Scarab (fraternity)

Scarab
Scarab
Founded	February 25, 1909; University of Illinois
Type	Professional
Former affiliation	PFA
Status	Defunct
Defunct date	c. 1975
Emphasis	Architecture
Scope	National
Colors	Yale Blue
Publication	Scarab Bulletin; The Hieratic
Chapters	16
Headquarters	; United States

Scarab was a professional fraternity in the field of architecture. It was founded in 1909 at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as the first group of its kind for architecture.^[1]

History

Scarab was founded on February 25, 1909, at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.^[1] Its members were students of architecture, landscape architecture, or architectural engineering.^[2]

Annually, each chapter held an exhibition of its best work.^[3] Chapters also issued a bronze or silver medal annually for excellence in architectural design in a competition that was open to any student at its institution.^[3]^[4] The national fraternity sponsored the annual Scarab National Competition.^[2]

The fraternity was governed by a supreme council that met during the annual convention.^[2] Its publication was The Hieratic. It also published the Scarab Bulletin twice a year.^[2]

Archival materials related to Scarab are housed at Carnegie Mellon University Libraries, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Archives, and the University of Illinois Archives.^[5]^[6]^[7]

It is unknown when most chapters ceased operations; the mother chapter, at Illinois, ceased activity circa 1971.

Symbols and Traditions

The color for Scarab is Yale Blue.^[8]

Chapter list

Scarab's chapters were called temples.^[2] A list of its temples follows.^[9]^[10]

Temple	Charter date and range	Institution	Location	Status	Ref.
Karnak	February 25, 1909 – c. 1971	University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign	Urbana and Champaign, Illinois	Inactive	^[7]
Ipsamboul	1914	Washington University in St. Louis	St. Louis County, Missouri	Inactive
Edfou	1915-1942	Illinois Institute of Technology	Chicago, Illinois	Inactive	^[11]^[a]
Thebes	1916	Pennsylvania State University	University Park, Pennsylvania	Inactive
Philae	1920	Carnegie Mellon University	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	Inactive
Luxor	1921–c. 1927	Massachusetts Institute of Technology	Cambridge, Massachusetts	Inactive	^[10]^[2]
Abydos	1921	University of Kansas	Lawrence, Kansas	Inactive	^[12]^[b]
Ammon	1926	George Washington University	Washington, D.C.	Inactive
Khons	1926	University of Minnesota	Minneapolis, Minnesota	Inactive
Isis	1927	University of Southern California	Los Angeles, California	Inactive
Hathor	1928	University of Virginia	Charlottesville, Virginia	Inactive
Osiris	1929	University of Cincinnati	Cincinnati, Ohio	Inactive
Horus	1932	Washington State University	Pullman, Washington	Inactive
Khufu	1931 - 19xx ; February 5, 1946	Auburn University	Auburn, Alabama	Inactive	^[13]^[14]^[c]^[15]^[16]
Anubis	1954	California State Polytechnic University, Pomona	Pomona, California	Inactive	^[d]^[17]
Amenkotep	1955	Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute	Troy, New York	Inactive

Notes

↑ Withdrew from National Scarab because of the national fraternity’s membership restriction to "men of the Aryan race and Christian religion."
↑ Absorbed Alpha Kappa Chi.
↑ Formerly local Botegha founded in 1919, charter petition accepted by Scarab Convention November 23-24, 1931 at Cincinnati, Ohio
↑ Cal Poly-Pomona was the southern campus of Cal Poly-San Luis Obispo when this chapter was formed.

Notable members

William Francis Cody, architect^[18]
Raymond Eastwood, artist^[19]^[20]
A. (Abraham) William Hajjar, architect
Robert A. Kennard, African American architect^[21]^[22]^[23]
Robert E. Langdon Jr., architect^[24]
Arthur Silvers, African American architect^[21]^[25]
Louis Sullivan, architect^[4]
Gordon Greenfield Wittenberg, architect^[26]

