Thermoanaerobacterales

Thermoanaerobacterales
Aceticella autotrophica
Aceticella autotrophica
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Kingdom: Bacillati
Phylum: Bacillota
Class: Clostridia
Order: Thermoanaerobacterales
Wiegel 2010
Groups included
Cladistically included but traditionally excluded taxa
Synonyms
  • "Caldanaerobiales"

The Thermoanaerobacterales is a polyphyletic order of bacteria placed within the polyphyletic class Clostridia, and encompassing four families: the Thermoanaerobacteraceae, the Thermodesulfobiaceae, the Thermoanaerobacterales Family III. Incertae Sedis, and the Thermoanaerobacterales Family IV. Incertae Sedis, and various unplaced genera.[1]

This order is noted for the species' abilities to survive in extreme environments without oxygen and of relatively elevated temperatures for a living being (up to 80-90 °C). An example organism in this order is Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus.[2]

Taxonomy

The Thermoanaerobacterales, as previously mentioned, is polyphyletic, and consists of numerous morphologically similar clades:

LPSN[3] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[1] 16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024[4] & 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[5]
  • "Desulfovirgulaceae"
  • "Ammonificales"
    • "Ammonificaceae"
      • Ammonifex Huber & Stetter 1996
      • Desulfothermobacter Frolov et al. 2018
      • Thermodesulfitimonas Slobodkina et al. 2017
  • "Carboxydothermales"
  • "Mahellales"
    • "Mahellaceae"
      • Mahella Bonilla Salinas et al. 2004
  • Moorellales Lv et al. 2020
    • Calderihabitantaceae Lv et al. 2020
      • Calderihabitans Yoneda et al. 2013
    • Desulfitibacteraceae Lv et al. 2020
      • Desulfitibacter Nielsen, Kjeldsen & Ingvorsen 2006
    • Moorellaceae Lv et al. 2020
    • "Thermacetogeniaceae"
  • "Caldicellulosiruptorales" Bing et al. 2023
  • Thermoanaerobacterales Wiegel 2010
  • "Thermodesulfobiales" Cavalier-Smith 2020
  • Thermosediminibacterales Zhang et al. 2019

Phylogeny

16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024[4][6][7] 120 marker proteins based GTDB 10-RS226[5][8][9]

Koleobacterales

Caldicellulosiruptorales *
Caldicellulosiruptoraceae

Caldicellulosiruptor

"Caldanaerobiales" *
Caldanaerobiaceae

Caldanaerobius

"Calorimonadaceae"

Aceticella

Caloribacterium

Calorimonas

Thermoanaerobacterium * [incl. Thermohydrogenium]

Carboxydothermales *
Carboxydothermaceae

Carboxydothermus

Thermacetogeniales *
Thermacetogeniaceae
Ammonificales *
Desulfovirgulaceae

Desulfovirgula

Ammonificaceae

Thermodesulfitimonas

Desulfothermobacter

Ammonifex

"Brockiales"

Dictyoglomales

Thermosediminibacterales *
Tepidanaerobacteraceae

Biomaibacter

Tepidanaerobacter

Thermosediminibacteraceae

Thermovenabulum

Thermosediminibacter

Fervidicola

Caldanaerovirga

Thermovorax

Desulfitibacterales *
Desulfitibacteraceae

Desulfitibacter

Desulfitisporales
Desulfitisporaceae

Desulfitispora

Calderihabitantales *
Calderihabitantaceae

Calderihabitans

Moorellales *
Moorellaceae

Moorella

Zhaonellaceae *

Zhaonella

Syntrophomonadales

Peptococcia

DSM‑12270 *
Thermacetogeniales
Thermacetogeniaceae
Syntrophomonadia

Syntrophomonadales

DSM‑16504 *
Desulfitibacterales
Desulfitibacteraceae

Desulfitibacter

KKC1 *
Calderihabitantales
Calderihabitantaceae

Calderihabitans

JADQBR01 *
JADQBR01
JADQBR01

"Metallumcola"

DULZ01 *
DULZ01
Zhaonellaceae

Zhaonella

"Moorellia" *
Neomoorellales
Neomoorellaceae

"Dehalobacteriia"

Desulfitobacteriia

"Carboxydocellia"

Carboxydocellales

Thermincolia

Thermincolales

"Carboxydothermia" *
Carboxydothermales
Carboxydothermaceae

Carboxydothermus

Desulfotomaculia
Ammonificales *
"Desulforudaceae"

"Ca. Desulfopertinax

"Ca. Desulforudis

Ammonificaceae

Thermodesulfitimonas

Ammonifex

Desulfotomaculales

"Thermosediminibacteria"

Koleobacterales

Thermosediminibacterales *
Tepidanaerobacteraceae

Biomaibacter

Tepidanaerobacter

Thermosediminibacteraceae

Thermovenabulum

Thermosediminibacter

Fervidicola

Caldanaerovirga

Thermovorax

"Thermoanaerobacteria" *
Caldicellulosiruptorales
Caldicellulosiruptoraceae

Caldicellulosiruptor

Thermoanaerobacterales
"Calorimonadaceae"

Calorimonas

Caldanaerobiaceae

Caldanaerobius

Thermoanaerobacteraceae

Aceticella

Thermoanaerobacterium

Thermoanaerobacter
(incl. Caldanaerobacter)

"Clostridiia" s.s.

Note:

  • polyphyletic Thermoanaerobacterales

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Schoch CL; et al. "Thermoanaerobacterales". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2025-06-05.
  2. ↑ C.Michael Hogan. 2010. Extremophile. eds. E.Monosson & C.Cleveland, Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington DC.
  3. ↑ Thermoanaerobacterales in LPSN; Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (29 October 2025). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". Nucleic Acids Research. 53: D1–D12. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1110.
  4. 1 2 "The LTP". Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  5. 1 2 "GTDB release 10-RS226". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
  6. ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  7. ↑ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  8. ↑ "bac120_r226.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
  9. ↑ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
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