St Ives Lifeboat Station

St Ives Lifeboat Station
Flag of the RNLI
St Ives lifeboat station and slipway in 2024
St Ives Lifeboat Station is located in Cornwall
St Ives Lifeboat Station
Location within Cornwall
General information
TypeLifeboat station
LocationWharf Road, St Ives, Cornwall, TR26 1LF, United Kingdom
Coordinates50°12′46″N 5°28′46″W / 50.2128°N 5.4795°W / 50.2128; -5.4795
OpenedFirst boat 1840
Present building 1994
OwnerRoyal National Lifeboat Institution
Design and construction
ArchitectPoynton Bradbury Associates
Website
rnli.org/find-my-nearest/lifeboat-stations/st-ives-lifeboat-station

St Ives Lifeboat Station is a Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) station in St Ives, a seaside resort on the north-west coast of Cornwall, England. It is at the foot of Lifeboat Hill, next to West Pier.

The first lifeboat was built for the town in 1840. A new station with a new lifeboat was established by the RNLI in 1861.[1]

The station currently operates a Shannon-class all-weather lifeboat (ALB), 13-11 Nora Stachura (ON 1318), on station since 2015, and the smaller D-class (IB1) inshore lifeboat (ILB), Donald Dean (D-803), on station since 2016.[2]

History

St Ives is an historic fishing port in west Cornwall and offers a sheltered harbour for ships in the open waters of the Western Approaches.

On 24 December 1838, the schooner Rival was trying to enter the harbour in a gale, but came to grief on one of its piers. Despite the lack of proper rescue boats and equipment, after much courage and effort by the people ashore, five people were saved. Five pilots ware awarded the RNIPLS Silver Medal.[3][4]

A meeting was held and it was decided that a proper lifeboat should be built for the town. Local man Francis Adams had recently won a prize from the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society, for designing a double-ended, self-righting lifeboat, and he was commissioned to now build one. The Hope entered service in 1840, assisting the Mary Ann of Poole during a storm on 7 April. In 1848 it was reported that the boat was kept in a shed 400 yards from high water mark and was in the charge of Mr Hockin. There is no record of the services rendered by this boat.[5][6]

By 1860, maybe much earlier, Hope had fallen out of service. The letters of three representatives for St Ives; Mr James Young, Henry Paull, MP, and Lt. Pearson, RN, chief officer of HM Coastguard, requesting that a new lifeboat be stationed at St Ives, and pledging their support, were received by the RNLI, and read at a meeting of the committee of management on Thursday 5 April 1860. With the supporting letter of the Inspector of Lifeboats following his visit to the town, the request was agreed.[7]

Wrecks have frequently happened at St. Ives; and standing as it does at the south entrance of the Bristol Channel, and near the extremity of the peninsula of Cornwall, it is important that the passing trade should be protected by a life-boat there.

A 30 ft (9.1 m) Peake-class self-righting 'Pulling and Sailing' (P&S) lifeboat, one with sails and (10) oars, and costing £157, was placed on service in July 1861. In accordance with the anonymous donor's wishes, the new lifeboat was named Moses. A substantial boathouse was constructed at Porthgwidden near St Ives Head, at the top of Island Road (50°13′00.4″N 5°28′40.1″W / 50.216778°N 5.477806°W / 50.216778; -5.477806), at a cost of £142.[8][9]

Porthgwidden beach should have been an ideal location for launching the lifeboat, but it quickly proved more difficult than expected. It proved equally difficult to negotiate the lifeboat through the narrow lanes of St Ives, such as Fish Street, to take the lifeboat to launch from the harbour. The Porthgwidden boathouse (still standing today as a workshop) was abandoned, with the boat kept on the beach outside the Old Customs House.[10][11]

