List of bridges in Iran

Historical and architectural interest bridges

Name Persian Type Length Type Carries
Crosses
Opened Location Province Ref.
1Band-e Kaisar
Caesar's dam
بند قیصرShushtar Historical Hydraulic System
World Heritage Site
Iran National Heritage
500 m (1,600 ft)Masonry
Dam bridge
Out of order
Karun
3rd centuryShushtar
32°03′15.2″N 48°50′54.5″E / 32.054222°N 48.848472°E / 32.054222; 48.848472 (Band-e Kaisar)
Khuzestan[I 1]
[S 1]
[1]
[2]
2Old Bridge of Dezfulپل قدیم دزفولIran National Heritage370 m (1,210 ft)Masonry
14 arches
3rd centuryDezful
32°22′52.8″N 48°23′27.8″E / 32.381333°N 48.391056°E / 32.381333; 48.391056 (Old Bridge of Dezful)
Khuzestan[I 2]
[S 2]
[3]
[4]
3Pol-e Dokhtar BridgeپلدخترBuild during the Sasanian era
Height : 30 m (98 ft)
270 m (890 ft)Masonry
8 arches originally
Out of order
Qizil-Uzun
3rd centuryPol-e Dokhtar
33°09′36.8″N 47°42′56.3″E / 33.160222°N 47.715639°E / 33.160222; 47.715639 (Pol-e Dokhtar Bridge)
Khuzestan[5]
4Kavar Bridgeپل کوارBuild during the Sasanian era
Iran National Heritage
125 m (410 ft)Masonry
6 arches originally
Out of order
Qare Aghaj
3rd centuryKavar
29°10′56.0″N 52°41′48.8″E / 29.182222°N 52.696889°E / 29.182222; 52.696889 (Kavar Bridge)
Fars[S 3]
[6]
5Kashkan Bridgeپل کشکانIran National Heritage320 m (1,050 ft)Masonry
12 arches originally
Out of order
Karkheh River
Moradabad
33°35′17.0″N 47°52′56.8″E / 33.588056°N 47.882444°E / 33.588056; 47.882444 (Kashkan Bridge)
Lorestan[I 3]
[S 4]
[7]
6Shapuri Bridgeپل شاپوریBuild during the Sasanian era
Iran National Heritage
312 m (1,024 ft)Masonry
28 arches originally
Out of order
Khorramabad
33°28′03.9″N 48°20′19.7″E / 33.467750°N 48.338806°E / 33.467750; 48.338806 (Shapuri Bridge)
Lorestan[I 4]
[S 5]
7Gavmishan Bridgeپل گاوميشانBuild during the Sasanian era
Iran National Heritage
175 m (574 ft)Masonry
Out of order
Karkheh River
Halush
33°05′02.5″N 47°32′16.2″E / 33.084028°N 47.537833°E / 33.084028; 47.537833 (Gavmishan Bridge)
Lorestan
Ilam
[I 5]
[8]
8Kiz Bridgeپل دختر میانهIran National Heritage
Span : 23.9 m (78 ft)
Masonry
3 arches
Out of order
Qizil Üzan
8th centuryMianeh
37°19′27.1″N 47°49′06.3″E / 37.324194°N 47.818417°E / 37.324194; 47.818417 (Kiz Bridge)
East Azerbaijan[Note 1]
[I 6]
[S 6]
[9]
[10]
