HANBIT-NANO flight 1

HANBIT-NANO flight 1
Innospace HANBIT-NANO launch
Launch21 December 2025, 10:13 p.m. UTC-3
OperatorInnospace
PadAlcântara Launch Center Innospace Pad
Payload
  • Brazil FloripaSat-2A / 2B
  • Brazil Jussara-K
  • India Solaras S2
  • Brazil PION-BR2
OutcomeDestroyed
Launch duration33 seconds
HANBIT-NANO Flights

Innospace HANBIT-NANO Flight 1 (Spaceward) was the launch of Innospace HANBIT-NANO, by Innospace[1] with the goal of launching 8 different payloads, between satellites and experiments, to low Earth orbit.[2]

The launch happened on 22 December 2025, with a failure 33 seconds after T-0, destroying the rocket.[3][4]

Backstory

The HANBIT-Nano rocket underwent Integrated Interface System Testing in early 2025; it is scheduled to be shipped to the Alcântara Center on April 2, with a launch planned for July 2025.[5] However, upon receiving authorization from the Brazilian Space Agency in May 2025, with a launch window scheduled for between October 13 and November 7, the newspaper O Globo reported that they did not have had a launch date.[6][7] On May 27, Innospace announced that the launch had been rescheduled from July to the second half of 2025 due to issues with the electric pump and the first-stage hybrid propulsion system.[8][9]

On 10 November, the integration of the payload—consisting of eight payloads, including five satellites and three experiments—began, with the launch scheduled for the 22nd,[10][11] at 3 p.m. UTC-3, when the rocket would place its payloads into an orbit 300 km above the Earth's surface with an inclination of 40 degrees.[12] Operation Spaceward mobilized 400 Brazilian Air Force personnel.[13] In order to conduct additional safety tests, on 21 November the launch window was extended to 22 December, with the launch now scheduled for the 17th.[14][15] On December 15, preparations reached their final stage, and the launch was scheduled for 3:45 p.m. UTC-3 on the 17th.[16] On the 17th, the launch was rescheduled for the 19th due to an anomaly "detected in the cooling system of the first-stage oxidizer supply system."[17] On the 19th, the launch was postponed from 3:34 p.m. UTC-3 to 5:00 p.m. UTC-3 and then to 9:30 p.m. UTC-3 due to weather conditions at Alcântara,[18][19] facing yet another delay due to a problem with the second-stage fuel valve,[20] and was then rescheduled for 22 December.[19]

Launch

On December 22, at 10:13 p.m. UTC−3, the HANBIT-Nano successfully launched from the base, breaking the sound barrier and passing the point of maximum aerodynamic pressure, before being destroyed approximately 33 seconds later. The Brazilian Air Force reported that "After leaving the launch pad, the vehicle began its vertical trajectory as planned. However, there was a malfunction in the vehicle that caused it to crash into the ground" within the space base area. The investigation into the accident began on 26 January 2026.[21][22][4][23]

