Holland Harbor Light

Holland Harbor Light a/k/a "Big Red"
Holland Harbor Light
LocationOttawa County, Michigan
Coordinates42°46′21.7″N 86°12′44.7″W / 42.772694°N 86.212417°W / 42.772694; -86.212417
Tower
Constructed1870
FoundationPier
ConstructionWood
Automated1970
Height42 feet (13 m)
ShapeSquare
MarkingsRed Edit this on Wikidata
HeritageNational Register of Historic Places listed place, Michigan State Historic Site Edit this on Wikidata
Light
First lit1870
Focal height15 m (49 ft) Edit this on Wikidata
LensFourth order Fresnel lens (removed)
Range16 nmi (30 km; 18 mi) (white), 14 nmi (26 km; 16 mi) (red) Edit this on Wikidata
CharacteristicAlt WR 10s Edit this on Wikidata
Holland Harbor Lighthouse
Nearest cityHolland, Michigan
Arealess than one acre
Built1907
NRHP reference No.78001509[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJuly 20, 1978
Designated MSHSJanuary 16, 1976

The Holland Harbor Light, known as BIG RED, is located in Park Township, Michigan at the entrance of a channel connecting Lake Michigan with Lake Macatawa, and which gives access to the city of Holland, Michigan.

The lighthouse is on the south side of the channel. There are two modern lights marking the ends of the breakwaters that extend out into the Lake Michigan beyond the lighthouse.

History

U.S. Coast Guard Archive Photo of Holland Harbor Pierhead Light

After decades of local requests that went unanswered, in 1870 the United States Lighthouse Board finally recommended construction of the first light at Holland Harbor. It was thereupon approved by the U.S. Congress.[2]

The light was replaced by a standard steel beacon in 1902, and in 1907 the Coast Guard built a steam fog signal building with two keeper's rooms adjacent to the beacon. In 1936, the steel beacon light was relocated to Chicago, and the Fresnel lens was moved to a new tower built atop the fog signal building. That created the structure now known as the Holland Harbor Lighthouse. In 1978 the lighthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[3]

Two identical Michigan State Historic Markers were erected in 1987, one on each side of the channel. Historical inaccuracies discovered in the early 2020s by historian and author Valerie van Heest led the Michigan Historical Commision to rewrite the text to improve accuracy and install one new marker at the Holland State Park in May 2026.[4]

Text of the new marker reads: "The Reverend A. C. Van Raalte, leader of a group of Dutch emigrants, founded Holland in 1847 along Lake Macatawa near an Odawa village led by Chief Waukazoo. The Odawa moved to the Leelanau Peninsula in 1848 to protect their culture from the Dutch and avoid smallpox. Lake Macatawa’s outlet into Lake Michigan was difficult to navigate, so Van Raalte appealed to Congress to build a channel. The government surveyed the channel in 1849, but inadequate appropriations prevented its construction. Frustrated, the settlers dug their own channel, completing it in 1860. The government took over harbor development in 1867, adding a navigational beacon in 1870 and a life-saving station in 1886. Resort expansion and increased commercial traffic in the late nineteenth century prompted further improvements to the harbor, which were completed by 1909.

U.S. Coast Guard Archive Photo of the 1902 beacon and 1907 fog signal building
In 1870 the federal government erected a wooden tower with a fifth-order Fresel lens. A prefabricated steel structure replaced the original tower in 1902. A larger fourth order Fresnel lens and adjacent two-story steam-powered fog signal building were added in 1907 and included two keepers’ rooms. The light was later electrified, and an electric air horn replaced the steam whistle in 1934. A tower built atop the fog signal building combined the horn and light into one structure in 1936, resulting in the current lighthouse, which was painted red in 1956 to meet new regulations. The U. S. Coast Guard deemed it obsolete in 1970. To preserve the lighthouse, citizens formed the Holland Harbor Lighthouse Historical Commission in 1974 and began calling it “Big Red.”