9Shahrestan Bridgeپل شهرستانBuild during the Seljuq dynasty
Iran National Heritage
140 m (460 ft)Masonry
13 arches
Footbridge
Zayanderud
11th centuryIsfahan
32°37′37.3″N 51°43′03.5″E / 32.627028°N 51.717639°E / 32.627028; 51.717639 (Shahrestan Bridge)
Isfahan[I 7]
[S 7]
[11]
10First Khodaafarin Bridgeپل خداآفرینAzerbaijan–Iran border
Iran National Heritage
160 m (520 ft)Masonry
11 arches
Out of order
Aras
12th centuryKhoda Afarin County–Cəbrayil
39°09′25.1″N 46°56′13.6″E / 39.156972°N 46.937111°E / 39.156972; 46.937111 (First Khodaafarin Bridge)
East Azerbaijan
 Azerbaijan
[I 8]
11Second Khodaafarin Bridgeپل خداآفرینAzerbaijan–Iran border
Iran National Heritage
120 m (390 ft)Masonry
15 arches
Footbridge
Aras
13th centuryKhoda Afarin County–Cəbrayil
39°09′03.1″N 46°56′25.4″E / 39.150861°N 46.940389°E / 39.150861; 46.940389 (Second Khodaafarin Bridge)
East Azerbaijan
 Azerbaijan
[I 8]
[S 8]
12Marnan Bridgeپل مارنانBuilt during the Safavid dynastyMasonry
17 arches
Footbridge
Zayanderud
1599Isfahan
32°38′28.9″N 51°38′36.2″E / 32.641361°N 51.643389°E / 32.641361; 51.643389 (Marnan Bridge)
Isfahan[I 9]
[S 9]
13Si-o-se-polسی وسه پلBuilt during the Safavid dynasty
Iran National Heritage
298 m (978 ft)Masonry
33 arches (2 levels)
Dam bridge
Footbridge
Zayanderud
1602Isfahan
32°38′40.5″N 51°40′02.9″E / 32.644583°N 51.667472°E / 32.644583; 51.667472 (Si-o-se-pol)
Isfahan[Note 2]
[I 10]
[S 10]
[12]
14Latidan Bridgeپل لاتیدانIran National HeritageMasonry
Out of order
Kul River
1619Nimeh Kar
27°11′39.2″N 55°45′00.4″E / 27.194222°N 55.750111°E / 27.194222; 55.750111 (Latidan Bridge)
Hormozgan[I 11]
[S 11]
15Khaju Bridgeپل خواجوBuilt during the Safavid dynasty
Iran National Heritage
132 m (433 ft)Masonry
21 arches (2 levels)
Dam bridge
Footbridge
Zayanderud
1650Isfahan
32°38′12.6″N 51°40′59.9″E / 32.636833°N 51.683306°E / 32.636833; 51.683306 (Khaju Bridge)
Isfahan[I 12]
[S 12]
[13]
16Joubi Bridgeپل جوییBuilt during the Safavid dynasty
Iran National Heritage
147 m (482 ft)Masonry
21 arches
Footbridge
Zayanderud
1665Isfahan
32°38′16.8″N 51°40′38.8″E / 32.638000°N 51.677444°E / 32.638000; 51.677444 (Joubi Bridge)
Isfahan[I 13]
[S 13]
[14]
17Mohammad Hassan Khan bridgeپل محمدحسن‌خانIran National Heritage140 m (460 ft)Masonry
9 arches