On 28 October 1865, the lifeboat was launched to the aid of the French brig Providence, which was wrecked on Hayle bar, whilst on passage to Saint-Malo from Cardiff. During the service, the lifeboat capsized twice, but still continued on to rescue four of the five crew. Gold and silver medals were awarded to the coxswain and crew by Napoleon III, Emperor of France, with coxswain Nicholas Levett also receiving the RNLI Silver Medal. This event also prompted the establishment of Hayle Lifeboat Station in 1866.[6][12][13]

In 1866, with the crew expressing a need for a larger boat, a 32 ft (9.8 m) lifeboat with carriage was placed at St Ives, the boat again taking the name Moses. The following year, a replacement boathouse was constructed on Fore Street, at a cost of £190.[14][15]

The 1867 boathouse may have been located on Fore Street, but Wharf Road didn't exist at the time, and the boat could be launched straight to the sea. In 1893/94, West Pier was constructed, and Wharf Road was built along the waters edge, behind all the seaward buildings of Fore Street. Now to launch the lifeboat, it had to be removed from the boathouse, turned 90 degrees, and hauled a short way along Wharf Road, where a slipway had been constructed. A new boathouse in 1911 on the same site replaced the 1867 boathouse, but further works to widen Wharf Street after World War I resulted in the loss of the slipway. From that time, until the creation of a new boathouse and slipway in 1994, the lifeboat would have to be hauled half way along Wharf Road, to the large slipway at the junction with Back Lane. A Case L launch tractor (T35) was only placed at St Ives on the arrival of a new boat in 1940.[11][16]

Motor power

After the lifeboat station at Hayle was closed in 1920, the St Ives boat would now cover a larger area, but this was made easier in 1933 with the arrival of a first motor lifeboat, 24 years after motor-powered lifeboats were first deployed by the RNLI. The boat was the Caroline Parsons (ON 763), costing £3,213, and was essentially a 35-foot 6in self-righting P&S lifeboat, retaining sails and oars, but fitted with a single 35-hp Weyburn AE6 petrol engine.[17]

On 31 January 1938, the Caroline Parsons went out in aid of the SS Alba. 23 people were rescued, but as the lifeboat turned to head home, it was capsized by a large wave. The lifeboat self-righted, but ran aground on the rocks. The lifeboat coxswain and his eight crewmen got ashore safely but five of the rescued men were lost. Coxswain Thomas Cocking was awarded the RNLI Silver Medal, with the rest of the crew, including Thomas' two sons John and Thomas Jr., awarded bronze medals. The Caroline Parsons was withdrawn from service, and soon replaced with another 35-foot 6in self-righting motor-powered lifeboat, John and Sarah Eliza Stych (ON 743).[18][19]

Disaster

Memorial

In the early hours of 23 January 1939, in a force 10 storm with gusts of wind at 100 mph (160 km/h), a large steamship was reported to be in trouble off Cape Cornwall. Due to the state of the low tide, the Sennen Cove lifeboat could not be launched. At 03:00, the John and Sarah Eliza Stych was launched from St Ives into the dark. On board was coxswain Thomas Cocking Sr., his son John Cocking, along with Matthew Barber, William Barber and John Thomas, all of which had been in the Caroline Parsons wreck. The three other crew members were Edgar Bassett, Richard Stevens, and William Freeman, but this time, Thomas Cocking Jr. was not on the crew.[20][21]

AS the lifeboat rounded the St Ives peninsula known as The Island, it met the full force of the storm as it headed westwards. Off Clodgy Point, the boat capsized but self-righted. Of the five men thrown in the water, just William Freeman regained the boat. The engine was restarted, but with a fouled propeller, they drifted back towards The Island. There the anchor was dropped, but the rope parted and the lifeboat capsized and righted a second time. Now with just three crew aboard, the boat now drifted north-eastwards across St Ives Bay towards Godrevy Point, where it capsized for a third time. When it righted, only Freeman was left. He scrambled ashore when the boat was smashed on the rocks.[6][20]

