List of mammals of Brazil

Brazil has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with around 751 described species[1] and more likely to be discovered. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, 66 of these species are endangered, and 40% of the threatened taxa belong to the primate group.[2]


The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EXExtinctNo reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EWExtinct in the wildKnown only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CRCritically endangeredThe species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
ENEndangeredThe species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VUVulnerableThe species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NTNear threatenedThe species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LCLeast concernThere are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DDData deficientThere is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of least concern categories:

LR/lcLower risk/least concernSpecies for which there are no identifiable risks.

Infraclass: Metatheria

Order: Didelphimorphia

Bare-tailed woolly opossum
White-eared opossum
Gray four-eyed opossum
Tate's woolly mouse opossum
Gray slender opossum

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Pilosa

Hoffmann's two-toed sloth
Brown-throated sloth
Silky anteater
Giant anteater

Order: Cingulata

Six-banded armadillo
Southern three-banded armadillo

Order: Chiroptera

Hoary bat

Order: Primates

Goeldi's marmoset
White-headed marmoset
Golden lion tamarin
Tufted capuchin
Bald uakari
Brown woolly monkey
Black howler

Order: Carnivora

Maned wolf
Short-eared dog
Bush dog
Crab-eating fox

Canidae - dogs, foxes, wolves

Felidae - cats

Jaguar
Jaguarundi
Margay

Mustelidae - otters, weasels and allies

Giant otters in Mato Grosso do Sul
Tayra
Lesser grison
Neotropical river otter

Mephitidae - skunks

Otariidae - eared seals

Phocidae - earless seals

Procyonidae - raccoons, coatis, olingos and allies

Crab-eating raccoon

Cetacea

Southern right whale breaching
Humpback whales in Abrolhos Islands
Eden's whale off Ilhabela, São Paulo
Spinner dolphins around Fernando de Noronha

Balaenidae - right whales

Balaenopteridae - rorquals

Delphinidae - dolphins

Phocoenidae - porpoises

Physeteridae

Iniidae - South American river dolphins

Amazon river dolphin

Pontoporiidae - La Plata dolphin

Ziphiidae - beaked whales

Sirenia

West Indian manatees in Peixe-boi Project, Paraíba

Trichechidae - manatees

Perissodactyla

Tapiridae - tapirs

Brazilian tapir

Artiodactyla

Suidae - pigs

Tayassuidae - peccaries

Collared peccary

Cervidae - deer

Marsh deer
Red brocket

Rodentia

Sciuridae - squirrels

Brazilian squirrel

Myocastoridae

Nutria

Muridae - Old World rats and allies

Cricetidae - New World rats and allies

Drymoreomys albimaculatus

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

Dinomyidae

Caviidae - guinea pigs and cavies

Brazilian guinea pig
Rock cavy
Capybara

Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis

Cuniculidae

Ctenomyidae - tuco-tucos

Echimyidae - spiny rats and allies

Lagomorpha

Leporidae - rabbits and hares

European hare


See also

References

  1. 1 2 Quintela, Fernando M.; da Rosa, Clarissa A.; Feijó, Anderson (2020). "Updated and annotated checklist of recent mammals from Brazil". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 92. doi:10.1590/0001-3765202020191004.
  2. ↑ MicoLeao. "Mapping the Diversity of Mammals in Brazil". BiodiversityMapping.org. Retrieved 2025-02-24.
  3. ↑ Solari, S. (2018). "Vampyrum spectrum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T22843A22059426. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22843A22059426.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  4. ↑ Lucherini, M.; Eizirik, E.; de Oliveira, T.; Pereira, J.; Williams, R.S.R. (2016). "Leopardus colocolo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T15309A97204446. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15309A97204446.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  5. ↑ Pereira, J.; Lucherini, M.; Trigo, T. (2015). "Leopardus geoffroyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T15310A50657011. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T15310A50657011.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  6. ↑ Paviolo, A.; Crawshaw, P.; Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C.A.; Kelly, M.; De Angelo, C.; Payan, E. (2016) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Leopardus pardalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T11509A97212355. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T11509A50653476.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  7. ↑ Payan, E.; de Oliveira, T. (2016). "Leopardus tigrinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T54012637A50653881. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T54012637A50653881.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  8. ↑ de Oliveira, T.; Paviolo, A.; Schipper, J.; Bianchi, R.; Payan, E.; Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Leopardus wiedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T11511A50654216. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T11511A50654216.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  9. ↑ Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T.; Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Herpailurus yagouaroundi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T9948A50653167. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T9948A50653167.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  10. ↑ Nielsen, C.; Thompson, D.; Kelly, M.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C.A. (2016) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Puma concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T18868A97216466. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T18868A50663436.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  11. ↑ Quigley, H.; Foster, R.; Petracca, L.; Payan, E.; Salom, R.; Harmsen, B. (2018) [errata version of 2017 assessment]. "Panthera onca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T15953A123791436. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T15953A50658693.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  12. ↑ Cárdenas-Alayza, S.; Oliveira, L.; Crespo, E. (2016). "Arctocephalus australis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T2055A45223529. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T2055A45223529.en.
  13. ↑ Hofmeyr, G.J.G (2015). "Arctocephalus tropicalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T2062A45224547. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T2062A45224547.en.
  14. ↑ Cárdenas-Alayza, S.; Crespo, E.; Oliveira, L. (2016). "Otaria byronia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T41665A61948292. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41665A61948292.en.
  15. ↑ Hofmeyr, G.J.G (2015). "Mirounga leonina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015 e.T13583A45227247. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13583A45227247.en.
  16. ↑ Cypriano-Souza, Ana Lúcia; De Meirelles, Ana Carolina Oliveira; Carvalho, Vitor Luz; Bonatto, Sandro Luis (2017). "Rare or cryptic? The first report of an Omura's whale (Balaenoptera omurai) in the South Atlantic Ocean". Marine Mammal Science. 33 (1): 80–95. Bibcode:2017MMamS..33...80C. doi:10.1111/mms.12348.
  17. ↑ Taylor, B.L.; Baird, R.; Barlow, J.; Dawson, S.M.; Ford, J.; Mead, J.G.; Notarbartolo di Sciara, G.; Wade, P.; Pitman, R.L. (2019) [amended version of 2008 assessment]. "Physeter macrocephalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T41755A160983555. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T41755A160983555.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  18. ↑ Marmontel, M.; de Souza, D.; Kendall, S. (2016). "Trichechus inunguis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T22102A43793736. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T22102A43793736.en.
  19. ↑ Deutsch, C.J.; Morales-Vela, B. (2024). "Trichechus manatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 e.T22103A43792740. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T22103A43792740.en.
  20. ↑ van Roosmalen, Marc G.M. (2015). "Hotspot of new megafauna found in the Central Amazon (Brazil): the lower Rio Aripuanã Basin" (PDF). Biodiversity Journal. 6 (1): 219–244.
  21. ↑ Reid, F. (2016). "Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T10300A22190005. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T10300A22190005.en. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  • Costa, L.P. et al. 2005. Mammal Conservation in Brazil. Conservation Biology 19 (3), pp. 672–679.
  • Moratelli, R., Dias, D. 2015. A new species of nectar-feeding bat, genus Lonchophylla, from the Caatinga of Brazil (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). ZooKeys 514, pp. 73–91.
  • Nogueira, M.R. et al. 2014. Checklist of Brazilian bats, with comments on original records. Check List 10 (4), pp. 808–821.
  • Rocha, P.A. et al. 2015. First record of Salvin's big-eyed bat Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 for Brazil. Mammalia (in press).
  • natureserve.org
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