Babol Roud
18th centuryBabol
36°31′27.1″N 52°39′50.5″E / 36.524194°N 52.664028°E / 36.524194; 52.664028 (Mohammad Hassan Khan Bridge)
Mazandaran province[I 14]
[15]
[16]
18Davazdah Cheshmehپل دوازده چشمهBuilt during the Safavid dynasty
Iran National Heritage
130 m (430 ft)Masonry
12 arches
18th centuryAmol
36°28′17.5″N 52°21′21.9″E / 36.471528°N 52.356083°E / 36.471528; 52.356083 (Davazdah Cheshmeh)
Mazandaran province[I 15]
[S 14]
[17]
[16]
19Adobe Bridge of Langarudپل خشتی لنگرودIran National Heritage37 m (121 ft)Masonry
2 arches

Langeroud river
18th centuryLangarud
37°11′46.5″N 50°09′04.4″E / 37.196250°N 50.151222°E / 37.196250; 50.151222 (Adobe Bridge of Langarud)
Gilan[I 16]
[18]
20Maragha Bridgeپل مردقBuilt during the Safavid dynasty
Iran National Heritage
26 m (85 ft)Masonry
3 arches

Mardaq-Chay
Maragheh
37°20′35.3″N 46°24′13.0″E / 37.343139°N 46.403611°E / 37.343139; 46.403611 (Maragha Bridge)
East Azerbaijan[19]
21Shapoor Bridgeپل شاپورBuilt during the Qajar dynasty
Iran National Heritage
Masonry
2 arches

Otjun River
Chaybagh
36°21′02.0″N 52°51′35.7″E / 36.350556°N 52.859917°E / 36.350556; 52.859917 (Shapoor Bridge)
Mazandaran province[20]
22Miandoab Bridgeپل میرزا رسولBuilt during the Qajar dynasty
Iran National Heritage
52 m (171 ft)Masonry
5 arches
Out of order
Zarrineh River
Miandoab
36°57′24.2″N 46°03′12.3″E / 36.956722°N 46.053417°E / 36.956722; 46.053417 (Miandoab Bridge)
West Azerbaijan
23Pol-e Siahپل سیاه اهوازIran National Heritage1,050 m (3,440 ft)Beam
Steel
Railway bridge
Karun
1929Ahvaz
31°19′57.8″N 48°40′50.0″E / 31.332722°N 48.680556°E / 31.332722; 48.680556 (Pol-e Siah)
Khuzestan[Note 3]
[I 17]
[S 15]
24Veresk Bridgeپل ورسکIran National Heritage
Span : 66 m (217 ft)
Height : 110 m (360 ft)
112 m (367 ft)Masonry
1 main arch, 10 secondary arches
Trans-Iranian Railway
1936Veresk
35°54′11.9″N 52°59′26.7″E / 35.903306°N 52.990750°E / 35.903306; 52.990750 (Veresk Bridge)
Mazandaran province[I 18]
[S 16]
[21]
25Moalagh Bridgeپل معلق آملIran National Heritage140 m (460 ft)Arch
Concrete tied-arch
1959Amol
36°28′13.8″N 52°21′21.6″E / 36.470500°N 52.356000°E / 36.470500; 52.356000 (Moalagh Bridge)
Mazandaran province
26Tabiat Bridgeپل طبیعت270 m (890 ft)Truss
Steel
2014Tehran
35°45′15.5″N 51°21′13.6″E / 35.754306°N 51.353778°E / 35.754306; 51.353778 (Tabiat Bridge)
Tehran[I 19]
[S 17]
27Meshginshahr suspension bridgeپل معلق مشگین‌شهرSpan : 325 m (1,066 ft)
Height : 80 m (260 ft)
Suspension
Steel
Footbridge
Khiav River
2015Meshginshahr
38°22′30.8″N 47°41′02.2″E / 38.375222°N 47.683944°E / 38.375222; 47.683944 (Meshginshahr suspension bridge)
Ardabil[S 18]
[22]