Eight Bronze medals for gallantry were awarded, seven posthumously. Pensions were granted by the Institution to widows and dependents. The station was closed temporarily, until a new Liverpool-class lifeboat Caroline Oates Aver and William Maine (ON 831) arrived on station in 1940. Thomas Cocking Jr. would in turn become Thomas Cocking Sr., and command the lifeboat in the 1970s and 1980s, twice receiving the RNLI silver medal. In 1985, a memorial plaque in stone, formerly placed in the local cemetery, was removed and restored, and re-sited on the external wall of the St Ives lifeboat house.[6][22][23][24]

1960s onwards

In 1962, the number of rescues or attempted rescues by all-weather lifeboats in the summer months was 98, with the number of lives rescued being 133. In 1963, in response to an increasing amount of water-based leisure activity, the RNLI began trials of small fast inshore lifeboats, placed at various locations around the country. These were easily launched with just a few people, ideal to respond quickly to local emergencies. This quickly proved to be very successful. In 1963, there were 226 rescues or attempted rescues in the summer months, as a result of which 225 lives were saved.[25]

One of the first places to trial one of the new inshore lifeboats was St Ives, with a D-class inshore lifeboat placed on temporary duty in connection with the St Ives Live-Saving Association. The inshore lifeboat was made a permanent addition to the station in April 1964, and was kept in a building in the Sloop Car Park on West Hill.[6]

In 1990, the new St Ives lifeboat arrived, a Mersey-class all-weather lifeboat 12-009 The Princess Royal (Civil Service No. 41) (ON 1167), costing £445,432, funded by contributions from civil servants and employees of the Post Office and British Telecom, via the Civil Service, Post Office and British Telecom Lifeboat Fund (CISPOTEL). The boat, with its carriage and Talus MB-H amphibious tractor, was too large to fit in the existing boathouse, and so work commenced to plan and build a whole new station and slipway, yards away from the existing station. Building works started on 4 October 1993, and was completed on 27 May 1994. As well as providing a boat-hall large enough for the Mersey-class lifeboat and tractor, along with up-to-date crew facilities, office, workshop, and a souvenir outlet, accommodation was also provided for the inshore lifeboat.[10][11]

The building, projected cost £1.3 million, was funded primarily from a specific bequest from Mrs Eugenie Boucher, a native of Penza in south-east Russia, who left £3.5 million for the provision of boathouses. The eight new or refurbished boathouses are known as "Penza" boathouses within the RNLI.[10]

Shannon-class lifeboat, 13-11 Nora Stachura (ON 1318) with SLARS launch vehicle

Further work was carried out in 2015, including widening the main doorway, ready for the arrival of a new Shannon-class all-weather lifeboat, 13-11 Nora Stachura (ON 1318), and its SLARS launch vehicle.[6][26]

The new lifeboat was primarily funded from the legacy of Nora Stachura of Swindon, and was formally named at a ceremony on 15 May 2026. The SLARS unit was funded from the legacy of Kenneth George Fulford, and was named in his honour.[27]

Also in 2016, the station saw the arrival of its latest D-class (IB1) inshore lifeboat, Donald Dean (D-803). Doctor Donald Dean (1927–2013) spent a career in medicine, although working for BP and later for the UK Chamber of Shipping. After his death, his legacy established the Donald Dean Foundation, which is used for charitable purposes.[28]

In 2025, the 10-year-old SLARS launch vehicle (SC-T08) was sent for a planned refit, with a new unit (SC-T28) sent to the station. In an operation during the high spring tide on 15 February, the two launch vehicles were swapped by sea, with the aid of a landing craft.[29]

Description

The lifeboat house is situated at the landward end of West Pier facing a slipway into the harbour. Both boats are kept inside on carriages and launched with the aid of tractors. The building is built in local granite to blend in with its surroundings. A large central portion houses the ALB. It is flanked by two wings, that on the harbour side for the ILB, the one on the town side is used as a fund-raising gift shop.

