Lonsdalea quercina
| Lonsdalea quercina | |
|---|---|
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| Gummosis from the acorn cap of coast live oak due to Lonsdalea quercina infection | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Pseudomonadati |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Enterobacterales |
| Family: | Pectobacteriaceae |
| Genus: | Lonsdalea |
| Species: | L. quercina |
| Binomial name | |
| Lonsdalea quercina Brady et al., 2012 | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Lonsdalea quercina is a Gram-negative bacillus in the family Pectobacteriaceae.
Symptoms
Lonsdalea quercina causes drippy blight disease in the live oak species Quercus agrifolia and Quercus wislizenii in California,[2] as well as Quercus gambelii, Quercus rubra, Quercus shumardii, and Quercus palustris in Colorado.[3][4] When the bacteria infect the acorn tissue, the acorn caps will ooze a clear or amber colored sap due to gummosis,[4] and may continue to do so even after the nut has dropped.[5] The infected oaks may also exhibit leaf scorch and premature leaf drop, followed by the development of cankers on the branches.[4]
Taxonomy
The species was first described in 1967 as Erwinia quercina by Hildebrand & Schroth.[2] In 1999, Hauben et al. moved E. quercina to a new genus Brenneria. Then in 2012, Brady et al. established Lonsdalea quercina as the type species for the new genus Lonsdalea based on DNA analysis.[6]
Etymology
The genus Lonsdalea was named for Dr. David Lonsdale for his work on the biology and pathology of trees.[6] The specific epithet quercina refers to the genus of oak trees this bacterium infects.[2]
References
- ↑ Euzéby, Jean P. "Species Lonsdalea quercina". LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Retrieved August 20, 2026.
- 1 2 3 Hildebrand, DC; Schroth, MN (1966). "A new species of Erwinia causing the drippy nut disease of Live Oaks". Phytopathology. 57: 250–253.
- ↑ Zerillo, Marcelo M; Snelling, Jacob; Caballero, Jorge Ibarra; Alexander, Kathleen; Nash, Kendra; Tisserat, Ned A; Cranshaw, Whitney S; Stewart, Jane E (2018). "Drippy blight, a disease of red oaks in Colorado, US, produced from the combined effect of the scale insect Allokermes galliformis and the bacterium Lonsdalea quercina subsp. quercina". Arboriculture and Urban Forestry. 43 (3): 146--153.
- 1 2 3 Kozhar, Olga; Sitz, Rachael A; Woyda, Reed; Legg, Lillian; Ibarra Caballero, Jorge R; Pearse, Ian S; Abdo, Zaid; Stewart, Jane E (2023). "Population genomic analysis of an emerging pathogen Lonsdalea quercina affecting various species of oaks in western North America". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 14852 – via Nature Publishing Group.
- ↑ "Drippy Acorn Disease". University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program. Retrieved August 20, 2026.
- 1 2 Brady, CL; Cleenwerck, I; Denman, S; Venter, SN; Rodríguez-Palenzuela, P; Coutinho, TA; De Vos, P (July 2012). "Proposal to reclassify Brenneria quercina (Hildebrand and Schroth 1967) Hauben et al. 1999 into a new genus, Lonsdalea gen. nov., as Lonsdalea quercina comb. nov., descriptions of Lonsdalea quercina subsp. quercina comb. nov., Lonsdalea quercina subsp. iberica subsp. nov. and Lonsdalea quercina subsp. britannica subsp. nov., emendation of the description of the genus Brenneria, reclassification of Dickeya dieffenbachiae as Dickeya dadantii subsp. dieffenbachiae comb. nov., and emendation of the description of Dickeya dadantii". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 62 (Pt7): 1592–1602. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.035055-0. PMID 21890733.