Major bridges

Name Persian Span Length Type Carries
Crosses
Opened Location Province Ref.
1Persian Gulf Bridge
under construction
پل خلیج فارس360 m (1,180 ft)(x3)3,430 m (11,250 ft)Cable-stayed
Steel box girder deck, concrete pylons
(180+360+180)x3
Road-rail bridge
Clarence Strait
Bandar e Pol–Qeshm Island
26°57′44.9″N 55°45′16.8″E / 26.962472°N 55.754667°E / 26.962472; 55.754667 (Persian Gulf Bridge)
Hormozgan[23]
2Karun 4 Arch Bridgeپل قوسی کارون 4300 m (980 ft)378 m (1,240 ft)Arch
Steel deck arch
2015Kabusi
31°38′28.9″N 50°29′22.7″E / 31.641361°N 50.489639°E / 31.641361; 50.489639 (Karun 4 Arch Bridge)
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari[24]
[25]
3Sebalootak Bridgeپل ترکه ای سه بلوطک260 m (850 ft)416 m (1,365 ft)Cable-stayed
Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons
105+260+51
Road bridge
Karun
(reservoir of Karun-3 Dam)
2020Zaras
31°35′26.6″N 50°16′31.1″E / 31.590722°N 50.275306°E / 31.590722; 50.275306 (Sebalootak Bridge)
Khuzestan[26]
4Lali Bridgeپل لالی256 m (840 ft)460 m (1,510 ft)Cable-stayed
Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons
102+256+102
Lali New Road
Karun
(reservoir of Upper Gotvand Dam)
2011Lali
32°15′49.3″N 49°04′40.9″E / 32.263694°N 49.078028°E / 32.263694; 49.078028 (Lali Bridge)
Khuzestan[S 19]
[27]
[28]
[29]
5Karun 3 Dam Bridgeسد کارون 3252 m (827 ft)336 m (1,102 ft)Arch
Steel deck arch
2005Bajool
31°46′55.0″N 50°07′07.1″E / 31.781944°N 50.118639°E / 31.781944; 50.118639 (Karun 3 Dam Bridge)
Khuzestan[30]
6Ghotour Bridgeپل قطور223 m (732 ft)443 m (1,453 ft)Arch
Steel truss deck arch
1970Khoy
38°28′40.8″N 44°46′06.4″E / 38.478000°N 44.768444°E / 38.478000; 44.768444 (Ghotour Bridge)
West Azerbaijan[S 20]
[31]
7Eighth Ahvaz Bridgeپل هشتم212 m (696 ft)643 m (2,110 ft)Cable-stayed
Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons
78+212+78
Road bridge
Karun
2011Ahvaz
31°18′50.4″N 48°40′18.4″E / 31.314000°N 48.671778°E / 31.314000; 48.671778 (Eighth Ahvaz Bridge)
Khuzestan[S 21]
[32]
8Karun 4 Cable-stayed Bridgeپل ترکه ای کارون 4210 m (690 ft)380 m (1,250 ft)Cable-stayed
Steel deck and pylons
46+80+210+43
Road bridge
Pipeline bridge
Karun
(reservoir of Karun-4 Dam)
2016Morvari
31°44′49.0″N 50°23′34.6″E / 31.746944°N 50.392944°E / 31.746944; 50.392944 (Karun 4 Cable-stayed Bridge)
Khuzestan[33]
[34]
9Karun 3 Dam East Bridgeسد کارون 3160 m (520 ft)213 m (699 ft)Arch
Steel deck arch
2005Bajool
31°46′45.7″N 50°07′19.4″E / 31.779361°N 50.122056°E / 31.779361; 50.122056 (Karun 3 Dam East Bridge)
Khuzestan[30]
10Bahrami Bridgeپل کابلی150 m (490 ft)675 m (2,215 ft)Cable-stayed
Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons
72+150+72
Shushtar Bypass Road 39
Karun
2006Shushtar
32°02′02.1″N 48°49′19.7″E / 32.033917°N 48.822139°E / 32.033917; 48.822139 (Bahrami Bridge)
Khuzestan[S 22]
[35]
11Ninth Ahvaz Bridgeپل نهم اهواز150 m (490 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
80+150+80
Road bridge
Karun
2020Ahvaz
31°21′49.0″N 48°41′14.5″E / 31.363611°N 48.687361°E / 31.363611; 48.687361 (Ninth Ahvaz Bridge)
Khuzestan[36]
