Tanais dulongii

Tanais dulongii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Clade: Pancrustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Tanaidacea
Family: Tanaididae
Genus: Tanais
Species:
T. dulongii
Binomial name
Tanais dulongii
(Audouin, 1826)
Synonyms[1]
  • Anatanais gallardoi (Giambiagi, 1922)
  • Crossurus vittatus Rathke, 1843
  • Eupheus ligusticus White, 1847
  • Gammarus dulongii Audouin, 1826
  • Tanais cavolinii Milne-Edwards, 1840
  • Tanais gallardoi Giambiagi, 1922
  • Tanais hirticaudatus Lilljeborg, 1864
  • Tanais tomentosus Krøyer, 1842
  • Tanais vittatus (Rathke, 1843)

Tanais dulongii is a species of malacostracan in the family Tanaididae.[2][1][3][4] It inhabits the shores and shallow waters of the Atlantic coast of Europe and North and South America, the Mediterranean Sea, and south-west Australia (Indian Ocean).[5] Tanais dulongii are small benthic crustaceans[6] that belong to the phylum Arthropoda. They are a bottom dwelling species that are widely distributed across rocky shores and shallow benthic environments. They are known for having the potential to be an indicator species, which could give insight to the overall health and condition of certain marine environments[6].

Description

Tanais dulongii are very small organisms, usually less than 3mm[7] in length. T. dulongii, similar to other Tanaididae, have long segmented bodies, with claw-like appendages called chelipeds. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with males being characterized by having larger chelipeds, and females characterized by having smaller chilepeds along with the presence of ovisacs. Females can further be categorized by their reproductive stages[8] of pre-ovigerous (ovisacs present), ovigerous (marsupium present), and post ovigerous (ovisacs not present).

Reproduction and Development

During their reproductive window, male T. dulongii migrate searching for ovigerous[8] females, who can be found moving around the ocean floor or hiding in tubes or burrows. The female then carries her eggs in a pouch called a marsupium[9] until the eggs are ready to hatch. After fertilization occurs, the offspring are hatched and undergo two early development stages called manca I and II.[8] From there, juvenile T. dulongii develop independently.

Habitat

Like other Tanaididae, T. dulongii are bottom dwellers and are widely distributed across rocky shores, algal habitats, and are frequently found near docs and harbors. They were originally thought to have originated from the Mediterranean coast off of Egypt[10], and have since been observed in oceans worldwide.

Diet

Tanais dulongii are detritivores[11], which feed on detritus, algae, and microorganisms in their benthic environments.

Ecological Relevance

Resent research has marked T. dulongii as a possible indicator species of pollution[11], dissolved oxygen levels, and sewage contamination[12] in marine ecosystems.   

References

  1. 1 2 "Tanais dulongii Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2019-09-25.
  2. ↑ "Tanais dulongii (Audouin, 1826)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  3. ↑ "Tanais dulongii". GBIF. Retrieved 2019-09-25.
  4. ↑ de Kluijver, Mario J. & Sarita S. Ingalsuo. "Tanais dulongii". Macrobenthos of the North Sea – Crustacea. Marine Species Identification Portal. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  5. 1 2 Rumbold, Carlos E.; Obenat, Sandra M.; Spivak, Eduardo D. (2015-06-01). "Comparison of life history traits of Tanais dulongii (Tanaidacea: Tanaididae) in natural and artificial marine environments of the south-western Atlantic". Helgoland Marine Research. 69 (2): 231–242. doi:10.1007/s10152-015-0432-9. hdl:11336/39779. ISSN 1438-3888.
  6. ↑ Spivak, Eduardo D.; Rumbold, Carlos E.; Obenat, Sandra M. (2012-01-01). "Life history of Tanais dulongii (Tanaidacea: Tanaidae) in an intertidal flat in the southwestern Atlantic". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 32 (6): 891–898. doi:10.1163/1937240X-00002094. hdl:11336/71821. ISSN 0278-0372.
  7. 1 2 3 Rumbold, Carlos E.; Obenat, Sandra M.; Spivak, Eduardo D. (2015-06-01). "Comparison of life history traits of Tanais dulongii (Tanaidacea: Tanaididae) in natural and artificial marine environments of the south-western Atlantic". Helgoland Marine Research. 69 (2): 231–242. doi:10.1007/s10152-015-0432-9. hdl:11336/39779. ISSN 1438-3888.
  8. ↑ Rumbold, Obenat, Leonardi, Spivak, Carlos Enrique, Sandra Mabel, María Soledad, Eduardo Daniel (January 2015). "Intersex in the gonochoristic crustacean Tanais dulongii (Audouin, 1826) (Peracarida: Tanaidacea: Tanaididae): a comparison of external reproductive characteristics". Journal of Natural History. 49 (13–14): 775–788 – via Taylor and Francis.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ↑ Rumbold, Carlos E.; Obenat, Sandra M.; Spivak, Eduardo D. (2015-06-01). "Comparison of life history traits of Tanais dulongii (Tanaidacea: Tanaididae) in natural and artificial marine environments of the south-western Atlantic". Helgoland Marine Research. 69 (2): 231–242. doi:10.1007/s10152-015-0432-9. hdl:11336/39779. ISSN 1438-3888.
  10. 1 2 Rumbold, Carlos E.; Obenat, Sandra M.; Spivak, Eduardo D. (2015-06-01). "Comparison of life history traits of Tanais dulongii (Tanaidacea: Tanaididae) in natural and artificial marine environments of the south-western Atlantic". Helgoland Marine Research. 69 (2): 231–242. doi:10.1007/s10152-015-0432-9. hdl:11336/39779. ISSN 1438-3888.
  11. ↑ Saracho Bottero, M. A.; Jaubet, M. L.; Llanos, E. N.; Becherucci, M. E.; Elías, R.; Garaffo, G. V. (2020-07-01). "Spatial-temporal variations of a SW Atlantic macrobenthic community affected by a chronic anthropogenic disturbance". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 156 111189. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111189. ISSN 0025-326X.


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