2027 Mexican legislative election

2027 Mexican legislative election
6 June 2027
All 500 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
251 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Party Leader Last election
MORENA Ariadna Montiel Reyes 236
PVEM Karen Castrejón Trujillo 77
PAN Jorge Romero Herrera 72
PT Alberto Anaya 51
PRI Alejandro Moreno Cárdenas 35
MC Jorge Máynez 27
PAZ Armando González Escoto New
Somos MX Guadalupe Acosta Naranjo New
Results by constituency

Legislative elections are scheduled to be held in Mexico on 6 June 2027. Voters will elect all 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies, who will serve during the LXVII Legislature (2027–2030). These elections will take place concurrently with the 2027 state elections.

Background

Political background

In the 2024 election, Sigamos Haciendo Historia, a coalition that included the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), and the Labor Party (PT), won a majority of seats in Congress. The coalition obtained approximately 73% of the seats in the Chamber of Deputies, winning 256 of the 300 single-member districts and 108 seats through proportional representation, thereby achieving a supermajority in the lower house.[1] In the Senate, the coalition initially fell three seats short of a supermajority; however, subsequent defections allowed it to reach that threshold.[2] This marked the first time since the LIII Legislature that a governing party or coalition held a supermajority in both chambers of Congress.[3]

The same election left the opposition substantially weakened. Fuerza y Corazón por México, the coalition of the National Action Party (PAN), the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) that had backed presidential candidate Xóchitl Gálvez, won less than a third of the presidential vote.[4][5] The PRD, founded in 1989 and long the principal party of the Mexican left until the rise of Morena, lost its national registration after taking 1.86% in the presidential race, below the 3% threshold required to retain it, ending 35 years as a national party.[5][6] The remaining opposition then fragmented further: in October 2025 the PAN's national leader, Jorge Romero, announced that the party would contest the 2027 election on its own, ending the electoral alliance with the PRI that the two had maintained since 2021.[7] The PRI, led by Alejandro Moreno, pressed for a united opposition front, but the PAN and Citizens' Movement (MC), which had run alone in 2024, rejected the proposal, leaving the three parties set to compete separately against the governing coalition.[8]

Following the inauguration of the LXVI Legislature, the ruling coalition used its supermajority to advance a package of constitutional amendments known as "Plan C", originally proposed by former president Andrés Manuel López Obrador and which President Claudia Sheinbaum campaigned on passing during the 2024 presidential election.[9][10][11] The coalition frequently employed expedited or "fast-track" legislative procedures, limiting extended committee deliberation and accelerating the approval process.[11] The coalition's control of more than two-thirds of each chamber also left the opposition unable to initiate constitutional challenges, as an Action of Unconstitutionality requires the support of at least 33% of the members of a legislative chamber to be filed.[12][13] As a result, the coalition was able to approve controversial constitutional reforms along party-line votes, including the 2024 judicial reform, the transfer of the National Guard to military control, the adoption of the constitutional supremacy clause, and the dissolution of several autonomous constitutional bodies.[11] However, by late 2025, the coalition's internal unity also began to weaken. In December 2025, the PT broke ranks for the first time, abstaining on Sheinbaum's revision of Mexico's import and export tariff law.[14] In early 2026, when Sheinbaum pursued an electoral reform that was widely seen as disadvantageous for smaller parties, the PT and PVEM mostly voted against it, marking the first time Morena's coalition partners voted against one of Sheinbaum's constitutional initiatives.[15][16][17]

Electoral system

The National Electoral Institute (INE) oversees federal elections in Mexico. Its responsibilities include organizing election day logistics, producing and distributing electoral materials, counting votes, and certifying the election results.

The 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected in two ways: 300 are elected in single-member constituencies by plurality vote, and the remaining 200 are elected by proportional representation in five multi-member districts, with seats divided according to Hamilton's method. No political party may hold more than 300 seats in total, and proportional representation seats may not be allocated in a manner that results in a party exceeding its national vote share by more than eight percentage points.[18][19] Deputies are elected for three-year terms and will serve in the 67th Congress.

Political parties and coalitions

Eight national political parties are registered with the INE and are eligible to participate in federal elections: the National Action Party (PAN), the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), the Labor Party (PT), the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), Citizens' Movement (MC), the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), Building Societies of Peace (PAZ), and We Are Mexico (Somos MX).

The General Law of Political Parties stipulates that national political parties can form coalitions for elections by submitting a coalition agreement to the electoral authority. As Building Societies of Peace (PAZ) and We Are Mexico (Somos MX) are newly established parties, they are not eligible for joining a coalition.