[37]
12Mared Bridgeپل مارد144 m (472 ft)384 m (1,260 ft)Arch
Steel tied arch
Road bridge
Karun
2005Khorramshahr
30°25′51.5″N 48°10′36.1″E / 30.430972°N 48.176694°E / 30.430972; 48.176694 (Mared Bridge)
Khuzestan[38]
[39]
13Seventh Ahvaz Bridgeپل هفتم140 m (460 ft)(x2)490 m (1,610 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
75+140+140+75
Road bridge
Karun
1998Ahvaz
31°20′05.4″N 48°41′16.0″E / 31.334833°N 48.687778°E / 31.334833; 48.687778 (Seventh Ahvaz Bridge)
Khuzestan[S 23]
[40]
14White Bridgeپل اهواز136 m (446 ft)501 m (1,644 ft)Arch
Steel through arch
136 and 130 m
Felestin Street - Taleghani
Karun
1936Ahvaz
31°19′25.2″N 48°40′36.3″E / 31.323667°N 48.676750°E / 31.323667; 48.676750 (White Bridge)
Khuzestan[S 24]
[41]
15Ghaziyan Bridgeپل غازیان125 m (410 ft)275 m (902 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
50+125+75+25
Twin bridges
2005Bandar-e Anzali
37°27′55.7″N 49°28′05.5″E / 37.465472°N 49.468194°E / 37.465472; 49.468194 (Ghaziyan Bridge)
Gilan[42]
16Gotvand Bridgeپل گتوند125 m (410 ft)260 m (850 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
67+125+67
Road bridge
Karun
2009Gotvand
32°15′38.7″N 48°50′00.7″E / 32.260750°N 48.833528°E / 32.260750; 48.833528 (Gotvand Bridge)
Khuzestan[43]
17Sardar Shahid Haj Qasim bridgeپل سردار شهید حاج قاسم125 m (410 ft)264 m (866 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
73+125+66
Baseri Hadi
30°43′37.4″N 52°03′34.7″E / 30.727056°N 52.059639°E / 30.727056; 52.059639 (Sardar Shahid Haj Qasim bridge)
Fars[44]
18Sevom Khordad Bridgeپل سوم خرداد120 m (390 ft)300 m (980 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
30+30+60+120+6
Road bridge
Karun
2005Darkhoveyn
30°44′14.6″N 48°24′26.6″E / 30.737389°N 48.407389°E / 30.737389; 48.407389 (Sevom Khordad Bridge)
Khuzestan[45]
19Tale Zang Bridgeپل راه آهن تله زنگ107 m (351 ft)224 m (735 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
67+107+50
Dorud-Andimeshk railway
Dez River
2012Tale Zang
32°49′31.5″N 48°45′53.3″E / 32.825417°N 48.764806°E / 32.825417; 48.764806 (Tale Zang Bridge)
Khuzestan[46]
20Imam Hossein Bridgeپل امام حسین101 m (331 ft)Cable-stayed
Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons
Road bridge
Mashhad
36°19′38.8″N 59°37′26.2″E / 36.327444°N 59.623944°E / 36.327444; 59.623944 (Imam Hossein Bridge)
Razavi Khorasan[47]
21Karun 1 Dam Bridgeپل کارون 1100 m (330 ft)190 m (620 ft)Box girder
Prestressed concrete
45+100+45
Road bridge
Karun
2005Eslamabad
32°02′06.1″N 49°36′34.7″E / 32.035028°N 49.609639°E / 32.035028; 49.609639 (Karun 1 Dam Bridge)
Khuzestan[48]
22Second Shushtar Bridgeپل دوم شوشتر100 m (330 ft)(x2)682 m (2,238 ft)Arch
Steel tied-arch
100+2x76+100
Road bridge
Karun
2011Shushtar
32°02′57.7″N 48°50′09.8″E / 32.049361°N 48.836056°E / 32.049361; 48.836056 (Second Shushtar Bridge)
Khuzestan[49]
[50]
23Urmia Lake Bridgeپل میان‌گذر دریاچه ارومیه100 m (330 ft)1,414 m (4,639 ft)Arch
Steel tied-arch
Urmia–Aq Gonbad
37°47′35.8″N 45°22′27.7″E / 37.793278°N 45.374361°E / 37.793278; 45.374361 (Urmia Lake Bridge)
West Azerbaijan[51]

