Panaqolus

Panaqolus
Panaqolus albivermis, sometimes known as L-204
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Division: Teleostei
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Loricariidae
Subfamily: Hypostominae
Genus: Panaqolus
Isbrücker & Schraml, 2001[1]
Type species
Panaque gnomus
Synonyms[1]

Panaqolus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Loricariidae, the suckermouth armoured catfishes, and the subfamily Hypostominae, the suckermouth catfishes. The catfishes in this genus are found in South America.

Taxonomy

Panoqolus was first formally proposed as a genus in 2001 by Isaäc J. H. Isbrücker and Erwin Schraml with Panaque gnomus designated as its type species.[1] P. gnomus has been described in 1993 from Ecuador by Scott Allen Schaefer and Donald J. Stewart.[2] Its members were formerly thought to belong to a clade of small-sized species in the genus Panaque, until this genus was separated from Panaque in 2001. At times it has been considered a subgenus of Panaque, and the validity of the genus has been disputed by various authors and sources.[3] Pseudoqolus koko was formerly considered to be a member of this genus, although it was reclassified as a member of the currently monotypic genus Pseudoqolus by Nathan K. Lujan, Christian A. Cramer, Raphael Covain, Sonia Fisch-Muller, and Hernán López-Fernández following a 2017 molecular phylogenetic analysis.[4] Some authorities regard this genus as being within the tribe Ancistrini of the subfamily Hypostominae,[5] but Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes does not recognise tribes within the subfamily Hypostominae.[1]

Etymology

Panaqolus is a diminutive of Panaque, this refers to the smaller size of the fishes in this genus in comparison to the species in Panaque.[6]

Species

Panaqolus contains the following valid species:[2]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Hypostominae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 July 2026.
  2. 1 2 Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Panaqolus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 July 2026.
  3. ↑ Lujan, N.K.; Steele, S.; Velasquez, M. (2013). "A new distinctively banded species of Panaqolus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the western Amazon Basin in Peru" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3691 (1): 192–198. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3691.1.8. PMID 26167575.
  4. ↑ Lujan, N. K.; Cramer, C. A.; Covain, R.; Fisch-Muller, S.; López-Fernández, H. (2017). "Multilocus molecular phylogeny of the ornamental wood-eating catfishes (Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Panaqolus and Panaque) reveals undescribed diversity and parapatric clades". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 109: 321–336. Bibcode:2017MolPE.109..321L. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.040. PMID 28065866.
  5. ↑ Armbruster, J. W. and N. K. Lujan (2025). "New tribe-level classification of Hypostominae (Loricariidae) based on optimization of morphological states on DNA-based relationships, with descriptions of three new tribes and two new genera". Neotropical Ichthyology. 22 (4)): 1–32. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-2024-0108.
  6. ↑ Christopher Scharpf (17 July 2026). "Family LORICARIIDAE: Subfamily HYPOSTOMINAE Kner 1853 (Suckermouth Catfishes or Plecos)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 31 July 2026.


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