References

1 2 Professional Fraternities by Professional Interfraternity Conference - 1950
- Pencil Points. Reinhold. 1922. p. 40.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Shepardson, Francis Wayland, ed. (1927). "Scarab". Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (11th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: The Collegiate Press/George Banta Publishing Company. p. 322 – via HathiTrust.
1 2 Scarab | The Kansas Engineer. Vol. 7. May 1922. p. 23.
1 2 Leimkuehler, F. Ray (May 1921). "The Scarab Fraternity". Pencil Points. 2 (5): 33 – via Google Books.
↑ "Scarab Society (Architectural Professional Fraternity), c1919-1937". Carnegie Mellon University Libraries. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
↑ "Scarab (Architecture Honorary Society), 1960 | Guides to Institute Records and Manuscript Collections". Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Archives. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
1 2 "Scarab Records, 1953-71 | University of Illinois Archives". University of Illinois Archives Holdings Database. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
↑ The Illio, 1917 (PDF). p. 271.
↑ Lasher, George Starr, ed. (1957). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (16th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: George Banta Co. p. 442. OCLC 19297015.
1 2 A survey of the national policies of professional fraternities ... Chicago: The Professional Interfraternity Council. April 1934. p. 26.
↑ "Illinois Tech Department of Architecture, 1941-1948".
↑ Organizations | The Kansas Engineer. Vol. 7. April 1921. p. 51.
↑ 1946-02-20 The Auburn Plainsman
↑ 1935-03-13 The Auburn Plainsman
↑ 1931: Catalog of the Alabama Polytechnic Institute
↑ 1931-12-02 The Plainsman
↑ El Rodeo yearbook. Associated Students of California State Polytechnic College, San Luis Obispo. 1954. p. 115.
↑ Cody, Catherine; Lauria, Jo; Choi, Don (2021-09-14). Master of the Midcentury: The Architecture of William F. Cody. The Monacelli Press, LLC. p. 276. ISBN 978-1-58093-530-2.
↑ "Raymond Eastwood – U.S. Department of State". Retrieved 2023-02-03.
↑ "Raymond Eastwood - Biography". www.askart.com. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
1 2 "Arthur Silvers | Los Angeles Conservancy". www.laconservancy.org. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
↑ "Robert A. Kennard | BEYOND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT". BeyondtheBuilt.com. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
↑ "Robert Kennard". www.docomomo-us.org. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
↑ "La Loma Road Mid-Century Modern Built By Noted Architect Robert Langdon Under Consideration as City Landmark – Pasadena Now". www.pasadenanow.com. September 19, 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
↑ Stewart, Jocelyn Y. (2008-01-26). "Architect fought against discrimination". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
↑ Satterfield, W. W. "Gordon Greenfield Wittenberg (1921–2020)". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[12] Withdrew from National Scarab because of the national fraternity’s membership restriction to "men of the Aryan race and Christian religion."

[14] Absorbed Alpha Kappa Chi.

[17] Formerly local Botegha founded in 1919, charter petition accepted by Scarab Convention November 23-24, 1931 at Cincinnati, Ohio

[20] Cal Poly-Pomona was the southern campus of Cal Poly-San Luis Obispo when this chapter was formed.

[:4-1] 1 2 Professional Fraternities by Professional Interfraternity Conference - 1950
- Pencil Points. Reinhold. 1922. p. 40.

[:1-2] 1 2 3 4 5 6 Shepardson, Francis Wayland, ed. (1927). "Scarab". Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (11th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: The Collegiate Press/George Banta Publishing Company. p. 322 – via HathiTrust.

[:2-3] 1 2 Scarab | The Kansas Engineer. Vol. 7. May 1922. p. 23.

[:3-4] 1 2 Leimkuehler, F. Ray (May 1921). "The Scarab Fraternity". Pencil Points. 2 (5): 33 – via Google Books.

[5] "Scarab Society (Architectural Professional Fraternity), c1919-1937". Carnegie Mellon University Libraries. Retrieved February 3, 2023.

[6] "Scarab (Architecture Honorary Society), 1960 | Guides to Institute Records and Manuscript Collections". Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Archives. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[:5-7] 1 2 "Scarab Records, 1953-71 | University of Illinois Archives". University of Illinois Archives Holdings Database. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[8] The Illio, 1917 (PDF). p. 271.

[9] Lasher, George Starr, ed. (1957). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (16th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: George Banta Co. p. 442. OCLC 19297015.

[:0-10] 1 2 A survey of the national policies of professional fraternities ... Chicago: The Professional Interfraternity Council. April 1934. p. 26.

[11] "Illinois Tech Department of Architecture, 1941-1948".

[13] Organizations | The Kansas Engineer. Vol. 7. April 1921. p. 51.

[15] 1946-02-20 The Auburn Plainsman

[16] 1935-03-13 The Auburn Plainsman

[18] 1931: Catalog of the Alabama Polytechnic Institute

[19] 1931-12-02 The Plainsman

[21] El Rodeo yearbook. Associated Students of California State Polytechnic College, San Luis Obispo. 1954. p. 115.

