2026 Nicaraguan general election

2026 Nicaraguan general election
Presidential election
Incumbent Co-Presidents

Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo
FSLN


Parliamentary election
90 of the 91 seats in the National Assembly
46 seats needed for a majority
Party Leader Current seats
FSLN Daniel Ortega 75
PLC María Haydeé Osuna 9
ALN Saturnino Cerrato 2
PLI José del Carmen Alvarado 1
APRE Carlos José Canales 1
CCN Guillermo Osorno 1
Incumbent President of the National Assembly
Gustavo Porras Cortés
FSLN

General elections were due to be held in Nicaragua to elect the co-presidents and members of the National Assembly.[1] Originally scheduled for November 2026, a constitutional amendment pushed back the election date to November 2027. However, on 20 July 2026, Co-President Daniel Ortega announced the abolition of the electoral system, saying that Nicaragua would no longer hold elections in order to prevent the opposition from trying to "seize the government" and "seize power".[2]

Background

In the 2021 general election, Daniel Ortega was elected for his fourth consecutive presidential term, although prior to the election, months of crackdown against opposition figures and potential presidential candidates has led to the condemnation of the election as "illegitimate" by observers such as the US Department of State.[3][4] Ortega's rule has become increasingly authoritarian since his election in 2007.[2]

Ahead of the election, Nicaragua has also held hundreds of political prisoners who have been released but have subsequently had their citizenship revoked. In February 2023, 222 political prisoners were released to the United States and were stripped of their citizenship; 94 other political opponents lost their citizenship about a week after the prisoner release.[4] In September 2024, 135 more political prisoners were released to Guatemala as part of a deal with Guatemala and the United States; their citizenship was revoked and their property seized by the Nicaraguan government.[5]

In the lead-up to the election, several amendments to the Constitution increased Ortega's and his wife Rosario Murillo's power and ability to remain in office. Article 133 established the Presidency of the Republic as a dual presidency consisting of a male and a female co-president, essentially converting Nicaragua to a diarchy; Murillo was simultaneously promoted from her previous position of vice president to serve as co-president alongside Ortega.[6] The amendments give the co-presidents the ability to coordinate "legislative, judicial, electoral, control and supervisory bodies, regional and municipal".[3] This provision is tied to Article 132, which also extends the overseeing powers of the presidency from the Nicaraguan Army to the Ministry of the Interior and the National Police.[6] In the event of Ortega's death, Murillo would immediately assume the office of president.[7] Furthermore, co-presidents can appoint as many vice presidents as they desire, per the revision of Article 137, also giving the co-presidents the power to appoint and fire ministers and deputy ministers, the attorney and deputy attorney general, the directors of governmental bodies, and the heads of diplomatic missions.[6]

The presidential term was also extended from five years to six years per the provision of Article 135.[6] These amendments were passed unanimously by the National Assembly in January 2025.[7] Due to this extension, it was possible that the November 2026 elections could have been delayed until November 2027;[8] with Ortega and Murillo remaining in office as late as January 2028 according to Freedom House.[9]

A new electoral law passed in January 2025 also grants further governmental control over the Supreme Electoral Council (Consejo Supremo Electoral, CSE), which would lead to the opposition being further curtailed with regard to participation in elections, as seen during the 2021 general election and the March 2024 regional elections.[8]

Cancellation

On 20 July 2026, Co-President Daniel Ortega announced the abolition of the electoral system, saying that Nicaragua would no longer hold elections.[10][11] Ortega, who had been absent for 61 days prior, made the declaration at the official ceremony celebrating the 47th anniversary of the Sandinista Revolution, where he and his fellow Sandinista forces toppled the three-decade-old regime of the Somoza family.[12] He declared that "There won't be any more elections here for them to try to seize the government and seize power", referring to the "Yankees" and "Somocistas", the latter of which referred to Somoza supporters.[11][13] In the wake of his announcement, the country's legislative body, the National Assembly, moved to formally enact his will. The Assembly had previously repeatedly amended the country's constitution to concentrate Ortega's power.[14]

Reactions

International

The cancellation drew widespread international controversy. The U.S. State Department condemned it, with Secretary of State Marco Rubio writing that Ortega's "declaration that under his family's dictatorship Nicaragua will never again hold elections lays bare their true authoritarian nature" and that "Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo have abandoned even the pretense of popular consent". Rubio further stated that the act was a threat to American national security.[15] UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk called on Nicaraguan officials to "reopen civic space, and restore the rule of law".[16]

Domestic

Domestically, opposition leaders condemned the act, but noted Ortega's prior consolidation of power. Félix Maradiaga, an opposition activist who stood in the 2021 general election, stated that Ortega "buried Nicaraguan democracy a long time ago", and that in order for the country to be truly democratic, Ortega had to be removed.[17]

References

  1. ↑ "Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections". Congressional Research Service. 7 October 2024. p. 2. Archived from the original on 13 December 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  2. 1 2 Buschschlüter, Vanessa (23 July 2026). "Nicaragua's legislature debates excluding opposition from elections". BBC News.
  3. 1 2 "Nicaragua approves reforms boosting power of President Ortega and his wife". Al Jazeera. 22 November 2024. Archived from the original on 5 March 2026. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  4. 1 2 Karla I., Rios (4 December 2024). "Nicaragua: In Brief". Congress.gov. Archived from the original on 31 January 2026. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  5. ↑ Selser, Gabriela (10 September 2024). "Nicaragua strips citizenship from 135 prisoners released to Guatemala". AP News. Archived from the original on 16 April 2026. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Paolanti, Matteo; Saccoliti, Francesco (18 February 2025). "From Democracy to Dynastic Rule?: The 2025 Constitutional Reform in Nicaragua". Verfassungsblog. doi:10.59704/b238c311a9b52d44. ISSN 2366-7044. Archived from the original on 28 February 2026. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  7. 1 2 "Nicaragua approves constitutional reforms giving president expansive powers". Al Jazeera. 30 January 2025. Archived from the original on 3 February 2025. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  8. 1 2 "Country/Territory Report – Nicaragua". S&P Global. 3 April 2026. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  9. ↑ "Nicaragua: Freedom in the World 2026 Country Report". Freedom House. Archived from the original on 12 April 2026. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  10. ↑ "Daniel Ortega Says Nicaragua Will Not Hold Elections Again". The Tico Times. 20 July 2026. Retrieved 20 July 2026.
  11. 1 2 "Nicaragua's Ortega says "never again" for elections after two decades in power". CNN. 21 July 2026. Archived from the original on 21 July 2026. Retrieved 21 July 2026.
  12. ↑ Rogero, Tiago (20 July 2026). "Nicaragua's president says country will not hold any more elections". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  13. ↑ Associated Press (21 July 2026). "Nicaragua's President Ortega says no more elections, extending his 20-year rule". NPR. Archived from the original on 22 July 2026. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  14. ↑ "Nicaragua's parliament moves to abolish elections under Ortega's order, fueling criticisms". AP News. 22 July 2026. Archived from the original on 22 July 2026. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  15. ↑ D'Abrosca, Peter (21 July 2026). "State Department rips revolutionary socialist Nicaraguan regime as far-left leader ends country's elections". Fox News. Archived from the original on 22 July 2026. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  16. ↑ Rogero, Tiago (22 July 2026). "Nicaragua's congress announces "work plan" to suspend elections". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  17. ↑ Mancini, Ryan (21 July 2026). "Nicaragua's Ortega moves to abolish elections". The Hill. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
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