Hemisyntrachelus
| Hemisyntrachelus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Hemisyntrachelus cortesii skull | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Infraclass: | Placentalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Infraorder: | Cetacea |
| Family: | Delphinidae |
| Subfamily: | Orcininae |
| Genus: | †Hemisyntrachelus Brandt 1873 |
| Species | |
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| Synonyms | |
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Delphinus cortesii | |
Hemisyntrachelus is an extinct genus of cetacean. This genus is known in the fossil record from the latest Miocene to the Quaternary (age range: from 5.332 to 1.806 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata of Italy, the Netherlands, the Bahía Inglesa Formation of the Caldera Basin, Chile and in the fossiliferous Pisco Formation of Peru. It is estimated to have a body length of 3.5–4.3 m (11–14 ft).[1]
Paleobiology
Hemisyntrachelus occupied an ecological niche similar to that of modern false killer whale and bottlenose dolphin.[2] Hemisyntrachelus likely consumed a diverse diet ranging from medium to large bony fish and squid to small marine mammals. It is thought to have had a diet similar to that of modern false killer whales and to have engaged in opportunistic hunting.[2][3][4] Fossil evidence suggests that Hemisyntrachelus was preyed upon by sharks such as the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) and the related Carcharodon plicatilis. It is possible that they formed groups similar to modern dolphins to defend against these predators.[5]
References
- ↑ Bianucci, G. (1997). "Hemisyntrachelus cortesii (Cetacea, Delphinidae) from the Pliocene sediments of Campore Quarry (Salsomaggiore Terme, Italy)". Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Ltaliana (1–2): 75–83. ISSN 0375-7633.
- 1 2 Dominici, S.; Danise, S.; Benvenuti, M. (2018). "Pliocene Stratigraphic Paleobiology in Tuscany and the Fossil Record of Marine Megafauna". Earth-Science Reviews. 176: 23–24. Bibcode:2018ESRv..176..277D. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.09.018. hdl:2158/1139176.
- ↑ Citron, Sara (2019). A reappraisal of Orcinus citoniensis, the earliest killer whale: osteoanatomy, phylogeny and palaeoecology (MSc). Università di Pisa.
- ↑ Garassino, A.; Pasini, G.; de Angeli, A.; Charbonnier, S.; Famiani, F.; Baldanza, A.; Bizzari, R. (2012). "The decapod community from the Early Pliocene (Zanclean) of "La Serra" quarry (San Miniato, Pisa, Toscana, central Italy): sedimentology, systematics, and palaeoenvironmental implications" (PDF). Annales de Paléontologie. 98 (1): 1–62. Bibcode:2012AnPal..98....1G. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2012.02.001. ISSN 0753-3969.
- ↑ Collareta A, Casati S, Di Cencio A, Bianucci G (October 2023). "The Deep Past of the White Shark, Carcharodon carcharias, in the Mediterranean Sea: A Synthesis of Its Palaeobiology and Palaeoecology". Life (Basel). 13 (10): 2085. doi:10.3390/life13102085. PMC 10608139. PMID 37895466.
Further reading
- Bianucci, G.; Sorbi, S.; Suarez, M.E.; Landini, W. (2006). "The southernmost sirenian record in the eastern Pacific Ocean, from the Late Miocene of Chile". Systematic Palaeontology. 5: 945–952.