SDSS J1536+0441

SDSS J1536+0441
The quasar SDSS J1536+0441.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationSerpens
Right ascension15h 36m 36.22s[1]
Declination+04° 41′ 27.01″[1]
Redshift0.388938[1]
Heliocentric radial velocity116,601 ± 13 km/s[1]
Distance5,611.2 ± 392.8 Mly (1,720.39 ± 120.43 Mpc)[1]
Characteristics
TypeCandidate BH binary[1]
Size~215,000 ly (65.9 kpc) (estimated)[1]
Other designations
KODIAQ J153636+044127, SDSS J153636.22+044127.0, LQAC 234+004 002[1]

SDSS J1536+0441 known as SDSS J153636.22+044127.0, is a quasar[2][3] located in the constellation of Serpens. The redshift of the object is (z) 0.388[1] and it was first discovered by astronomers in March 2009. They classified it as a binary black hole candidate with two emission line components separated with a velocity of 3,500 kilometers per seconds, although classification as a quasar pair seems more accurate.[4][5]

Description

SDSS J1536+0441 is classified as radio-quiet.[5] It contains two supermassive black holes, having a separation gap of 0.1 parsecs. The black holes are estimated to have masses of 107.3 and 108.9 M☉ and have an orbital period of around 100 years. The optical spectrum of the quasar contains a single set of narrow absorption lines and two broad emission lines.[4] Studies also showed it is a double-peaked emitter object,[6][7] with the central broad component described as redshifted by about 400 kilometers per seconds, suggesting outflows. A blue wing component has been observed, weak in hydrogen-beta profile and strong in hydrogen-alpha profile.[6]

High resolution imaging made in September 2009 showed the quasar is located inside a moderately rich galaxy cluster. The host of the quasar is only just resolved. It is asymmetrically elongated and has extended radio emission. There is a bright close companion located 5 kiloparsecs away from the quasar.[8] Imaging by the Hubble Space Telescope revealed the companion is a smooth elliptical galaxy without any tidal interactions.[9]

Radio imaging made with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 8.5 GHz frequencies found there are two unresolved sources that have a measured diameter of only around 1.9 kiloparsecs, with the companion and the quasar in correspondence with the sources, suggesting they each contain an active galactic nucleus.[10] Imaging made by European Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) telescopes, would later confirm the theory based on presence of two compact radio cores that are positioned in the objects. The cores have a flat or an inverted radio spectrum with estimated flux densities of 0.72 mJy and 0.24 mJy at 5 GHz frequencies.[11]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "NED Search results for SDSS J1536+0441". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2026-05-09.
  2. ↑ Eracleous, Michael; Boroson, Todd A.; Halpern, Jules P.; Liu, Jia (2012-07-05). "A LARGE SYSTEMATIC SEARCH FOR CLOSE SUPERMASSIVE BINARY AND RAPIDLY RECOILING BLACK HOLES". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 201 (2): 23. arXiv:1106.2952. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/201/2/23. ISSN 0067-0049.
  3. ↑ Chornock, R.; Bloom, J. S.; Cenko, S. B.; Filippenko, A. V.; Silverman, J. M.; Hicks, M. D.; Lawrence, K. J.; Mendez, A. J.; Rafelski, M.; Wolfe, A. M. (2010-01-04). "THE QUASAR SDSS J1536+0441: AN UNUSUAL DOUBLE-PEAKED EMITTER". The Astrophysical Journal. 709 (1): L39–L43. arXiv:0906.0849. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/l39. ISSN 2041-8205.
  4. 1 2 Boroson, Todd A.; Lauer, Tod R. (March 2009). "A candidate sub-parsec supermassive binary black hole system". Nature. 458 (7234): 53–55. arXiv:0901.3779. doi:10.1038/nature07779. ISSN 0028-0836.
  5. 1 2 Decarli, R.; Treves, A.; Falomo, R.; Dotti, M.; Colpi, M.; Kotilainen, J. K. (May 2009). "Double Quasar SDSS J153636.22+044127.0". International Astronomical Union Circular. 9047: 2. ISSN 0081-0304.
  6. 1 2 Tang, Sumin; Grindlay, Jonathan (2009-09-30). "THE QUASAR SDSS J153636.22+044127.0: A DOUBLE-PEAKED EMITTER IN A CANDIDATE BINARY BLACK HOLE SYSTEM". The Astrophysical Journal. 704 (2): 1189–1194. arXiv:0909.0258. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/704/2/1189. ISSN 0004-637X.
  7. ↑ Chornock, R.; Bloom, J. S.; Cenko, S. B.; Silverman, J. M.; Filippenko, A. V.; Hicks, M. D.; Lawrence, K. J.; Chang, P.; Comerford, J. M.; George, M. R.; Modjaz, M.; Oishi, J. S.; Quataert, E.; Strubbe, L. E. (March 2009). "SDSS J1536+0441: An Extreme "Double-peaked Emitter," Not a Binary Black Hole". The Astronomer's Telegram. 1955: 1.
  8. ↑ Decarli, R.; Dotti, M.; Falomo, R.; Treves, A.; Colpi, M.; Kotilainen, J. K.; Montuori, C.; Uslenghi, M. (September 2009). "Probing the Nature of the Massive Black Hole Binary Candidate SDSS J1536+0441". The Astrophysical Journal. 703 (1): L76–L80. arXiv:0907.5414. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/L76. ISSN 0004-637X.
  9. ↑ Lauer, Tod R.; Boroson, Todd A. (2009-09-02). "HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPEIMAGES AND KPNO SPECTROSCOPY OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE CANDIDATE SDSS J153636.22+044127.0". The Astrophysical Journal. 703 (1): 930–938. arXiv:0906.0020. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/703/1/930. ISSN 0004-637X.
  10. ↑ Wrobel, J. M.; Laor, A. (2009-06-10). "DISCOVERY OF RADIO EMISSION FROM THE QUASAR SDSS J1536+0441, A CANDIDATE BINARY BLACK HOLE SYSTEM". The Astrophysical Journal. 699 (1): L22–L25. arXiv:0905.3566. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/699/1/l22. ISSN 0004-637X.
  11. ↑ Bondi, M.; Pérez-Torres, M.-A. (2010-04-20). "VLBI DETECTION OF AN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS PAIR IN THE BINARY BLACK HOLE CANDIDATE SDSS J1536+0441". The Astrophysical Journal. 714 (2): L271–L274. arXiv:1003.4849. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/714/2/l271. ISSN 2041-8205.
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