Pegasus V

Pegasus V/Andromeda XXXIV
Photograph of Pegasus V/Andromeda XXXIV
Gemini Observatory photograph of Pegasus V/Andromeda XXXIV, circled in yellow.
Observation data
ConstellationPegasus[1]
Right ascension23h 18m 27.8s[2]
Declination+33° 21′ 32″[2]
Distance692 kpc (2.26 Mly)[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)18.93 ± 0.43[3]
Absolute magnitude (V)-6.3 ± 0.2[2]
Surface brightness2.8+0.6
−0.4×104 L☉[2]
Characteristics
Mass4.1+0.16
−0.11[3] M☉
Half-light radius (physical)87+40
−54
Half-light radius (apparent)0.44+0.2
−0.1

Pegasus V (Peg V), or Andromeda XXXIV (And XXXIV), is an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy and a minor satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy, located in the Pegasus constellation and discovered by the amateur astronomer Giuseppe Donatiello in 2022.[2]

Discovery

Pegasus V was first identified by the Italian amateur astronomer Giuseppe Donatiello in 2022 as an unresolved over density of stars in the Andromeda constellation whilst he was analyzing the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey, conducted by the M4 Telescope;[4] it was confirmed in April 2022 after further observations by the Gemini Observatory.[2]

Nomenclature

The galaxy's two names are derived from its location in the night sky, with Pegasus V referring to its location in the namesake constellation of Pegasus[2] and Andromeda XXXIV its status as a satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy.

Characteristics

Pegasus V is an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy primarily composed of older metal-poor stars and very limited star formation, thus providing evidence that Pegasus V may be a remnant of an older, fossil group galaxies.[5] Furthermore, its very small structure is consistent with open globular clusters within Andromeda's galactic halo; as a result, some astronomers have proposed it to be an open cluster rather than a dwarf galaxy.[2]

Pegasus V orbits the Andromeda galaxy's galactic halo very closely, and has a very high apparent magnitude relative to Andromeda's other satellite galaxies.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Collins, Michelle L M.; Charles, Emily J E.; Martínez-Delgado, David; Monelli, Matteo; Karim, Noushin; Donatiello, Giuseppe; Tollerud, Erik J.; Boschin, Walter (2022). "Pegasus V/Andromeda XXXIV–a newly discovered ultrafaint dwarf galaxy on the outskirts of Andromeda". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 515 (1): L72–L77. arXiv:2204.09068. Bibcode:2022MNRAS.515L..72C. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slac063. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 Jones, Michael G.; Sand, David J.; Bennet, Paul; Crnojević, Denija; Doliva-Dolinsky, Amandine; Fielder, Catherine E.; Hunter, Laura C.; Karunakaran, Ananthan; Mutlu-Pakdil, Burçin; Prabhu, Deepthi S.; Spekkens, Kristine; Zaritsky, Dennis (10 February 2026). "Star Formation Histories and Gas Content Limits of Three Ultra-faint Dwarfs on the Periphery of M31". The Astrophysical Journal. 998 (1): 142. arXiv:2508.00984. Bibcode:2026ApJ...998..142J. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae3172. ISSN 0004-637X.
  4. ↑ "The ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Pegasus V (circled)". Gemini Observatory. Retrieved 26 May 2026.
  5. ↑ info@noirlab.edu. "Gemini North Spies Ultra-Faint Fossil Galaxy Discovered on Outskirts of Andromeda - NSF NOIRLab facilities reveal a relict of the earliest galaxies". www.noirlab.edu. Retrieved 30 June 2026.
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