Procollagen galactosyltransferase
| procollagen galactosyltransferase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 2.4.1.50 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9028-07-3 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| BRENDA | enzyme data | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | enzyme entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| Rhea | reactions | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
In enzymology, a procollagen galactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.50) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- UDP-galactose + procollagen 5-hydroxy-L-lysine UDP + procollagen 5-(D-galactosyloxy)-L-lysine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-galactose and procollagen 5-hydroxy-L-lysine, whereas its two products are UDP and procollagen 5-(D-galactosyloxy)-L-lysine.
Nomenclature
- Family: glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases
- Systematic name: UDP-galactose D-galactosyltransferase
- Other names:
- hydroxylysine galactosyltransferase
- collagen galactosyltransferase
- collagen hydroxylysyl galactosyltransferase
- UDP galactose-collagen galactosyltransferase
- uridine diphosphogalactose-collagen galactosyltransferase
- UDPgalactose:5-hydroxylysine-collagen galactosyltransferase
- Pathway lysine degradation
Human genes
Human genes encoding enzymes with procollagen galactosyltransferase activity include: Human genes encoding enzymes with procollagen galactosyltransferase activity (EC 2.4.1.50) include:[1][2][3]
Structure and functions of procollagen galactosyltransferase 1
Procollagen galactosyltransferase 1 (GT251), encoded by the COLGALT1 gene, plays a crucial role in lysyl O-linked glycosylation and the maturation of collagen.[4] GT251 consists of two galactosyltransferase domains (GalT-N and GalT-C) and is stabilized in a dimeric form.[5] The GT251 dimer can further associate with LH3 (encoded by PLOD3) to form a heterotetrameric complex, known as the KOGG complex (Lysyl Hydroxylation-Galactosylation-Glucosylation complex).[5] Within this complex, three key enzymatic reactions in lysine O-linked glycosylation are coordinately catalyzed by LH3 and GT251, ensuring proper collagen modification and structural integrity.
References
- 1 2 "COLGALT1 – Procollagen galactosyltransferase 1". UniProt. UniProt Consortium. Retrieved 16 August 2026.
- 1 2 "COLGALT2 – Procollagen galactosyltransferase 2". UniProt. UniProt Consortium. Retrieved 16 August 2026.
- 1 2 "PLOD3 – Multifunctional procollagen lysine hydroxylase and glycosyltransferase LH3". UniProt. UniProt Consortium. Retrieved 16 August 2026.
- ↑ Schegg B, Hülsmeier AJ, Rutschmann C, Maag C, Hennet T (February 2009). "Core glycosylation of collagen is initiated by two beta(1-O)galactosyltransferases". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 29 (4): 943–952. doi:10.1128/MCB.02085-07. PMC 2643808. PMID 19075007.
- 1 2 Peng J, Li W, Yao D, Xia Y, Wang Q, Cai Y, et al. (March 2025). "The structural basis for the human procollagen lysine hydroxylation and dual-glycosylation". Nature Communications. 16 (1) 2436. Bibcode:2025NatCo..16.2436P. doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57768-9. PMC 11897130. PMID 40069201.
Further reading
- Bosmann HB, Eylar EH (1968). "Glycoprotein biosynthesis: the biosynthesis of the hydroxylysine-galactose linkage in collagen". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 33 (2): 340–6. Bibcode:1968BBRC...33..340B. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(68)90790-0. PMID 5722225.
- Kivirikko KI, Myllylä R (1979). "Collagen glycosyltransferases". In Hall DA, Jackson DS (eds.). International Review of Connective Tissue Research. Vol. 8. Academic Press. pp. 23–72. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-363708-6.50008-4. ISBN 978-0-12-363708-6. PMID 389860.