1934 Philippine legislative election

1934 Philippine legislative election
June 5, 1934
11 of the 24 seats in the Philippine Senate
  First party Second party
 
Leader Manuel L. Quezon Sergio Osmeña
Party Nacionalista
Democratico		 Nacionalista
Pro-Independencia
Leader's seat 5th District 10th District
Seats won 8 3
Seats after 16 8
Senate President before election

Manuel L. Quezon
Nacionalista–Colectivista

 Elected Senate President

Manuel L. Quezon
Nacionalista–Colectivista

All 92 seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines
47 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party
 
Leader Quintín Paredes Manuel Roxas
Party Nacionalista Democratico Nacionalista Democrata Pro-Independencia
Leader's seat Abra Capiz–1st
Seats won 70 19
Seat change Increase 2 Decrease 49
Speaker before election

Manuel Roxas
Nacionalista
Consolidado

 Elected Speaker

Quintín Paredes
Nacionalista
Democratico

Elections to the Philippine Legislature were held on June 5, 1934 pursuant to the Jones Law of 1916 which prescribed elections for every three years. Votes elected 92 members of the House of Representatives in the Philippine House of Representatives elections; and 11 out of 24 members of the Senate in the Philippine Senate elections.

Background

Senate President Manuel Quezon initiated an idea to lobby an independence bill to US Congress, but due to his failing health, he proposed it to Senate President Pro-Tempore Sergio Osmeña and House Speaker Manuel Roxas.[1] The latter two's independence lobby dubbed OsRox Mission.[2]

After negotiations of OsRox, an independence bill was passed authored by South Carolina Representative Butler Hare, Missouri Senator Harry Bartow Hawes and New Mexico Senator Bronson M. Cutting (Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act).[1] But when it was in a Senate Committee, many members debated to prolong commonwealth years, with others arguing about military presence.[2] In Manila, even though Quezon believes that the independence bill will pass through, opposition to some of its provisions mounted from Filipino members of the Legislature.[2]

After many arguments, session endings, and demonstrations, in December 1932, the Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act passed on the both chambers, and overridden the veto of President Herbert Hoover by January 1933.[1] With the passage of the bill, Philippine Legislature needs to ratify it. Quezon stated his opposition, and called for revision of some of the provisions.[2]

With the return of Osmeña and Roxas in Manila by August 1933, and they clashed with Quezon, who campaigned for the rejection of it.[2] Only 7 senators and 24 representatives voted for the bill.[2] Later, Quezon lobbied for Tydings–McDuffie Act, with only difference is the military bases provision which can be negotiated its extension. This caused another party split (last happened in 1922), with Quezon has Nacionalista Democratico (Antis) against OsRox's Nacionalista Democrata Pro-Independencia (Pros).[3]

Results

Senate election results

↓
16 8
Democratico Pro-Independencia
PartySeats
UpBeforeWonAfter+/−
Nacionalista[a]10211122+1
Democrata1100−1
Appointed[b]02020
Total112411241
  1. ↑ The Nacionalista Party won 11 seats: 8 seats under the Democratico faction and 3 seats under the Democrata Pro-Independencia faction. Following the election, the Nacionalista Party has a total of 24 seats: 16 seats under the Democratico faction and 8 seats under the Democrata Pro-Independencia faction.
  2. ↑ Of the two appointed senators from Nacionalista, one was from the Democratico faction and one was from the Democrata Pro-Independencia faction.

House election results

↓
70 19 3
Democratico Pro-Independencia S.
PartySeats+/–
Nacionalista Democratico70New
Nacionalista Democrata Pro-Independencia19New
Sakdalista3New
Total92+6

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Sicat, Gerardo P. (August 18, 2015). "'Manuel L. Quezon: How he secured the independence law from the United States'". Philstar.com. Retrieved 2026-06-25.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gripaldo, Rolando (2017). "Quezon and Osmeña on the Hare-Hawes Cutting and Tydings-McDuffie Act" (PDF). Quezon-Winslow Correspondence and Other Essays.
  3. ↑ "From Campaign to Reconcilation[sic]: A Timeline, 1931-1941 – Manuel L. Quezon III". www.quezon.ph. Retrieved 2026-06-25.


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