Except for its color, it is a virtual twin of the Kewaunee Pierhead Light on the Wisconsin side of Lake Michigan.[5]

In 2007, the United States Department of the Interior announced that the Holland Harbor Light would be protected, making it the 12th Michigan lighthouse to have such status.[6]

Today the nonprofit Holland Harbor Lighthouse Historic Commission owns and operates the lighthouse, serving as its primary steward, advocate, and guardian, responsible for her preservation, maintenance, and ongoing public engagement. It maintains a detailed history at its website bigredlighthouse.com.[7]

Accessibility

Public access to BIG RED is restricted due to the fact one must cross private property to see the lighthouse up close. The best vantage points that are accessible to the general public are from across the channel at Holland State Park.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ↑ Pepper, Terry. "Holland Harbor Light". Seeing the Light: Lighthouses of the Great Lakes. Archived from the original on January 26, 2001. Retrieved July 31, 2026.
  3. ↑ Van Heest, Valerie (2024). Big Red Lighthouse. Holland, Michigan: In-Depth Editions. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-9889772-7-3.
  4. ↑ "New Ottawa Beach marker". May 19, 2026. Retrieved July 31, 2026.
  5. ↑ "Wobser, David, boatnerd.com, Holland Harbor Light". Archived from the original on September 7, 2008. Retrieved June 18, 2008.
  6. ↑ Department of the Interior announces protected status.
  7. ↑ "Learn More". Big Red Lighthouse. HHLHC. Retrieved July 31, 2026.

Further reading

  • Van Heest, Valerie, Big Red Lighthouse-The Illustrated History of Holland Michigan's Famous Icon. (In-Depth Editions, 2024). ISBN 978-0-9889772-7-3.
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20080531005328/http://www.michiganlighthouse.org/bibliography.html Bibliography on Michigan lighthouses.]
  • Crompton, Samuel Willard & Michael J. Rhein, The Ultimate Book of Lighthouses (2002) ISBN 1-59223-102-0; ISBN 978-1-59223-102-7.
  • Hyde, Charles K., and Ann and John Mahan. The Northern Lights: Lighthouses of the Upper Great Lakes. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-8143-2554-8 ISBN 9780814325544.
  • Jones, Ray & Bruce Roberts, American Lighthouses (Globe Pequot, September 1, 1998, 1st Ed.) ISBN 0-7627-0324-5; ISBN 978-0-7627-0324-1.
  • Jones, Ray,The Lighthouse Encyclopedia, The Definitive Reference (Globe Pequot, January 1, 2004, 1st ed.) ISBN 0-7627-2735-7; ISBN 978-0-7627-2735-3.
  • Noble, Dennis, Lighthouses & Keepers: U. S. Lighthouse Service and Its Legacy (Annapolis: U. S. Naval Institute Press, 1997). ISBN 1-55750-638-8; ISBN 978-1-55750-638-2.
  • Oleszewski, Wes, Great Lakes Lighthouses, American and Canadian: A Comprehensive Directory/Guide to Great Lakes Lighthouses, (Gwinn, Michigan: Avery Color Studios, Inc., 1998) ISBN 0-932212-98-0.
  • Penrod, John, Lighthouses of Michigan, (Berrien Center, Michigan: Penrod/Hiawatha, 1998) ISBN 978-0-942618-78-5 ISBN 9781893624238.
  • Pepper, Terry. "Seeing the Light: Lighthouses on the western Great Lakes". Archived from the original on January 30, 2008.
  • Putnam, George R., Lighthouses and Lightships of the United States, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1933).
  • United States Coast Guard, Aids to Navigation, (Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1945).
  • Price, Scott T. "U. S. Coast Guard Aids to Navigation: A Historical Bibliography". United States Coast Guard Historian's Office. Archived from the original on May 30, 2008.
  • U.S. Coast Guard, Historically Famous Lighthouses (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1957).
  • Wagner, John L. "Beacons Shining in the Night: The Lighthouses of Michigan". Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University.
  • Wagner, John L., Michigan Lighthouses: An Aerial Photographic Perspective, (East Lansing, Michigan: John L. Wagner, 1998) ISBN 1-880311-01-1 ISBN 9781880311011.
  • Wargin, Ed, Legends of Light: A Michigan Lighthouse Portfolio (Ann Arbor Media Group, 2006). ISBN 978-1-58726-251-7.
  • Wright, Larry and Wright, Patricia, Great Lakes Lighthouses Encyclopedia Hardback (Erin: Boston Mills Press, 2006) ISBN 1-55046-399-3
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