Federal electoral districts of Mexico
The federal electoral districts (Spanish: distritos electorales federales) of Mexico are the 300 constituencies or electoral districts into which the country is divided for the purpose of federal elections. Each district returns one federal deputy (diputado or diputada), who sits in the Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados), the lower house of Congress. An additional 200 deputies are elected by proportional representation from five electoral regions.
Electoral districts are identified by number and by federal entity (state or the capital). The number of electoral districts was set at 300 in 1979, when the number of seats in the Chamber of Deputies was increased from 196. The demarcation of the districts depends on the results of the previous census, and adjustments to the 1979 districts were made in 1996, 2005, 2017 and 2022.
Irrespective of population, no state may be represented by fewer than two electoral districts. This is the case with Baja California Sur (population: 798,447), Campeche (population: 928,363) and Colima (population: 731,391), which, as a result, return more senators than deputies to Congress. The states with the most electoral districts are the state of Mexico (population: 17.1 million), with 40, and Veracruz (population: 8.1 million), with 19. Mexico City, with a population of 9.2 million, has 22.
On 12 December 2022, the National Electoral Institute (INE) established the districts to be used in the 2024 and 2030 general elections, and the 2027 mid-term election, in accordance with the following criteria:[1]
- Each district to belong to only one federal entity.
- Balanced distribution of population between districts.
- Presence of Indigenous and Afrodescendent inhabitants (districts with 40% or more of those populations are styled "indigenous districts" and receive special prerogatives).[a]
- Geographical continuity.
- Travel times.
The new districting scheme was published in the Official Journal on 20 February 2023.[2]
Distribution of electoral districts
This map indicates the districts in each federal entity for elections between 2024 and 2030.[3]
| 1974 | 1978 | 1996 | 2005 | 2017 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguascalientes | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Baja California | 3 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 9 |
| Baja California Sur | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Campeche | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Chiapas | 6 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 |
| Chihuahua | 6 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Coahuila | 4 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 |
| Colima | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Durango | 4 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Guanajuato | 9 | 13 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
| Guerrero | 6 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| Hidalgo | 5 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Jalisco | 13 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 |
| Mexico City (Federal District) | 27 | 40 | 30 | 27 | 24 | 22 |
| State of Mexico | 15 | 34 | 36 | 40 | 41 | 40 |
| Michoacán | 9 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
| Morelos | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Nayarit | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Nuevo León | 7 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 14 |
| Oaxaca | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 |
| Puebla | 10 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 16 |
| Querétaro | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Quintana Roo | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 |
| San Luis Potosí | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Sinaloa | 5 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 |
| Sonora | 4 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Tabasco | 3 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Tamaulipas | 6 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 |
| Tlaxcala | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Veracruz | 15 | 23 | 23 | 21 | 20 | 19 |
| Yucatán | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| Zacatecas | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Chamber of Deputies | 196 | 300 | ||||
| Sources: [1][4][5][6] | ||||||
Electoral districts by state
Aguascalientes
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| 1st federal electoral district of Aguascalientes | Jesús María |
| 2nd federal electoral district of Aguascalientes | Aguascalientes |
| 3rd federal electoral district of Aguascalientes | Aguascalientes |
| 4th federal electoral district of Aguascalientes | Defunct since 1902[7] |
Baja California
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Baja California Sur
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| 1st federal electoral district of Baja California Sur | La Paz |
| 2nd federal electoral district of Baja California Sur | San José del Cabo |
Campeche
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| 1st federal electoral district of Campeche | San Francisco de Campeche |
| 2nd federal electoral district of Campeche | Ciudad del Carmen |
Chiapas
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Chihuahua
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Coahuila
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Colima
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| 1st federal electoral district of Colima | Colima |
| 2nd federal electoral district of Colima | Manzanillo |
Durango
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| 1st federal electoral district of Durango | Victoria de Durango |
| 2nd federal electoral district of Durango | Lerdo |
| 3rd federal electoral district of Durango | Guadalupe Victoria |
| 4th federal electoral district of Durango | Victoria de Durango |
| 5th federal electoral district of Durango | Defunct since 2005 |
| 6th federal electoral district of Durango | Defunct since 1996 |
| The 7th and 8th districts have been defunct since 1930 | |
Guanajuato
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Guerrero
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Hidalgo
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Jalisco
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Mexico City
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State of Mexico
_(since_2022).png)
Michoacán
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Morelos
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Nayarit
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| 1st federal electoral district of Nayarit | Santiago Ixcuintla |
| 2nd federal electoral district of Nayarit | Tepic |
| 3rd federal electoral district of Nayarit | Compostela |
Nuevo León
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Oaxaca
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Puebla
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Querétaro
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Quintana Roo
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San Luis Potosí
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Sinaloa
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Sonora
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Tabasco
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Tamaulipas
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Tlaxcala
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| 1st federal electoral district of Tlaxcala | Apizaco |
| 2nd federal electoral district of Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl |
| 3rd federal electoral district of Tlaxcala | Zacatelco |
Veracruz
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Yucatán
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Zacatecas
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See also
Notes
References
- 1 2 3 "Memoria de la Distritación Nacional 2021–2023" (PDF). INE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
- ↑ "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba el proyecto de la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". Diario Oficial de la Federación. 20 February 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2025.
- ↑ De la Rosa, Yared (20 February 2023). "Nueva distritación electoral le quita diputados a la CDMX y le agrega a Nuevo León". Forbes México. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ↑ González Casanova, Pablo (1993). Las Elecciones en México: evolución y perspectivas (3 ed.). Siglo XXI. p. 219. ISBN 9789682313219. Retrieved 10 April 2025.
- ↑ Baños Martínez, Marco Antonio; Palacios Mora, Celia (2014). "Evolución territorial de los distritos electorales federales uninominales, 1977–2010" [Territorial evolution of the federal uninominal electoral districts, 1977–2010]. Investigaciones Geográficas (84). Mexico City: Instituto de Geografía, UNAM: 92. doi:10.14350/rig.34063. Retrieved 17 July 2024.
- ↑ "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba la demarcación territorial de los 300 distritos electorales federales uninominales" (PDF). Repositorio Documental. INE. 15 March 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2025.
- ↑ "Los Diputados de la Nación: II. Índice por estado y legislatura" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. p. 301. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2024.