Bridges out of service

Name Persian Length Type Carries
Crosses
Opened Damaged Location Province Ref.
Karaj B1 bridge پل B۱ 173 m (568 ft) Extradosed
Concrete box girder deck, concrete pylons
97+173+97
2023 (first section) 2 April 2026 Karaj
35°49′44.4″N 51°02′10.5″E / 35.829000°N 51.036250°E / 35.829000; 51.036250 (B1 Bridge)
Alborz [52][53][54]

See also

Notes and references

  • Notes
  1. ↑ Also called Pol-e Dokhtar Bridge.
  2. ↑ Also called Allah Verdy Khan Bridge.
  3. ↑ Also called Black Bridge or Victory Bridge.
  • Iran Tourism and Touring Organization. "List of Iranian bridges". itto.org.
  • Other references
  1. ↑ "Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System". Whc.unesco.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  2. ↑ "Shushtar". Livius.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  3. ↑ "Pul-i Qadim (Dizful), Dizful, Iran". Archnet.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  4. ↑ "Ancient Sassanid Bridge: A timeless icon of Dezful". Iran Daily. April 21, 2024. ISSN 1564-0205. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  5. ↑ "Pol-e Dokhtar". Livius.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  6. ↑ "Kavar bridge". Livius.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  7. ↑ Pourmohammadi, Pariya; Mafakher, Farshad; Saed Samiei, Asghar; Matin, Mehrdad (2020). "Typology of the "Internal Form-Structure" Drawing upon Argan's Formal Approach (Case Study: Historical Bridge-Caravanserai in Iran)" (PDF). Journal of Housing and Rural Environment. 39 (171): 80. doi:10.22034/39.171.87. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  8. ↑ "Gavmishan Bridge (Gumishe: breeding site for cows)". En.irancultura.it - Cultural Institute of Iran in Rome. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  9. ↑ Razani, Mahdi; Sefidkhani, Ramin Mohammadi (2017). "Pol-e-Dokhtar in Mīyāneh, History, Documents and Restorations" (PDF). Athar - Scientific & Technical and Art Quarterly (in Persian). 78. ISSN 1024-2647. Retrieved August 18, 2024. {{cite journal}}: Check |issn= value (help)
  10. ↑ Prade, Marcel Le pont de la Jeune-Fille (Dokhtaré-Pol), sur le Kisi-Lou, p.203
  11. ↑ "Pul-i Shahristan, Isfahan, Iran". Archnet.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  12. ↑ "Pul-i Allahvardi Khan, Isfahan, Iran". Archnet.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  13. ↑ "Pul-i Khwaju, Isfahan, Iran". Archnet.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  14. ↑ "Pul-i Jui, Isfahan, Iran". Archnet.org. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  15. ↑ MehdiNezhad, AmirKolaee, Nikbakht, PateRoudi, Structural Identification of Bridges(Case Study: Mazandaran, Iran) (PDF). p. 242, 243.
  16. 1 2 "Mazandaran - Historical Monuments - Historical Bridges". Chnpress.com - Cultural Heritage News Agency. Archived from the original on 2012-02-23. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  17. ↑ MehdiNezhad, AmirKolaee, Nikbakht, PateRoudi, Structural Identification of Bridges(Case Study: Mazandaran, Iran) (PDF). p. 240-242.
  18. ↑ "آشنایی با پل خشتی لنگرود - گیلان". Hamshahrionline.ir (in Persian). Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  19. ↑ "Maragheh Mardaq-Chay Bridge, Memorial of Safavid Era". Mehr News Agency. Archived from the original on 2005-04-25. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  20. ↑ MehdiNezhad, AmirKolaee, Nikbakht, PateRoudi, Structural Identification of Bridges(Case Study: Mazandaran, Iran) (PDF). p. 241.
  21. ↑ Kivani, Mahtisa; Keyhani, Ali (2023). "Health monitoring of the Veresk Bridge by comparing the results of precision instrument measurements and modelling with Abaqus software and wavelet function". Roads and Bridges - Drogi I Mosty. 22 (2): 181-199. doi:10.7409/rabdim.023.009. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  22. ↑ "Mideast's tallest suspension bridge inaugurated in Meshkinshahr". Iran (newspaper). 2015-05-17. Archived from the original on 2020-01-15. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  23. ↑ The Project for Community-Based Sustainable Development Master Plan Of Qeshm Island Toward "Eco-Island" in the Islamic Republic of Iran (PDF) (Report). Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) - Qeshm Free Zone Organization (QFZO). January 2019. Retrieved August 18, 2024. {{cite report}}: Check |url= value (help)
