Monadofilosa
| Monadofilosa | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Cercomonas | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Sar |
| Clade: | Rhizaria |
| Phylum: | Cercozoa |
| Subphylum: | Filosa |
| Infraphylum: | Monadofilosa |
| Classes | |
| |
Monadofilosa is a grouping of Cercozoa.[1] (It is sometimes considered one of three, the other two being Endomyxa and Reticulofilosa.)[2] These organisms are single-celled amoeboid protists.
Classification
Monadofilosa was originally proposed as a subphylum of Phylum Rhizopoda[3] and subsequently treated as superclass[1], infraphylum[4] or subphylum[5] in different taxonomic treatments. Monadofilosa includes the testate amoebae known as "testaceans", and the cercomonads. It is sometimes described as Testaceafilosia and Sarcomonadea.[6] It has also been described as Sarcomonadea (Cercomonas, Heteromita, Bodomorpha, Proleptomonas, Allantion), Thecofilosea (Cryptodifflugia, Cryothecomonas), Spongomonadea (Spongomonas, Rhipidodendron), and Imbricatea (Thaumatomonas, Thaumatomastix, Allas, Gyromitus, Euglypha, Trinema, Paulinella).[7]
- The testaceans live both in marine and freshwater habitats, and in mosses. Members include Lecythium, Pseudodifflugia, Euglypha (a euglyphid), and Paulinella chromatophora.
- Cercomonads are flagellates that glide on their posterior cilium and/or generate filopodia. Members of this group contain Cryothecomonas, Thaumatomonas, which is covered with siliceous scales, and Cercomonas, which is naked. Cercomonas contains several species that show exhibit amoeboid movement, such as the testate amoeba Cyphoderia, and the flagellate Cryothecomonas.
Sainouron has been grouped in Monadofilosa.[8]
References
- 1 2 Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE (October 2003). "Phylogeny and classification of phylum Cercozoa (Protozoa)". Protist. 154 (3–4): 341–58. doi:10.1078/143446103322454112. PMID 14658494.
- ↑ Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, Brusca RC, Cavalier-Smith T, Guiry MD, Kirk PM (April 29, 2015). "A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms". PLOS ONE. 10 (4) e0119248. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019248R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248. PMC 4418965. PMID 25923521.
- ↑ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1997). "Amoeboflagellates and mitochondrial cristae in eukaryote evolution: megasystematics of the new protozoan subkingdoms Eozoa and Neozoa". Arch. Protistenkd. 147: 237–258. doi:10.1016/S0003-9365(97)80051-6.
- ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Oates, Brian (2012-03-01). "Ultrastructure of Allapsa vibrans and the Body Plan of Glissomonadida (Cercozoa)". Protist. 163 (2): 165–187. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2011.10.006. ISSN 1434-4610.
- ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E.; Lewis, Rhodri (2018-09-01). "Multigene phylogeny and cell evolution of chromist infrakingdom Rhizaria: contrasting cell organisation of sister phyla Cercozoa and Retaria". Protoplasma. 255 (5): 1517–1574. doi:10.1007/s00709-018-1241-1. ISSN 1615-6102. PMC 6133090. PMID 29666938.
- ↑ Wylezich C, Meisterfeld R, Meisterfeld S, Schlegel M (2002). "Phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal RNA coding regions reveal a monophyletic lineage of euglyphid testate amoebae (Order Euglyphida)". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 49 (2): 108–18. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2002.tb00352.x. PMID 12043958. S2CID 33818305.
- ↑ "www.nies.go.jp". Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2009-06-26.
- ↑ Cavalier-Smith T, Lewis R, Chao EE, Oates B, Bass D (October 2008). "Morphology and phylogeny of Sainouron acronematica sp. n. and the ultrastructural unity of Cercozoa". Protist. 159 (4): 591–620. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2008.04.002. PMID 18583188.
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