[22] Cody, Catherine; Lauria, Jo; Choi, Don (2021-09-14). Master of the Midcentury: The Architecture of William F. Cody. The Monacelli Press, LLC. p. 276. ISBN 978-1-58093-530-2.

[23] "Raymond Eastwood – U.S. Department of State". Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[24] "Raymond Eastwood - Biography". www.askart.com. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[:6-25] 1 2 "Arthur Silvers | Los Angeles Conservancy". www.laconservancy.org. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[26] "Robert A. Kennard | BEYOND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT". BeyondtheBuilt.com. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[27] "Robert Kennard". www.docomomo-us.org. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[28] "La Loma Road Mid-Century Modern Built By Noted Architect Robert Langdon Under Consideration as City Landmark – Pasadena Now". www.pasadenanow.com. September 19, 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[29] Stewart, Jocelyn Y. (2008-01-26). "Architect fought against discrimination". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

[30] Satterfield, W. W. "Gordon Greenfield Wittenberg (1921–2020)". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved 2023-02-03.

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Professional fraternities and sororities
Currently active members of the Professional Fraternity Association	Alpha Zeta Alpha Kappa Psi Alpha Rho Chi Alpha Phi Omega Alpha Chi Sigma Alpha Omega Epsilon Delta Chi Xi Delta Epsilon Mu Delta Theta Phi Delta Kappa Alpha Delta Omicron Delta Sigma Pi Delta Sigma Chi Epsilon Nu Tau Theta Tau Kappa Epsilon Kappa Epsilon Psi Kappa Eta Kappa Kappa Kappa Psi Kappa Lambda Chi Kappa Psi Lambda Kappa Sigma Mu Beta Phi Mu Phi Epsilon Pi Sigma Epsilon Rho Pi Phi Sigma Alpha Sigma Alpha Iota Tau Beta Sigma Phi Alpha Delta Phi Beta Phi Gamma Nu Phi Delta Epsilon Phi Delta Chi Phi Sigma Pi Phi Chi Theta
Former and formerly active members of the Professional Fraternity Association or its predecessors: Professional Panhellenic Association or Professional Interfraternity Conference	Alpha Delta Theta Alpha Delta Sigma Alpha Kappa Kappa Alpha Sigma Alpha Alpha Tau Delta Alpha Omega Beta Alpha Psi Gamma Eta Gamma Gamma Iota Sigma Delta Epsilon Iota Delta Sigma Delta Delta Psi Kappa Epsilon Eta Phi Zeta Phi Eta Theta Kappa Psi Theta Sigma Upsilon Theta Sigma Phi Iota Sigma Pi Kappa Alpha Pi Kappa Beta Pi Kappa Delta Epsilon Kappa Phi Kappa Nu Sigma Nu Xi Psi Phi Omicron Delta Kappa Omicron Nu Pi Lambda Theta Sigma Delta Chi Sigma Nu Phi Sigma Sigma Sigma Sigma Phi Delta (now social) Phi Beta Gamma Phi Beta Pi Phi Delta Delta Phi Delta Gamma Phi Delta Kappa Phi Delta Pi Phi Delta Phi (now honor society) Phi Epsilon Kappa Phi Lambda Kappa Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia (now social) Phi Rho Sigma Phi Upsilon Omicron Phi Chi Chi Beta Phi Psi Omega Omega Tau Sigma Omega Upsilon Phi Pershing Rifles Scabbard and Blade Scarab
North American Interfraternity Conference	Alpha Gamma Rho Alpha Gamma Sigma
Active independent professional fraternities	Alpha Gamma Kappa Alpha Zeta Omega Alpha Eta Rho Alpha Iota Alpha Psi Gamma Epsilon Tau Delta Theta Sigma Delta Kappa Gamma Delta Kappa Phi Delta Phi Epsilon Kappa Gamma Psi Kappa Pi Nu Beta Epsilon Phi Delta Kappa (sorority) Phi Sigma Gamma Phi Psi Chi Delta Mu Chi Eta Phi Block and Bridle Queens' Guard
Inactive independent professional fraternities	Aleph Yodh He Alpha Epsilon Iota Alpha Tau Sigma Alpha Zeta Gamma Chi Zeta Chi Delta Omicron Alpha Delta Sigma Theta Pi Delta Nu