Vaccinium myrsinites

Vaccinium myrsinites
Secure
Secure (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Vaccinium
Section: Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus
Species:
V. myrsinites
Binomial name
Vaccinium myrsinites
Synonyms[2]
  • Cyanococcus myrsinites (Lamarck) Small
  • Vaccinium nitidum Andrews

Vaccinium myrsinites is a North American species of flowering plant in the heath family known by the common name shiny blueberry.

Description

Vaccinium myrsinites is an erect, branching shrub that reaches 1 metre (3+1⁄2 feet) in maximum height. It is rhizomatous and can form very large colonies. Colonies measuring 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) across and over 1,000 years old have been observed.[3] It is generally evergreen, but some forms are deciduous. The stems have angular green twigs. The leathery, green or grayish green, oval leaves are up to roughly 1 centimetre (3⁄8 inch) long and have smooth or vaguely toothed edges. The undersides are glandular.

The flowers are urn-shaped or cylindrical, white to pink or red-tinged, and borne in clusters of up to 8. They may be nearly one centimeter long. The fruit is a black or waxy blue berry up to 8 or 9 millimeters in length containing several seeds.[2][3] It is diploid, with 48 total chromosomes.[4]

Taxonomy

Vaccinium myrsinites is likely a hybrid of two other blueberry species, small cluster blueberry and Darrow's evergreen blueberry. Individuals may resemble one or the other parent species; the "darrowoid" phase is more common in coastal Florida, while the "tenneloid" phase can be found in southern Georgia and northern Florida. This species also hybridizes with many other blueberries.[3]

Distribution and habitat

The species is native to the southeastern United States, including Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida.[5] It may occur as far west as Louisiana.[3]

It grows in several habitat types in the southeastern U.S., including prairies, pine barrens, bog margins, flatwoods, Florida scrub, palmetto communities, and rosemary balds. It also grows in disturbed, clearcut, and fallow cultivated areas. Associated plants include scrub palmetto, netted pawpaw, scrubclover, dodder, Florida blazingstar, scrub mint, tree sparkleberry, saw palmetto, Lyonia, dwarf huckleberry, inkberry, bracken fern, several oaks, many species of pine. The best sites are dry, sandy stretches of acidic soils in full sunlight.[3]

Ecology

In common with many southeastern scrub species, this plant is fire-adapted. It can recover from a fire by sprouting from its rhizome. This is also the way it forms vast colonies of cloned individuals. The plant also reproduces sexually by seed. The seeds are dispersed by animals, which relish the fruits.[3]

Uses

The Seminole used V. myrsinites for food and for a variety of ceremonial and medicinal purposes, including the treatment of "hog sickness", or unconsciousness.[6]

References

  1. ↑ "Vaccinium myrsinites Shiny Blueberry". NatureServe. 5 September 2025. Retrieved 26 September 2025.
  2. 1 2 Flora of North America, Vaccinium myrsinites Lamarck 1783. Shiny blueberry .
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tirmenstein, D. 1990. Vaccinium myrsinites. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
  4. ↑ Redpath, Lauren E.; Aryal, Rishi; Lynch, Nathan; Spencer, Jessica A.; Hulse-Kemp, Amanda M.; Ballington, James R.; Green, Jaimie; Bassil, Nahla; Hummer, Kim; Ranney, Thomas; Ashrafi, Hamid (2022). "Nuclear DNA contents and ploidy levels of North American Vaccinium species and interspecific hybrids". Scientia Horticulturae. 297 110955. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2022.110955. ISSN 0304-4238.
  5. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  6. ↑ Vaccinium myrsinites. University of Michigan Ethnobotany.
This page is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.