Kim Soo-jong, CEO of Innospace, revealed to shareholders the results of the investigation involving Innospace, the CENIPA, the Brazilian Air Force, the Alcântara Space Center and independent investigators, who, in addition to analyzing the telemetry data, recovered and examined 300 pieces of debris. It was discovered that during the structural reinforcement process in Brazil, insufficient compression of the first-stage engine sealing components caused a gas leak, which ruptured 33 seconds into the flight. In a letter, Kim Soo-Jong expressed regret over the loss and indicated that a new launch would take place in 2026.[4][24][25][26] CENIPA's final report was released on June 12.[27]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Primeiro lançamento de foguete comercial na Base de Alcântara deve acontecer entre outubro e novembro" [The first commercial rocket launch at the Alcântara Base is expected to take place between October and November]. O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-10-03. Retrieved 2025-10-20.
  2. ↑ Braga, Laura (2025-10-03). "Brasil vai lançar foguete comercial pela primeira vez. Entenda" [Brazil to Launch Commercial Rocket for the First Time: Here's What You Need to Know]. www.metropoles.com (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2025-10-20.
  3. ↑ "Foguete sul-coreano explode após lançamento no Brasil: o que se sabe sobre a missão fracassada" [South Korean Rocket Explodes After Launch in Brazil: What Is Known About the Failed Mission]. BBC News Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-12-23. Retrieved 2025-12-27.
  4. 1 2 3 "Erro de montagem causou queda de foguete do 1º voo comercial no Brasil" [Assembly Error Caused Crash of Rocket on Brazil's First Commercial Flight]. G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2026-03-17. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  5. ↑ Basseto, Murilo (2025-03-18). "Outro foguete será trazido a Alcântara pelos sul-coreanos, mas dessa vez não será a bordo de um Boeing 747" [Another rocket will be brought to Alcântara by the South Koreans, but this time it will not be aboard a Boeing 747]. aeroin. Retrieved 2025-05-23.
  6. ↑ Vidon, Filipe (2025-05-20). "Empresa sul-coreana ganha autorização para o primeiro lançamento comercial de novo foguete na Base de Alcântara" [South Korean company receives authorization for the first commercial launch of a new rocket at the Alcântara Base]. O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  7. ↑ Gomes, Giovanna (2025-10-03). "Quando deve ocorrer o primeiro lançamento de foguete comercial na Base de Alcântara?" [When is the first commercial rocket launch scheduled to take place at the Alcântara Base?]. Aventuras na História (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  8. ↑ "INNOSPACE anuncia nova data do primeiro lançamento comercial do HANBIT-Nano" [INNOSPACE Announces New Date for First Commercial Launch of HANBIT-Nano]. gov.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-05-27. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  9. ↑ "INNOSPACE Reschedules First Commercial Launch of HANBIT-Nano to Second Half of 2025". Innospace. 2025-05-27. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  10. ↑ "Sul-coreanos iniciam integração de cargas no Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara" [South Koreans Begin Payload Integration at the Alcântara Launch Center]. Agência Espacial Brasileira (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-11-13. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  11. ↑ "Missão de lançamento do primeiro foguete comercial no Brasil se aproxima da fase final" [Mission to launch the first commercial rocket in Brazil approaches its final phase]. G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-11-15. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  12. ↑ Nogueira, Salvador (2025-11-16). "Sul-coreanos planejam primeiro lançamento orbital da história do Brasil" [South Koreans Plan Brazil's First-Ever Orbital Launch]. Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  13. ↑ Faria, Letícia (2025-11-05). "FAB mobiliza 400 profissionais no Maranhão para lançar foguete em 1ª operação comercial do Brasil" [FAB mobilizes 400 personnel in Maranhão to launch rocket in Brazil's first commercial operation]. fab.mil.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  14. ↑ Faria, Letícia (2025-11-21). "Innospace e FAB prolongam operação para lançar foguete sul-coreano. Confira os detalhes" [Innospace and FAB Extend Operation to Launch South Korean Rocket. Check Out the Details]. fab.mil.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  15. ↑ Rodrigues, Murilo (2025-11-19). "Brasil terá primeiro lançamento de foguete comercial no espaço em dezembro; entenda" [Brazil to host first commercial rocket launch into space in December; here's what to know]. GZH (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  16. ↑ Basseto, Murilo (2025-12-15). "Anunciado o horário previsto para o histórico lançamento do foguete sul-coreano em Alcântara, no Maranhão" [Scheduled Time Announced for the Historic Launch of the South Korean Rocket in Alcântara, Maranhão]. aeroin (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  17. ↑ Freitas, Aline; Gandolphi, Isabelle; Fróes, Rafaelle (2025-12-17). "Foguete no Brasil: lançamento adiado na Base de Alcântara (MA)" [Rocket in Brazil: Launch Postponed at Alcântara Base (MA)]. G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  18. ↑ "Lançamento do Hanbit-Nano em Alcântara (MA) é adiado para 21h30" [Launch of Hanbit-Nano in Alcântara (MA) is postponed to 9:30 PM]. Money Report (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-12-19. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  19. 1 2 "Lançamento do foguete que fará 1º voo comercial espacial do Brasil é remarcado para segunda-feira" [Launch of the rocket that will conduct Brazil's first commercial spaceflight is rescheduled for Monday]. G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-12-21. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  20. ↑ Mozelli, Rodrigo (2025-12-20). "Lançamento de foguete brasileiro em Alcântara é adiado novamente" [Launch of Brazilian rocket in Alcântara postponed again]. Olhar Digital (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  21. ↑ Silva, Felipe Alves da (2025-12-23). "Falha em voo faz empresa perder foguete e frustra o primeiro lançamento orbital da história em solo brasileiro, em Alcântara" [Flight failure causes company to lose rocket and thwarts the first orbital launch in history from Brazilian soil, in Alcântara]. RSM - Revista Sociedade Militar (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  22. ↑ Nogueira, Salvador (2025-12-22). "Após decolar, explode foguete que marcaria 1º lançamento orbital da história em solo brasileiro" [After liftoff, rocket explodes that would have marked the first orbital launch in history from Brazilian soil]. Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  23. ↑ "Innospace e Cenipa iniciam investigação sobre a Operação Spaceward" [Innospace and Cenipa Launch Investigation into Operation Spaceward]. MundoGEO (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2026-01-26. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  24. ↑ "INNOSPACE Identifies Cause of HANBIT-Nano Mission Termination Through Joint Investigation with Brazil's CENIPA". Innospace. 2026-03-27. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  25. ↑ "Após explosão em Alcântara, empresa dona de foguete projeta novo lançamento em 2026" [Following explosion in Alcântara, rocket owner plans new launch in 2026]. G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2025-12-23. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  26. ↑ Dinner, Josh (2026-03-19). "Private South Korean rocket exploded last December due to hardware failure, investigation finds". Space. Retrieved 2026-05-23.
  27. ↑ "INNOSPACE Moves Forward with HANBIT-Nano Follow-up Launch Following Brazilian Air Force's Final CENIPA Report". 이노스페이스. 2026-06-12. Retrieved 2026-06-12.
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