2034 in public domain

When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform. The following is a list of creators whose works enter the public domain in 2034 under the most common copyright regimes, assuming no further extensions to copyright terms become law in the interim.

Countries with life + 70 years

Except for Belarus (Life + 50 years)[1] and Spain (which has a copyright term of Life + 80 years for creators that died before 1988), a work enters the public domain in Europe 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime.[2][3] In addition, several other countries have a limit of 70 years. The list is sorted alphabetically and includes a notable work of the creator.

Names Country Death Occupation Notable work
Georges Braque France 31 August 1963 Painter, sculptor The Viaduct at L'Estaque
Babu Gulabrai India 13 April 1963 Writer
Nâzım Hikmet Turkey 3 June 1963 Poet Kız Çocuğu
Aldous Huxley United Kingdom 22 November 1963 Writer, Philosopher Brave New World
Amar Nath Kak India 1963 Writer
John F. Kennedy United States 22 November 1963 Politician, political writer Why England Slept, A Nation of Immigrants, Profiles in Courage
C. S. Lewis United Kingdom 22 November 1963 Writer, Literary scholar The Chronicles of Narnia
Patrick MacGill Ireland 23 November 1963 Poet, playwright Suspense
Brinsley MacNamara Ireland 4 February 1963 Poet, playwright The Valley of the Squinting Windows
Louis MacNeice Ireland
United Kingdom		 3 September 1963 Novelist, playwright Autumn Journal
Laudelino Mejías Venezuela 30 November 1963 Composer "Conticinio"
Enrique Pérez Arce Mexico 25 June 1963 Politician, writer La Tambora
Rajendra Prasad India 28 February 1963 Politician, writer
Hemendra Kumar Roy India 18 April 1963 Writer
Laxminarayan Sahu India 18 January 1963 Writer
Rahul Sankrityayan India 14 April 1963 Activist, writer Meri Jeevan Yatra
Anasuya Shankar India 29 July 1963 Writer
Acharya Shivpujan Sahay India 21 January 1963 Writer

Countries with life + 60 years

In Bangladesh, India, and Venezuela a work enters the public domain 60 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Death Occupation Notable work
Aziz Abaza Egypt 11 July 1973 Poet, politician
Zainal Abidin Ahmad Malaysia 23 October 1973 Writer, linguist
W. H. Auden United Kingdom 29 September 1973 Poet
Malek Bennabi Algeria 31 October 1973 Philosopher Les Conditions de la Renaissance
Charles Brasch New Zealand 20 May 1973 Poet, editor Landfall
Elizabeth Bowen Ireland
United Kingdom		 22 February 1973 Biologist
Pearl S. Buck United States 6 March 1973 Novelist The Good Earth
Amílcar Cabral Cape Verde
Guinea-Bissau		 20 January 1973 Activist Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada
Noël Coward United Kingdom 26 March 1973 Playwright Noël Coward on stage and screen
John Creasey United Kingdom 9 June 1973 Writer Gideon's Day
Jim Croce United States 20 September 1973 Musician
Bobby Darin United States 20 December 1973 Musician
Henry Darger United States 13 April 1973 Novelist, artist In the Realms of the Unreal
Arthur Freed United States 12 April 1973 Lyricist, film producer Singin' in the Rain
John Ford United States 4 August 1973 Director John Ford filmography
Ragnar Frisch Norway 31 January 1973 Economist
Anthony Gilbert Great Britain 9 December 1973 Writer The Vanishing Corpse
Elisabeth Hauptmann Germany 20 April 1973 Playwright The Threepenny Opera (with Bertolt Brecht)
Taha Hussein Egypt 11 July 1973 Poet, politician The Days
José Alfredo Jiménez Mexico 23 November 1973 Songwriter "El Rey"
Lyndon B. Johnson United States 22 January 1973 Politician
Raymonde de Kervern Mauritius 1973 Poet
Bruce Lee United States 20 July 1973 Martial artist Tao of Jeet Kune Do
Kathleen Lindsay Great Britain 1973 Writer
Gian Francesco Malipiero Italy 1 August 1973 Composer, musicologist L'Orfeide
Cornelia Meigs United States 1973 Children's writer The Windy Hill
Nancy Mitford Great Britain 30 June 1973 Writer The Pursuit of Love
Pablo Neruda Chile 23 September 1973 Poet Canto General, Oda al Gato
Robert C. O'Brien United States 5 March 1973 Writer Z for Zachariah
Kid Ory United States 23 January 1973 Composer Red Allen, Kid Ory & Jack Teagarden at Newport
Gram Parsons United States 19 September 1973 Musician
Isabel Peacocke New Zealand 12 October 1973 Writer Cathleen with a 'C'
Pablo Picasso Spain 8 April 1973 Painter Guernica, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
Pixinguinha Brazil 17 February 1973 Composer
William Plomer South Africa 20 September 1973 Writer
Andy Razaf United States 3 February 1973 Lyricist Ain't Misbehavin'
Gopal Prasad Rimal   Nepal 24 October 1973 Poet Jangi Nishan Hamro
Ivan T. Sanderson United States 19 February 1973 Biologist
Nigoghos Sarafian France 1972 Poet
Mohammed ash-Shanqîtî Mauritania
Saudi Arabia		 10 January 1973 Muslim scholar Works
Allan Sherman United States 20 November 1973 Comedian "Hello Muddah, Hello Fadduh (A Letter from Camp)"
Ousmane Diop Socé Senegal 27 October 1973 Poet Contes et légendes d'Afrique noire
Abdillahi Suldaan Mohammed Timacade Somalia 6 February 1973 Poet
Bhim Nidhi Tiwari   Nepal 1973 Poet Dagbatti
J. R. R. Tolkien United Kingdom 2 September 1973 Writer J. R. R. Tolkien bibliography
Valentin Tomberg Russian Empire 24 February 1973 Mystic Meditations on the Tarot
Âşık Veysel Turkey 21 March 1973 Composer
Alan Watts United Kingdom 16 November 1973 Philosopher Alan Watts bibliography
Chic Young United States 14 March 1973 Cartoonist Blondie

