Zinc phosphate

Zinc phosphate
Zinc phosphate
Zinc phosphate
Names
IUPAC name
Zinc phosphate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.040
RTECS number
  • TD0590000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/2H3O4P.3Zn/c2*1-5(2,3)4;;;/h2*(H3,1,2,3,4);;;/q;;3*+2/p-6 checkY
    Key: LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H checkY
  • InChI=1/2H3O4P.3Zn/c2*1-5(2,3)4;;;/h2*(H3,1,2,3,4);;;/q;;3*+2/p-6
    Key: LRXTYHSAJDENHV-CYFPFDDLAR
  • [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)[O-].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O
Properties[1]
  • Zn3(PO4)2 (anhydrous)
  • Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O (tetrahydrate)
Molar mass
  • 386.17 g⋅mol−1 (anhydrous)
  • 458.231 g⋅mol−1 (tetrahydrate)
Appearance
  • white monoclinic crystals
  • colorless orthorhombic crystals
Density 4.0 g/cm3
Melting point 900 °C (1,650 °F; 1,170 K)
insoluble
−141.0×10−6 cm3/mol
1.595
Structure
monoclinic
Thermochemistry
−2891.2 ± 3.3
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkYX markN ?)
Infobox references

Zinc phosphate is an inorganic compound with the formula Zn3(PO4)2. This white powder is widely used as a corrosion resistant coating on metal surfaces either as part of an electroplating process or applied as a primer pigment (see also red lead). It has largely displaced toxic materials based on lead or chromium, and by 2006 it had become the most commonly used corrosion inhibitor.[2][3] Zinc phosphate coats better on a crystalline structure than bare metal, so a seeding agent is often used as a pre-treatment. One common pre-treatment agent is sodium pyrophosphate.[4]

Minerals

Natural forms of zinc phosphate include minerals hopeite[5] and parahopeite[6]. A somewhat similar mineral is natural hydrous zinc phosphate called tarbuttite[7], Zn2(PO4)(OH). Both are known from oxidation zones of Zn ore beds and were formed through oxidation of sphalerite by the presence of phosphate-rich solutions. The anhydrous form has not yet been found naturally.

Use

Dentistry

Zinc phosphate cement is the classically used dental cement.[8] It is commonly used for luting permanent metal and zirconium dioxide restorations and as a base for other dental restorations. Zinc phosphate cement is used for cementation of inlays, crowns, bridges, and other orthodontic appliances and occasionally as a temporary restoration.

References

  1. ↑ Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–96, 4–131. ISBN 9781498754293.
  2. ↑ Kalendov´a, A.; Kalenda, P.; Vesel´y, D. (2006). "Comparison of the Efficiency of Inorganic Nonmetal Pigments with Zinc Powder in Anticorrosion Paints". Progress in Organic Coatings. 57. Elsevier: 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.05.015.
  3. ↑ Etzrodt, G. (2012). "Pigments, Inorganic 5. Anticorrosive Pigments". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.n20_n04. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
  4. ↑ Menke, Joseph T. "Zinc Phosphate Coatings on NonFerrous Substrates -- Part I". PFOnline. Archived from the original on 2009-05-02. Retrieved 2006-08-07.
  5. ↑ "Hopeite Mineral Data". webmineral.com. Retrieved 2026-07-03.
  6. ↑ "Parahopeite Mineral Data". webmineral.com. Retrieved 2026-07-03.
  7. ↑ "Tarbuttite Mineral Data". webmineral.com. Retrieved 2026-07-03.
  8. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (2007-07-01). "Dental Cements for Definitive Luting: A Review and Practical Clinical Considerations". Dental Clinics of North America. Dental Materials. 51 (3): 643–658. doi:10.1016/j.cden.2007.04.002. ISSN 0011-8532.


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