Area of operation

The Shannon-class lifeboat at St Ives has an operating range of 250 nmi (460 km) and a top speed of 27 knots (31 mph; 50 km/h).[30] Adjacent all-weather lifeboats are at Padstow to the east, and Sennen Cove to the west. There is also an inshore lifeboat to the east at St Agnes.[2]

Station honours

The following are awards made at St Ives:[6][31]

Awards of the Institution

  • RNIPLS Silver Medal
    Capt. James Berriman, master mariner, pilot – 1839
    Capt. Michael Welsh, master mariner, pilot – 1839
    Capt. Richard Paynter, master mariner, pilot – 1839
    Capt. Edward Richards, master mariner, pilot – 1839
    Capt. Thomas Richards, master mariner, pilot – 1839
  • RNLI Silver Medal
    Paul Curnow, coxswain – 1871
    Charles Martin, chief officer, H.M. Coastguard, St Ives – 1873
    James Murphy, commissioned boatswain, H.M. Coastguard, St Ives – 1873
    James Murphy, second coxswain – 1880 (second-service clasp)
    Paul Curnow, coxswain – 1889 (second-service clasp)
    Thomas Stevens, coxswain – 1916
    Henry Escott, company quarter master sergeant, Royal Artillery Garrison – 1919
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1938
    William Peters, coxswain – 1946
    Michael Peters, motor mechanic – 1958
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1978
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1984 (second-service clasp)
  • The Maud Smith award
    (for the bravest act of lifesaving during the year by a member of a lifeboat crew)
    Michael Peters, motor mechanic – 1958
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1984
  • RNLI Bronze Medal
    William Peters, second coxswain – 1938
    John Bassett Cocking, asst. mechanic – 1938
    Matthew Stevens Barber, bowman – 1938
    John Thomas, signalman – 1938
    William Bryant Barber, crew member – 1938
    Thomas Cocking Jr., crew member – 1938
    Phillip Paynter, crew member – 1938
    Henry Peters, crew member – 1938
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1939 (post.)
    Matthew Stevens Barber, acting second coxswain – 1939 (second-service clasp) (post.)
    William Bryant Barber, acting bowman – 1939 (second-service clasp) (post.)
    Richard Quick Stevens, mechanic – 1939 (post.)
    John Bassett Cocking, asst, mechanic – 1939 (second-service clasp) (post.)
    John Thomas, signalman – 1939 (second-service clasp) (post.)
    Edgar Bassett, crew member – 1939 (post.)
    William Freeman, crew member – 1939
    Dan Roach, coxswain – 1958
    Dan Paynter Jr., signalman – 1958
    Eric Thomas Ward, helm – 1982
    Eric Thomas Ward, helm – 1982 (second-service clasp)
  • The Thanks of the Institution inscribed on Vellum
    Robert Wedge, coxswain – 1921
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1975
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1977
    St Ives Lifeboat Crew – 1978
    William Thomas, crew member – 1982
    Philip Allen, crew member – 1982
    Thomas Cocking Jr., crew member – 1982
    John Stevens, crew member – 1982
  • Framed letters of thanks signed by the chairman of the institution
    Helm and crew – 1968
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain – 1972
    J. Tanner, tractor driver – 1980
    J. Benney, head launcher – 1980
    Philip Allen, helm – 1981
    Coxswain and crew of the St Ives lifeboat – 1989
  • Letters of appreciation signed by the director of the institution
    Thomas Cocking, Sr, coxswain – 1980
    I. Lowe, helicopter crew – 1981
    I. Tanner, helicopter crew – 1981
    Commanding officer, RNAS Culdrose – 1981
  • Special framed certificate (Fastnet Race)
    St Ives Lifeboat – 1979

Other awards

  • Gold watch, awarded by the United States government
    Thomas Cocking, coxswain – 1936
  • Monetary award, awarded by the United States government
    St Ives Lifeboat Crew – 1936
  • Letter of thanks, from the Italian government
    St Ives Lifeboat Crew – 1936
  • Resuscitation Certificate, awarded by the Royal Humane Society
    Michael Peters, motor mechanic – 1958