Summary

Party Leader Ideology 2024 result
PR vote (%) Seats
National Regeneration Movement Ariadna Montiel Reyes 42.40%
236 / 500 (47%)
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico Karen Castrejón Trujillo Green politics 8.72%
77 / 500 (15%)
National Action Party Jorge Romero Herrera 17.55%
72 / 500 (14%)
Labor Party Alberto Anaya 5.68%
51 / 500 (10%)
Institutional Revolutionary Party Alejandro Moreno Cárdenas 11.57%
35 / 500 (7%)
Citizens' Movement Jorge Máynez 11.34%
27 / 500 (5%)
Building Societies of Peace Armando González Escoto Did not exist
We Are Mexico Guadalupe Acosta Naranjo Did not exist

Creation of new parties

In January 2025, the registration period opened for political organizations seeking recognition as national political parties, during which 89 organizations formally registered their intent to do so.[20] To obtain registration, an organization had to affiliate at least 0.26% of the national electoral roll—256,030 voters—by 28 February 2026.[21] It also had to hold either 20 state assemblies attended by at least 3,000 people each, or 200 district assemblies of at least 300 people each, by 15 February 2026,[22] in accordance with electoral law.[20][23]

Of the 89 organizations, 31 withdrew, and five formally applied for registration in February 2026; four of them met the affiliation and assembly requirements.[24] On 24 June 2026, the INE's Commission on Prerogatives and Political Parties recommended that the General Council grant national-party registration to these four.[25] The following day, the General Council approved two of them—Building Societies of Peace (PAZ) and We Are Mexico (Somos MX)—and rejected the applications of México Tiene Vida and Que Siga la Democracia.[26] PAZ was a successor to the Social Encounter Party and the Solidarity Encounter Party, while Somos MX grew out of the Marea Rosa (lit. 'pink tide'), a citizens' movement that arose in 2022 in defence of the INE's autonomy against an electoral reform proposed by President Andrés Manuel López Obrador and that backed Xóchitl Gálvez in the 2024 presidential election.[26][27][28]

The General Council denied registration to México Tiene Vida by six votes to five and to Que Siga la Democracia by seven votes to four.[29] It found that ministers of religion had participated in at least 58 of México Tiene Vida's assemblies, conduct prohibited by electoral law, and cited financial irregularities including an undeclared corporate donation and an attempted bribe of an electoral official.[26][30][31] Que Siga la Democracia was rejected for 92 affiliation records that contained altered photographs and falsified voter credentials, along with unreported expenditures and payments to citizens to attend its assemblies.[32][33] A last-minute report by the Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF) also alleged that resources had been channelled through shell companies to the organization's president, Édgar Garza, an allegation he denied.[31] Several INE councillors criticised the UIF report as irregular and untimely.[34]