Countries with life + 50 years

In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Belarus, Bolivia, New Zealand, Egypt and Uruguay, a work enters the public domain 50 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Death Occupation Notable work
Hergé Belgium 3 March 1983 Comic artist The Adventures of Tintin

Countries with life + 80 years

Spain has a copyright term of life + 80 years for creators that died before 1988.[4] In Colombia and Equatorial Guinea, a work enters the public domain 80 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Death Occupation Notable work
Hans Aanrud Norway 11 January 1953 Writer
Tamar Abakelia Georgia 14 May 1953 Sculptor
Abdullah Yusuf Ali India 10 December 1953 Translator The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary
Dimitri Arakishvili Georgia 13 August 1953 Composer The Legend of Shota Rustaveli
Agustín Abarca Chile 28 May 1953 Painter
Walter Armitage South Africa 22 February 1953 Playwright
Vladimir Bakaleinikov Russia 5 November 1953 Composer, conductor
Rudolf Bauer Germany 28 November 1953 Painter
Arnold Bax United Kingdom 3 October 1953 Composer, writer List of compositions by Arnold Bax
Harmsen van der Beek The Netherlands 24 July 1953 Illustrator, commercial artist Noddy
Hilaire Belloc United Kingdom 16 July 1953 Writer Hilaire Belloc bibliography
Róbert Berény Hungary 10 September 1953 Painter Sleeping Lady with Black Vase
Henri Bernstein France 27 November 1953 Playwright Samson, Mélo
Elsa Beskow Sweden 30 June 1953 Writer, illustrator
Ugo Betti Italy 9 June 1953 Playwright, judge The Fugitive
Henrik Bull Norway 2 June 1953 Architect National Theatre
Ivan Bunin Russia 9 June 1953 Writer List of short stories by Ivan Bunin, List of poems by Ivan Bunin
John Horne Burns United States 11 August 1953 Writer The Gallery
Rosario Candela United States 3 October 1953 Architect 740 Park Avenue
Harold Cazneaux Australia 19 June 1953 Photographer Cazneaux Tree
Ahmed Ghulam Ali Chagla Pakistan 5 February 1953 Composer "Qaumi Taranah"
Albert Coates United Kingdom 11 December 1953 Composer, conductor
Ruth Crawford Seeger United States 18 November 1953 Composer String Quartet 1931
Peter DeRose United States 23 April 1953 Composer "Deep Purple"
Raoul Dufy France 23 March 1953 Painter
Edmund Dulac France 25 May 1953 Illustrator
Jean Epstein France 2 April 1953 Film director The Fall of the House of Usher
Georges Le Faure France 25 May 1953 Writer
Emil Filla Czech Republic 7 October 1953 Painter
Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński Poland 6 December 1953 Poet Skumbrie w tomacie
Albert Gleizes France 23 June 1953 Painter, writer List of works by Albert Gleizes
Milt Gross United States 29 November 1953 Cartoonist Count Screwloose
Guccio Gucci Italy 2 January 1953 Fashion designer
Sophia Hayden United States 3 February 1953 Architect The Woman's Building
Mary Brewster Hazelton United States 13 September 1953 Painter
Jindřich Heisler Czech Republic 4 January 1953 Photographer, writer and surrealist artist
Cecil Hepworth United Kingdom 9 February 1953 Film director, producer Alice in Wonderland (1903 film)
Tatsuo Hori Japan 28 May 1953 Writer The Wind Has Risen
Curuppumullage Jinarajadasa Sri Lanka 18 June 1953 Writer Art as a factor in the soul's evolution
Joseph Jongen Belgium 12 July 1953 Composer Mass, Op. 130
Emmerich Kálmán Hungary 30 October 1953 Composer Die Csárdásfürstin, Countess Maritza, Die Zirkusprinzessin
Thiru. V. Kalyanasundaram India 17 September 1953 Writer
Fritz Kirchhoff Germany 25 June 1953 Film director Attack on Baku
Moïse Kisling France 29 April 1953 Painter
Eduard Künneke Germany 27 October 1953 Composer The Cousin from Nowhere
Elisabeth Kuyper The Netherlands 26 February 1953 Composer