Roll of honour

In memory of those lost whilst serving at St Ives:[6]

  • Lost when the lifeboat John and Sarah Eliza Stych (ON 743) capsized three times, 23 January 1939
    Thomas Cocking Sr., coxswain (64)
    Matthew Stevens Barber, acting second coxswain (30)
    William Bryant Barber, acting bowman (37)
    Edgar Bassett, crew member (30)
    John Bassett Cocking, asst, mechanic (38)
    Richard Quick Stevens, mechanic (36)
    John Thomas, signalman (42)

St Ives lifeboats

Pulling and sailing (P&S) lifeboats

On station[32] ON[a] Name Built Class Comments[32][33]
1840–1861 — Hope 1840 30-foot Adams non-self-righting [Note 1]
An 'unsinkable' lifeboat design by Francis Adams that won a competition held by the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society.[34][35]
1861–1866 Pre-375 Moses 1860 30-foot Peake Self-righting (P&S) [Note 2][34]
Sold in 1866
1866–1870 Pre-468 Moses 1866 32-foot Prowse self-righting (P&S) [Note 3]
Renamed Covent Garden in 1870.
1870–1878 Covent Garden [Note 4]
Renamed Exeter in 1878
1878–1886 Exeter [Note 5][20][34][36]
Broken up in 1886.
1886-1899 50 Exeter 1886 34-foot self-righting (P&S) [Note 6]
Broken up in 1900.
1900–1933 435 James Stevens No. 10 1899 37-foot self-righting (P&S) [Note 7]
Sold 1933. Renamed Patricia Mary. Sunk in the Hayle Estuary on 30 December 2015. Now fully restored as James Stevens No. 10 at Scarborough, December 2024.[37]
Pre ON numbers are unofficial numbers used by the Lifeboat Enthusiasts' Society to reference early lifeboats not included on the official RNLI list.

Motor and all-weather lifeboats

On station[38] ON[a] Op.No.[b] Name Built Class Comments[38]
1933–1938 763 – Caroline Parsons 1933 35-foot 6in self-righting (motor) Wrecked on service, 31 January 1938.
1938–1939 743 – John and Sarah Eliza Stych 1931 35-foot 6in self-righting (motor) Previously at Padstow. Wrecked on service, 23 January 1939.
1940–1948 831 – Caroline Oates Aver and William Maine 1939 Liverpool Transferred to Ferryside.
1948–1968 861 – Edgar George Orlando and Eva Child 1948 Liverpool Transferred to the relief fleet, later at Blackpool.
1968–1989 992 37-21 Frank Penfold Marshall 1968 Oakley Broken up at Southampton, December 1989.
1989–1989 984 37-17 Mary Joicey 1966 Oakley First stationed at Newbiggin in 1966. Sold in 1989. Preserved at Newbiggin Maritime Centre, December 2025.
1989–1990 973 37-06 Fairlight 1964 Oakley Previously at Hastings. Later at New Quay.
1990–2015 1167 12-009 The Princess Royal (Civil Service No. 41) 1990 Mersey Sold in 2016. Renamed Ulidia with Coleraine Harbour Commissioners, November 2025.
2015– 1318 13-11 Nora Stachura 2015 Shannon [27]

More post-service details can be found on the respective lifeboat class pages.

