332P/Ikeya–Murakami

332P/Ikeya–Murakami
332P/Ikeya–Murakami photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope in January 2016.[1]
Discovery
Discovered byKaoru Ikeya
Shigeki Murakami
Discovery date3 November 2010
Designations
P/2010 V1, P/2015 Y2
Orbital characteristics
Epoch2016 Jan. 13[2]
Observation arc124 days (fragment A)[3]
Perihelion1.573 AU (q)
Eccentricity0.4904
Orbital period5.42 yr[2]
(1980 days)
Inclination9.387°
Last perihelion18 August 2021 (A)[4]
(unobserved)
Next perihelion19 January 2027? (A)[5]
6 June 2027?? (F)[6]
Earth MOID0.59 AU (A)[3]
Jupiter MOID0.46 AU (A)[3]
0.34 AU (F)[7]
Physical characteristics[8][9]
Mean radius
≤ 2 km (original nucleus)
≤ 275 meters (A+C)
≤ 20 meters (F)
0.04 (assumed)
Comet total
magnitude (M1)		5.2
Comet nuclear
magnitude (M2)		12.5

332P/Ikeya–Murakami (P/2010 V1) is a short-period comet with period of approximately 5.4 years[2] first identified independently by the two Japanese amateur astronomers Kaoru Ikeya and Shigeki Murakami on November 3, 2010.[10][11] As 332P/Ikeya–Murakami only approaches within 1.57 AU of the Sun, roughly Mars distance from the Sun, the fragmentation events may be a result of rapid rotation. The comet was last observed in October 2020 as during the 2021 perihelion passage the comet was only 7 degrees from the Sun. The comet will next come to perihelion in January 2027 when it will have a solar elongation of 100 degrees.

Observational history

Ikeya identified the comet using a 25-centimeter (10-inch) reflector at 39×, while Murakami used a 46 cm (18-inch) reflector at 78×.[10] Photographic confirmation of the comet was obtained by Ernesto Guido and Giovanni Sostero using a Global-Rent-a-Scope (GRAS) telescope in New Mexico. Both Ikeya and Murakami discovered the comet using manual observation through optical telescopes. Such visual discoveries have become rare in recent years.[10]

At the start of November 2010, a few weeks past perihelion passage, it was discovered the comet had undergone a major outburst between October 31 and November 3.[12] After the 2010 perihelion passage, the comet only had about an 80-day observation arc.[12]

The recovery of P/2010 V1 on December 31, 2015, at magnitude 20 was announced on January 2, 2016, and designated as P/2015 Y2.[2] A secondary fragment (B) was confirmed and announced on January 5, 2016.[13] The comet is now composed of component A and B with two different comas, envelopes and tails.[13] Around January 11, 2016, two fainter potential fragments, designated P/2010 V1-C and P/2010 V1-D have been located, both likely having been fragmented from P/2010 V1-B. As of January 29, fragments B and D had nearly entirely disintegrated, and fragment C had undergone an outburst, making it as bright as P/2010 V1-A.

Fragment–A has a 124-day observation arc,[3] and fragment–F has the poorest orbit determination as it has a short arc of only 11-days.[7] Most of the fragments are estimated to have an orbital period of about 1980 days. Fragment–F is estimated to have a longer orbital period of around 2050 days. After two orbits (11 years) of becoming divergent, fragment–F is estimated to come to perihelion 4 months and 18 days after fragment–A.

Fragments

Comet fragment semimajor axis (AU) perihelion eccentricity inclination M2 ascending node argument of peri Discovery date
A3.086421.5728830.490399.386919.33.7827152.4422016/01/02
B3.08341.572870.489899.382420.83.796152.3782016/01/01
C3.08941.572930.490869.387012.53.7810152.4302010/11/03
D3.0831.57140.49049.37919.53.76152.62016/02/01
E3.091.5730.4919.3922.53.8152.52016/01/18
F3.151.5850.4969.5122.13.60152.42016/02/05
G3.061.5510.4949.2720.63.6154.52016/02/10
H3.08601.572830.490339.385718.93.786152.4212016/02/05
I3.0831.57300.4909.3821.73.80152.42016/02/05

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Cosmic Fragments". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "MPEC 2016-A10 : COMET P/2010 V1 = 2015 Y2 (Ikeya–Murakami)". IAU Minor Planet Center. 2016-01-02. Retrieved 2016-01-12. (PK15Y020)
  3. 1 2 3 4 "332P/Ikeya–Murakami-A – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  4. ↑ "332P/Ikeya–Murakami Orbit". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
  5. ↑ "Horizons Batch for 332P/Ikeya–Murakami-A (90001304) on 2027-Jan-19?" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). JPL Horizons. Retrieved 2021-09-17. (JPL#15 / Soln.date: 2021-Feb-24 / last obs: 2016-05-05)
  6. ↑ "Horizons Batch for 332P/Ikeya–Murakami-F (90001309) on 2027-Jun-06??" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). JPL Horizons. Retrieved 2025-10-13. (JPL#8 / Soln.date: 2018-Apr-05 / last obs: 2016-02-16)
  7. 1 2 "332P/Ikeya–Murakami-F – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
  8. ↑ D. C. Jewitt; M. Mutchler; H. Weaver; M. T. Hui; J. Agarwal; et al. (2016). "Fragmentation Kinematics in Comet 332P/Ikeya–Murakami". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 829 (1): 8–14. arXiv:1609.04452. Bibcode:2016ApJ...829L...8J. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/829/1/L8.
  9. ↑ M. T. Hui; Q. Z. Ye; P. Wiegert (2017). "Constraints on Comet 332P/Ikeya-Murakami". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (1): 4–14. arXiv:1610.00877. Bibcode:2017AJ....153....4H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/1/4.
  10. 1 2 3 Sinnott, Roger (2010-11-04). "New Binocular Comet in the Morning Sky". Sky & Telescope. Retrieved 2010-11-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  11. ↑ "Ikeya–Murakami: The New Comet on the Cosmic Block". NASA. November 17, 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  12. 1 2 M. Ishiguro; D. C. Jewitt; H. Hanayama; F. Usui; T. Sekiguchi; et al. (2014). "Outbursting Comet P/2010 V1 (Ikeya–Murakami): A Miniature Comet Holmes". The Astrophysical Journal. 787 (1): 55. arXiv:1404.1630. Bibcode:2014ApJ...787...55I. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/787/1/55. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 50869105.
  13. 1 2 D. W. Green (5 January 2016). "Comet P/2015 Y2 (Ikeya–Murakami)". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams.
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