Jorge de Lima Brazil 15 November 1953 Politician, writer
Will Longstaff Australia 1 July 1953 Painter Menin Gate at Midnight
Oskar Luts Estonia 23 March 1953 Writer, playwright
Kornel Makuszyński Poland 31 July 1953 Writer Koziołek Matołek
Herman J. Mankiewicz United States 5 March 1953 Screenwriter Citizen Kane
Emmanuel de Margerie France 20 December 1953 Geographer
John Marin United States 2 October 1953 Painter
Daniel Gregory Mason United States 4 December 1953 Composer, music critic
Erich Mendelsohn Germany 15 September 1953 Architect List of works by Erich Mendelsohn
Moses Milner Russia 25 October 1953 Composer
Mime Misu Romania 25 October 1953 Dancer, film director In Nacht und Eis, Das Mirakel
Vera Mukhina Soviet Union 6 October 1953 Sculptor, painter Worker and Kolkhoz Woman
Sulaiman Nadvi Pakistan 22 November 1953 Writer Khutbat-e-madras
Ibrahim Nagi Egypt 6 October 1953 Poet "Al-Atlal"
Francesco Saverio Nitti Italy 20 February 1953 Politician
Hisato Ohzawa Japan 28 October 1953 Composer Piano Concerto No. 3
Eugene O'Neill United States 27 November 1953 Playwright Long Day's Journey into Night
Francis Picabia France 30 November 1953 Painter List of works by Francis Picabia
Joseph Pinchon France 20 June 1953 Illustrator Bécassine
Uroš Predić Serbia 12 February 1953 Painter Happy Brothers
Alice Prin France 30 November 1953 Model, painter, writer Kiki's Memoirs
Sergei Prokofiev Russia 5 March 1953 Composer, conductor List of compositions by Sergei Prokofiev
Vsevolod Pudovkin Russia 30 June 1953 Film director, screenwriter
Roger Quilter United Kingdom 21 September 1953 Composer Arnold Book of Old Songs
Rachilde France 4 April 1953 Writer Monsieur Vénus
Graciliano Ramos Brazil 20 March 1953 Writer, translator Vidas secas
Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings United States 14 December 1953 Author The Yearling
Django Reinhardt France 16 May 1953 Composer, musician
Winold Reiss United States 23 August 1953 Painter Winold Reiss industrial murals
Pasquale Rizzoli Italy 30 January 1953 Sculptor
Ludomir Różycki Poland 1 January 1953 Composer
Max Sainsaulieu France 21 February 1953 Architect Carnegie Library of Reims
Rudolph Schindler United States 22 August 1953 Architect Schindler House
Edward Shanks United Kingdom 4 May 1953 Writer Fête Galante
Everett Shinn United States 1 May 1953 Painter
Joseph Stalin Russia 5 March 1953 Politician Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR
Vladimir Tatlin Russia 31 May 1953 Painter, architect Tatlin's Tower
Neyzen Tevfik Turkey 28 January 1953 Poet, satirist
Jérôme Tharaud France 28 January 1953 Writer
Dylan Thomas United Kingdom 9 November 1953 Poet List of works by Dylan Thomas
Totius South Africa 1 July 1953 Poet
Julian Tuwim Poland 27 December 1953 Poet "Murzynek Bambo"
Jules Van Nuffel Belgium 25 June 1953 Composer In convertendo Dominus
Bernard Carra de Vaux France 1953 Orientalist
Vydūnas Lithuania 20 February 1953 Poet
Erich Weinert Germany 20 April 1953 Writer "Der heimliche Aufmarsch"
Ben Ames Williams United States 4 February 1953 Writer The Unconquered
Hank Williams United States 1 January 1953 Musician List of songs written by Hank Williams
Arthur Wimperis United Kingdom 14 October 1953 Lyricist, screenwriter The Arcadians, Mrs. Miniver
Friedrich Wolf Germany 5 October 1953 Writer Professor Mamlock
Xu Beihong China 26 September 1953 Painter
Vsevolod Zaderatsky Russia 1 February 1953 Composer
John Stepan Zamecnik United States 13 June 1953 Composer

United States

Under the Copyright Term Extension Act, books published in 1938, films released in 1938, and other works published in 1938 will enter the public domain in 2034.[5] Sound recordings published in 1933 and unpublished works whose authors died in 1963 will also enter the public domain.