Inshore lifeboats

On station[39] Op.No.[b] Name Type Comments[39]
1964 D-5 Unnamed D-class (RFD PB16) Initially stationed at Redcar in 1963.
1965–1966 D-16 Unnamed D-class (RFD PB16) Initially stationed at Pwllheli in 1964.
1966–1967 D-26 Unnamed D-class (RFD PB16) Initially stationed at Walmer in 1965.
1967–1977 D-142 Unnamed D-class (RFD PB16)
1978–1986 D-256 Lion Club I D-class (Zodiac III)
1986–1995 C-516 Belsize Charitable Trust C-class (Zodiac Grand Raid IV)
1995–1996 D-339 Unnamed D-class (EA16) Initially stationed at New Quay in 1987.
1996–1997 D-483 C. John Morris DFC D-class (EA16) Initially deployed in the relief fleet from 1995.
1997–2007 D-515 Spirit of the RCT D-class (EA16)
2007–2016 D-668 Colin Bramley Parker D-class (IB1)
2016– D-803 Donald Dean D-class (IB1) [28]

Launch and recovery tractors

On station[40] Op.No.[b] Reg. No. Type Comments
1940–1954 T35 FYM 558 Case L
1954–1962 T60 OXO 323 Fowler Challenger III
1962–1967 T56 MYR 426 Fowler Challenger III
1967–1968 T61 PLA 561 Fowler Challenger III
1968–1971 T78 BYN 568B Case 1000D
1971–1973 T74 136 HLC Case 1000D
1973–1978 T77 BGO 681B Case 1000D
1978–1985 T81 DLB 483C Case 1000D
1985–1986 T80 DLB 482C Case 1000D
1986–1989 T87 WEL 300S Talus MBC Case 1150B
1989–1997 T108 F133 FUJ Talus MB-H Crawler
1997–2006 T118 M224 SNT Talus MB-H Crawler
2006–2015 T113 J794 VUX Talus MB-H Crawler
2013–2022 TT22 HG63 VCD Tooltrak
2022– TT16 WR13 TNN Tooltrak
2015–2025 SC-T08 HF15 FRX SLARS (Supacat) Named Kenneth George Fulford
2025– SC-T28 HF72 FXD SLARS (Clayton) Unnamed[29]
  1. 1 2 ON is the RNLI's official number of the boat.
  2. 1 2 3 Op.No. is the RNLI's operational number of the boat carried on the hull.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 30 ft 0 in (9.14 m) x 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) (8/12-oared) Adams-class self-righting (P&S) lifeboat, funded by local subscription, built by Francis Adams of St Ives, costing £120.
  2. ↑ 30 ft 0 in (9.14 m) x 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m) (10-oared) Peake-class self-righting (P&S) lifeboat, gift of an anonymous lady of Durham, built by Forrestt of Limehouse, London, costing £157.
  3. ↑ 32 ft 0 in (9.75 m) x 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m) (10-oared) Prowse-class self-righting (P&S) lifeboat, gift of an anonymous lady of Durham, built by Forrestt of Limehouse, London, costing £259.
  4. ↑ Gift of the Covent Garden LB fund.
  5. ↑ Legacy of Mr W. Kendall of Exeter
  6. ↑ 34 ft 0 in (10.36 m) x 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) (10-oared) self-righting (P&S) lifeboat, legacy of Mr W. Kendall of Exeter, built by Woolfe of Shadwell, London, costing £297.
  7. ↑ 37 ft 0 in (11.28 m) x 9 ft 3 in (2.82 m) (12-oared) self-righting (P&S) lifeboat, legacy of Mr J. Stevens of Birmingham, built by Thames Ironworks of Blackwall, London, costing £834.