Opinion polls

References

  1. ↑ "INE da a Sheinbaum el mayor poder en Diputados desde 1982". Forbes México (in Spanish). 2024-08-23. Retrieved 2026-01-10.
  2. ↑ "Morena logra "supermayoría" en el Senado con la adhesión de Cynthia López Castro". Brújula Política (in Spanish). 2024-11-12. Retrieved 2026-01-10.
  3. ↑ Del Carmen Nava Polina, María; Weldon, Jeffrey; Yáñez López, Jorge. "Cambio político, presidencialismo y producción legislativa en la Cámara de Diputados: 1988-1998" (PDF). Retrieved 2025-01-25.
  4. ↑ "Fuerza y Corazón por México". Wilson Center. 2023-10-26. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
  5. 1 2 "Democratic Revolution Party (PRD) leader confirms the party's demise". Mexico News Daily. 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2026-06-21.
  6. ↑ "El izquierdista PRD, fundado en 1989, pierde su registro nacional como partido en México". Swissinfo (in Spanish). 2024-09-20. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
  7. ↑ Santiago, David (2025-10-18). "PAN pone fin a alianzas con el PRI; "ninguna sigla se antepondrá", dice Romero". Expansión Política (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-21.
  8. ↑ "PAN y MC 'hacen el feo' a 'Alito' Moreno y descartan alianza con el PRI para elecciones de 2027". El Financiero (in Spanish). 2026-03-06. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
  9. ↑ Alín, Paola (2024-06-05). "Las claves para entender el Plan C de López Obrador". El País México (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-01-16.
  10. ↑ Tinoco, Omar (2025-01-01). "Plan C de AMLO marcará la agenda del Congreso en 2025". infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-01-16.
  11. 1 2 3 Chávez, Víctor (2024-12-26). "Morena aprobó 16 reformas de AMLO y Sheinbaum... y pospusieron 341 en Cámara de Diputados". El Financiero (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-01-16.
  12. ↑ Romina Gándara, Sugeyry (2024-09-12). "El PRIAN no tiene los legisladores necesarios para una acción de inconstitucionalidad | SinEmbargo MX". SinEmbargo MX (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-01-16.
  13. ↑ Jiménez, Elia Castillo (2024-09-12). "La reforma judicial hiere de muerte a la oposición". El País México (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-01-16.
  14. ↑ "¿Ruptura en coalición de la 4T? PT no acompañó propuesta arancelaria de Sheinbaum". Infobae (in Spanish). 2025-12-10. Retrieved 2026-06-21.
  15. ↑ Horwitz, Luisa (2026-03-13). "After Sheinbaum's Electoral Reform Stalls, What Comes Next?". Americas Society/Council of the Americas. Retrieved 2026-06-21.
  16. ↑ Wood, Duncan (2026-03-12). "Time for plan B: Sheinbaum's electoral reform fails in the lower house". Mexico News Daily. Retrieved 2026-06-21.
  17. ↑ "Diputados rechazan reforma electoral de Sheinbaum, se tambalea alianza con el Verde y PT". Infobae (in Spanish). 2026-03-11. Retrieved 2026-06-21.
  18. ↑ "The Mexican Electoral System". Instituto Nacional Electoral. 22 April 2017. Archived from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  19. ↑ "Constitution, Arts. 52 et seq" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  20. 1 2 García, Andrés (2025-02-03). "INE registra 89 organizaciones que buscan convertirse en partidos políticos". infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-01-10.
  21. ↑ "Reporte preliminar de afiliaciones recabadas por las organizaciones de la ciudadanía en proceso de constitución como PPN" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral (in Spanish). 2026-02-28. Retrieved 2026-03-06.
  22. ↑ "Proceso de constitución de partidos políticos nacionales | Estatus de la celebración de asambleas" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral (in Spanish). 2026-02-15. Retrieved 2026-03-06.
  23. ↑ García, Aura (2025-12-27). "Sólo dos organizaciones cumplen con asambleas". El Sol de México (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-01-10.
  24. ↑ "Informa INE sobre organizaciones ciudadanas que solicitaron registro como partidos políticos nacionales 2025-2026". Central Electoral, Instituto Nacional Electoral (in Spanish). 2026-03-31. Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  25. ↑ "Anticipa Comisión de Prerrogativas y Partidos Políticos del INE el registro de cuatro nuevos Partidos Políticos Nacionales". Central Electoral, Instituto Nacional Electoral (in Spanish). 2026-06-24. Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  26. 1 2 3 "INE aprueba registros a Somos México y PAZ como nuevos partidos políticos". El Financiero (in Spanish). 2026-06-25. Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  27. ↑ "Del PAZ a la Marea Rosa: ¿Quiénes lideran los cuatro nuevos partidos políticos rumbo a 2027?". El Financiero (in Spanish). 2026-06-25. Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  28. ↑ Arista, Lidia (2024-05-08). "Marea rosa: el movimiento ciudadano que arropó como candidata a Xóchitl Gálvez". Expansión (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  29. ↑ "Somos México y Construyendo Sociedades de Paz, son partidos políticos; INE descarta a dos organizaciones por irregularidades". El Universal (in Spanish). 2026-06-25. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
  30. ↑ Merino, Fernando (2026-06-22). "México Tiene Vida, grupo antiaborto que quiere ser partido, es acusado de sobornar a funcionario del INE". El Financiero (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  31. 1 2 Pérez, Maritza (2026-06-26). "Somos MX y Construyendo Sociedades, nuevos partidos". El Economista (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-26.
  32. ↑ "¿En qué fallaron Que Siga la Democracia y México Tiene Vida?". El Diario de Chihuahua (in Spanish). 2026-06-26. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
  33. ↑ "Detectan a partidos en ciernes fallas y mañas". La Razón (in Spanish). 2026-06-23. Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  34. ↑ "UIF envía información 'sensible' sobre nuevos partidos políticos; es irregular e inusual, dicen consejeros del INE". Aristegui Noticias (in Spanish). 2026-06-24. Retrieved 2026-06-25.
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