Two of the most significant films entering the public domain in the United States in 2034 are You Can't Take It with You and The Adventures of Robin Hood.

Significant films entering the public domain in 2034 include Frank Capra's Best Picture Academy Award-winning adaptation of You Can't Take It with You starring Jean Arthur alongside Lionel Barrymore and James Stewart, The Adventures of Robin Hood starring Errol Flynn in the title role alongside Olivia de Havilland as Maid Marian, Bringing Up Baby with Cary Grant and Katharine Hepburn, Boys Town with Spencer Tracy and Mickey Rooney, Sergei Eisenstein's historical epic Alexander Nevsky, the musical film Alexander's Ragtime Band based around Irving Berlin's same-named song, Alfred Hitchcock's The Lady Vanishes, William Wyler's Jezebel with Bette Davis and Henry Fonda, David Butler's Kentucky with Loretta Young and Richard Greene, The Big Broadcast of 1938 with W. C. Fields and Bob Hope, the Laurel and Hardy comedy Block-Heads, Roy Rogers' debut film Under Western Stars, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's first Technicolor feature film Sweethearts with Jeanette MacDonald and Nelson Eddy, Victor Fleming's Test Pilot starring Clark Gable, Irving Thalberg's last production Marie Antoinette, Marcel Carné's Port of Shadows, Leni Riefenstahl's documentary film Olympia, Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse cartoon Brave Little Tailor and Silly Symphony short Ferdinand the Bull, Chuck Jones' directorial debut The Night Watchman, and the Looney Tunes cartoons Porky in Wackyland and Porky's Hare Hunt, the latter of which featured a rabbit antagonist who was a prototype of Bugs Bunny. The modern character designs of Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse will also enter the public domain, through a single newspaper comic strip published toward the end of the year. Meanwhile, Orson Welles' radio series The Mercury Theatre on the Air, infamous for its War of the Worlds broadcast, was already in the public domain with no proper copyright renewal on any of its scripts.

Among the literary works entering the public domain are Dr. Seuss's children's book The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins (one of the few books of his not to use his traditional writing style), Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings' The Yearling, Samuel Beckett's first completed novel Murphy, Daphne du Maurier's novel Rebecca, Eric Knight's Lassie Come Home, T.H. White's The Sword in the Stone, the Pulitzer Prize-winning play Our Town, Ferdinand Bordewijk's novel Character, Hardy Boys novel #17 The Secret Warning by Franklin W. Dixon, and Herge's Tintin story The Black Island in its original French black-and-white version. The first seven issues of superhero comic Action Comics, which featured the first incarnations of DC Comics' Superman and Lois Lane, will enter the public domain in 2034; the same will also happen for the original incarnation of Charles Addams’ The Addams Family from their cartoons published in The New Yorker (where the family consisted of only Morticia, Pugsley, Grandmama, and butler Lurch, the last of whom was initially implied to be Morticia's husband and was thus a prototype of Gomez). The Franco-Belgian comic character Spirou will also become public domain in the United States in 2034, alongside the first issues of the British children's anthology comic magazine The Beano.

Works of art that will enter the public domain include Marc Chagall's White Crucifixion, Salvador Dalí's Apparition of Face and Fruit Dish on a Beach, Frida Kahlo's What the Water Gave Me, Wyndham Lewis' Portrait of T. S. Eliot, and Constantin Brâncuși's Sculptural Ensemble at Târgu Jiu.

Popular songs entering the public domain in 2034 include "Heart and Soul", "Jeepers Creepers", "My Reverie", "Thanks for the Memory", "I Let a Song Go Out of My Heart", "Love Walked In", "I'll Be Seeing You", and "You Must Have Been a Beautiful Baby".

See also

References

  1. ↑ Law 194-3 of 11 August 1998[link removed]
  2. ↑ "EU Extends Copyright Term To 70 Years | Billboard". Billboard.biz. 2011-09-12. Archived from the original on 2013-01-06. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
  3. ↑ "EUR-Lex – 32006L0116 – EN – EUR-Lex". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  4. ↑ "Áreas de cultura: Propiedad Intelectual – Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  5. ↑ Hirtle, Peter B. (3 January 2020). "Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States". Cornell University Library Copyright Information Center. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  • Wikimedia Commons logo Media related to Undelete in 2034 at Wikimedia Commons
  • "Authors by Year of Death – 1963". AuthorAndBookInfo.com.
  • Popular Books of 1938 at Goodreads
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