References

  1. ↑ Leonard, Richie; Denton, Tony (2026). Lifeboat Enthusiasts Handbook 2026. Lifeboat Enthusiasts' Society. p. 103.
  2. 1 2 Leonard & Denton 2026, p. 112.
  3. ↑ "St. Ives - Noble Conduct of the Pilots and Fishermen". The Times. No. 16929. London. 3 January 1839. col. A, p. 7.
  4. ↑ Cox 1998, p. 64.
  5. ↑ Leach, Nicholas (2006) [2000]. Cornwall's Lifeboat Heritage. Chacewater: Twelveheads Press. pp. 6–8. ISBN 0-906294436.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "St Ives' station history". St Ives Lifeboat Station. RNLI. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
  7. ↑ "Summary of the Meetings of the Committee". The Life-boat. IV (38): 347. 1 October 1860. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
  8. ↑ "New Stations and Additional Life-Boats". The Life-boat. IV (42): 492. 1 October 1861. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
  9. ↑ "Annual Report 1861". The Life-boat. IV (40): 384. 1 April 1861. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
  10. 1 2 3 Allan, David; Smith, Tony (August 2005). R.N.L.I. St Ives, Past-Present-Future (Reprint ed.). The St Ives Printing and Publishing Company. pp. 10, 44. ISBN 0-948385200.
  11. 1 2 3 Leach 2006, p. 45.
  12. ↑ "Noble Life-boat Services". The Standard. No. 12864. London. 31 October 1865. p. 6.
  13. ↑ Cox 1998, p. 138.
  14. ↑ "Additional Stations and New Life-Boats". The Life-boat. VI (62): 217. 1 October 1866. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
  15. ↑ "Annual Report 1868". The Life-boat. VI (68): 530. 1 April 1868. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
  16. ↑ Leonard & Denton 2026, p. 86.
  17. ↑ Morris, Jeff (2008). List of British Lifeboats Part 3 (Third ed.). Lifeboat Enthusiasts' Society. p. 25.
  18. ↑ Cox 1998, p. 272.
  19. ↑ Leonard & Denton 2026, p. 30.
  20. 1 2 3 Bray, Lena; Bray, Donald (1992) [1981]. St Ives Heritage (2nd ed.). Devoran: Landfall Publications. pp. 24–27. ISBN 1-873443064.
  21. ↑ Leach 2006, pp. 31–32.
  22. ↑ Cox 1998, p. 275.
  23. ↑ Leonard & Denton 2026, p. 34.
  24. ↑ Kipling, Ray; Kipling, Susannah (2006). Never Turn Back. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. pp. 179–184. ISBN 0-750943076.
  25. ↑ "Notes of the Quarter". The Life-boat. XXXVII (406): 553. December 1963. Retrieved 19 July 2026.
  26. ↑ Leonard & Denton 2026, p. 55.
  27. 1 2 Smith, Chloe (20 May 2016). "St Ives RNLI officially welcomes new Shannon class lifeboat". RNLI. Retrieved 20 July 2026.
  28. 1 2 "St Ives RNLI officially welcome their new inshore lifeboat". RNLI. 21 May 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
  29. 1 2 "St Ives RNLI welcomes its new Shannon lifeboat launch and recovery equipment". RNLI. 18 February 2025. Retrieved 20 July 2026.
  30. ↑ Wake-Walker, Edward (2008). The Lifeboats Story. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. p. 112. ISBN 978-0750948586.
  31. ↑ Cox, Barry (1998). Lifeboat Gallantry. Spink & Son Ltd. ISBN 0907605893.
  32. 1 2 Farr, Grahame; Morris, Jeff (1992). List of British Lifeboats Part 1 & 2 (Second ed.). Lifeboat Enthusiasts' Society. pp. 26, 36, 43, 51, 58.
  33. ↑ Leonard, Richie; Denton, Tony (2025). Lifeboat Enthusiasts Handbook 2025. Lifeboat Enthusiasts' Society. p. 112.
  34. 1 2 3 Noall, Cyril; Farr, Grahame (1965). Wreck and Rescue Round the Cornish Coast. Vol. 2. D. Bradford Barton. pp. 44–45.
  35. ↑ Leach 2006, p. 7.
  36. ↑ "St Ives". The Cornishman. No. 344. 19 February 1885.
  37. ↑ "James Stevens No 10 lifeboat sinks in Hayle Estuary". BBC News. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
  38. 1 2 Leonard & Denton 2026, pp. 30–55.
  39. 1 2 Leonard & Denton 2026, pp. 68–81, 84.
  40. ↑ Leonard & Denton 2026, pp. 86–89, 95–96.
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