William Home, 8th Earl of Home
The Earl of Home | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Home | |
| Born | 1681 |
| Died | 28 April 1761 (aged 79–80) |
| Allegiance | Great Britain |
Branch | British Army |
Service years | 1735–1761 |
Rank | Lieutenant-general |
| Unit | The Queen's Own Regiment of Horse Wade's Regiment of Dragoon Guards |
| Commands | 48th Regiment of Foot 25th Regiment of Foot |
Conflicts | |
Lieutenant-General William Home, 8th Earl of Home (1681 – 28 April 1761) was a British Army officer who served as the governor of Gibraltar from 1757 to 1761. Home was a well-known spendthrift.
Life
William Home was born in 1681. He inherited the peerage of Earl of Home in 1720 on the death of his father, Alexander Home, 7th Earl of Home. Home was commissioned into the British Army's The Queen's Own Regiment of Horse in 1735. He married the wealthy heiress Elizabeth Lawes for her fortune, which derived from Jamaican slave plantations, on 25 December 1742. The couple would have no children, and Home abandoned his wife in February 1743 for unknown reasons, taking a commission as a captain in the Wade's Regiment of Dragoon Guards in July 1743. The couple remained technically married, however, and the Countess of Home went on to become a society figure, entertaining lavishly at her London home, Home House.[1][2]
During the Jacobite rising of 1745, Home fought at the Battle of Prestonpans in 1745 under Lieutenant-general Sir John Cope. Distinguishing himself, he was given command of the Glasgow Volunteers, a two-battalion volunteer regiment which was given orders to defend Stirling. He did well as most of the Jacobite Army were in England making their way to Derby under Charles Edward Stuart. On 11 August 1750 Home became colonel of the 48th Regiment of Foot, transferring on 29 April 1752 to become colonel of the 25th Regiment of Foot until his death.[1][2][3] In 1757 he was made governor of Gibraltar and in 1759 was promoted to lieutenant general.[1]
Home was meant to return to England on 29 April 1761 but he died the day before in Gibraltar.[1] His younger brother Alexander succeeded him as the 9th Earl of Home.[1][4] Despite the separation, his wife Elizabeth retained her title and remained independently wealthy due to her father and first husband until her death in 1784.[5] She was buried in Westminster Abbey. The British government has a portrait of Home in its collection attributed to the British school of painters.[6]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Henderson 2004.
- 1 2 Harris 1997, p. 308.
- ↑ "Earl of Home (S, 1604/5)". cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
- ↑ Lewis 1967, p. 447.
- ↑ Pocock & Cook 2011.
- ↑ Major General William Home (d.1761), 8th Earl of Home, Governor of Gibraltar (1758–1761), BBC, YourPaintings. Retrieved 17 February 2014
- Works cited
- Harris, Eileen (May 1997). "Home House: Adam versus Wyatt". The Burlington Magazine. 139 (1130): 308–321. JSTOR 887311. (subscription required)
- Henderson, T.F. (2004). "Home, William, eighth earl of Home (d. 1761)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13649. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
- Lewis, Lesley (August 1967). "Elizabeth, Countess of Home, and Her House in Portman Square". The Burlington Magazine. 109 (773): 443–453. JSTOR 875377. (subscription required)
- Pocock, Nigel; Cook, Victoria (17 February 2011). "British history in depth: The Business of Enslavement". BBC.
- 1681 births
- 1761 deaths
- Nobility from the Scottish Borders
- British Army lieutenant generals
- Earls of Home
- Scottish representative peers
- British Army personnel of the Jacobite rising of 1745
- 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) officers
- 48th Regiment of Foot officers
- 29th Regiment of Foot officers
- Governors of Gibraltar
- 17th-century Scottish nobility
- 18th-century Scottish nobility