Testicular receptor 4

NR2C2
Identifiers
Aliases	NR2C2, TAK1, TR4, Testicular receptor 4, nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 2
External IDs	OMIM: 601426; MGI: 1352466; GeneCards: NR2C2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3P0U
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 3 (human) Band 3p25.1 Start 14,947,583 bp End 15,053,600 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse) Band 6|6 D1 Start 92,068,371 bp End 92,151,275 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in sural nerve skin of thigh tibia skin of hip epithelium of colon jejunal mucosa superficial temporal artery epithelium of nasopharynx ganglionic eminence parietal pleura Top expressed in Rostral migratory stream spermatocyte dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell genital tubercle ventromedial nucleus lateral septal nucleus lumbar subsegment of spinal cord supraoptic nucleus ventricular zone superior frontal gyrus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function sequence-specific DNA binding DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity transcription coactivator activity zinc ion binding metal ion binding steroid hormone receptor activity protein binding protein heterodimerization activity RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific signaling receptor activity Cellular component nucleoplasm nucleus Biological process cell differentiation regulation of transcription, DNA-templated nervous system development transcription, DNA-templated spermatogenesis transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Databases NCBI: entry; OMA: entry Species Human Mouse Entrez 7182 22026 Ensembl ENSG00000177463 ENSMUSG00000005893 UniProt P49116 P49117 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001291694 NM_003298 NM_011630 NM_001347342 RefSeq (protein) NP_001278623 NP_003289 NP_001334271 NP_035760 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 14.95 – 15.05 Mb Chr 6: 92.07 – 92.15 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Testicular receptor 4 also known as NR2C2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2C2 gene.

The testicular receptor 4 is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. Though currently considered an orphan receptor, it nevertheless has an important role as a core DNA binding component of the so called DRED complex (direct repeat erythroid determinant). This complex is formed out of TR4, testicular receptor 2, DNMT1, and KDM1A, and functions as a gene repressor the regulates the expression of red blood cell globin. In particular, it contributes to the transition from fetal to adult pattern expression.

Interactions

Testicular receptor 4 has been shown to interact with

• Androgen receptor,
• Estrogen receptor alpha, and
• Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha.

See also

• Testicular receptor

Further reading

• Hirose T, Fujimoto W, Tamaai T, Kim KH, Matsuura H, Jetten AM (Dec 1994). "TAK1: molecular cloning and characterization of a new member of the nuclear receptor superfamily". Molecular Endocrinology. 8 (12): 1667–80. doi:10.1210/mend.8.12.7708055. PMID 7708055. S2CID 24842898.
• Young WJ, Smith SM, Chang C (Jan 1997). "Induction of the intronic enhancer of the human ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFRalpha) gene by the TR4 orphan receptor. A member of steroid receptor superfamily". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (5): 3109–16. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.5.3109. PMID 9006963.
• Lee CH, Chinpaisal C, Wei LN (Sep 1998). "A novel nuclear receptor heterodimerization pathway mediated by orphan receptors TR2 and TR4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (39): 25209–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25209. PMID 9737983.
• Lee YF, Shyr CR, Thin TH, Lin WJ, Chang C (Dec 1999). "Convergence of two repressors through heterodimer formation of androgen receptor and testicular orphan receptor-4: a unique signaling pathway in the steroid receptor superfamily". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (26): 14724–9. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9614724L. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.14724. PMC 24715. PMID 10611280.
• Wang X, Yeh S, Wu G, Hsu CL, Wang L, Chiang T, Yang Y, Guo Y, Chang C (Nov 2001). "Identification and characterization of a novel androgen receptor coregulator ARA267-alpha in prostate cancer cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (44): 40417–23. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104765200. PMID 11509567.
• Yeung KC, Rose DW, Dhillon AS, Yaros D, Gustafsson M, Chatterjee D, McFerran B, Wyche J, Kolch W, Sedivy JM (Nov 2001). "Raf kinase inhibitor protein interacts with NF-kappaB-inducing kinase and TAK1 and inhibits NF-kappaB activation". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (21): 7207–17. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.21.7207-7217.2001. PMC 99896. PMID 11585904.
• Shyr CR, Hu YC, Kim E, Chang C (Apr 2002). "Modulation of estrogen receptor-mediated transactivation by orphan receptor TR4 in MCF-7 cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (17): 14622–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110051200. PMID 11844790.
• Tanabe O, Katsuoka F, Campbell AD, Song W, Yamamoto M, Tanimoto K, Engel JD (Jul 2002). "An embryonic/fetal beta-type globin gene repressor contains a nuclear receptor TR2/TR4 heterodimer". The EMBO Journal. 21 (13): 3434–42. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf340. PMC 126089. PMID 12093744.
• Yang Y, Wang X, Dong T, Kim E, Lin WJ, Chang C (Feb 2003). "Identification of a novel testicular orphan receptor-4 (TR4)-associated protein as repressor for the selective suppression of TR4-mediated transactivation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (9): 7709–17. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207116200. PMID 12486131.
• Lin WJ, Li J, Lee YF, Yeh SD, Altuwaijri S, Ou JH, Chang C (Mar 2003). "Suppression of hepatitis B virus core promoter by the nuclear orphan receptor TR4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (11): 9353–60. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205944200. PMID 12522137.
• Takaesu G, Surabhi RM, Park KJ, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Matsumoto K, Gaynor RB (Feb 2003). "TAK1 is critical for IkappaB kinase-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB pathway". Journal of Molecular Biology. 326 (1): 105–15. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01404-3. PMID 12547194.
• Inui S, Lee YF, Chang E, Shyr CR, Chang C (Feb 2003). "Differential and bi-directional regulation between TR2/TR4 orphan nuclear receptors and a specific ligand mediated-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in human HaCaT keratinocytes". Journal of Dermatological Science. 31 (1): 65–71. doi:10.1016/S0923-1811(02)00152-4. PMID 12615366.
• Ishitani T, Takaesu G, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Shibuya H, Gaynor RB, Matsumoto K (Dec 2003). "Role of the TAB2-related protein TAB3 in IL-1 and TNF signaling". The EMBO Journal. 22 (23): 6277–88. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg605. PMC 291846. PMID 14633987.
• Cheung PC, Nebreda AR, Cohen P (Feb 2004). "TAB3, a new binding partner of the protein kinase TAK1". The Biochemical Journal. 378 (Pt 1): 27–34. doi:10.1042/BJ20031794. PMC 1223947. PMID 14670075.
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, Angrand PO, Bergamini G, Croughton K, Cruciat C, Eberhard D, Gagneur J, Ghidelli S, Hopf C, Huhse B, Mangano R, Michon AM, Schirle M, Schlegl J, Schwab M, Stein MA, Bauer A, Casari G, Drewes G, Gavin AC, Jackson DB, Joberty G, Neubauer G, Rick J, Kuster B, Superti-Furga G (Feb 2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway". Nature Cell Biology. 6 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. PMID 14743216. S2CID 11683986.

External links

• FactorBook TR4