  24. ↑ "Karoon IV Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  25. ↑ "Iran's Longest Arch Bridge Opens". Financial Tribune. 2015-06-17. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  26. ↑ "Sebalootak Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  27. ↑ "Lali Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  28. ↑ Haug, Holger; Krieger, Kornelius; Walser, Peter (2012). "Lali-Brücke und Ausbau des Sadr Expressway" [Lali Bridge and expansion of the Sadr Expressway]. Brückenbau - Construction & Engineering (in German). pp. 6–9. ISSN 1867-643X.
  29. ↑ "Lali Bridge - Lali, Iran". Nck.ca. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  30. 1 2 "Karoon III Arch Bridges over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  31. ↑ Ataei, S.; Shariatzadeh, M. (2022). "Displacement monitoring of a Long-Span Arch Railway Bridge using Digital Image Correlation (DIC)" (PDF). International Journal of Railway Research. 8 (2). Iran University of Science and Technology. ISSN 2423-3838.
  32. ↑ "Ahvaz Eighth Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  33. ↑ "Karoon IV Pipeline Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  34. ↑ "Design, fabrication and execution of Karun 4 cable stayed bridge in EPC for passage of oil/gas pipeline" (PDF). Msa.ir. Machine Sazi Arak - Bridge & Steek Structures Production Group. p. 23. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  35. ↑ "محور شوشتر - دزفول در محدوده پل كابلي مسدود مي شود" [Shushtar-Dezful axis to be blocked in Kabul bridge area]. Islamic Republic News Agency (in Persian). Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  36. ↑ "Ahvaz Ninth Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  37. ↑ "9th Ahwaz Bridge". Hexa.ir. Archived from the original on July 10, 2015. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  38. ↑ "Mared Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  39. ↑ "Shahid Jahanara & Yadegar -e-Emam bridges" (PDF). Msa.ir. Machine Sazi Arak - Bridge & Steek Structures Production Group. p. 12. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  40. ↑ "Ahvaz Seventh Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  41. ↑ "پل معلق (پل سفید) اهواز" [Suspension Bridge (White Bridge) Ahvaz]. Degar.ir (in Persian). Archived from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  42. ↑ "Ghazian Bridge over the Ghazian Firth of the Caspian See, Province of Guilan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  43. ↑ "Gotvand (Gheysar Aminpour) Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  44. ↑ "احداث مرتفع‌ترین پل آزادراهی کشور در اصفهان-شیراز" [Construction of the country's highest freeway bridge in Isfahan-Shiraz]. Islamic Republic News Agency (in Persian). Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  45. ↑ "Khordad the Third (Darkhovin Oil Field) Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  46. ↑ "Taleh Zang Doroud- Andimeshk Railway Bridge, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  47. ↑ "پل امام حسین (ع) مشهد" [Imam Hossein (AS) Mashhad bridge]. Payab-zamzam.ir - Geotechnical Instruments and Engineering Services (in Persian). Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  48. ↑ "Karoon I (Abasspour) Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  49. ↑ "Shooshtar Second Bridge over the Karoon Perennial River, Province of Khoozestan, Iran". Hexa.ir. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  50. ↑ "Shooshtar bridge on Shotait river" (PDF). Msa.ir. Machine Sazi Arak - Bridge & Steek Structures Production Group. p. 12. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  51. ↑ "Oromieh Lake Bridge, Iran" (PDF). Aaj.no. Aas-Jakobsen Civil Engineering Consulting, Oslo. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  52. ↑ "پیش تنیدگی عرشه بتنی در پل بزرگ آزادراه شمالی کرج" [Pre-tensioning of concrete deck in Karaj North Freeway Grand Bridge]. Payab-zamzam.ir - Geotechnical Instruments and Engineering Services (in Persian). Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  53. ↑ https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2026/04/02/iran-war-latest-news-trump-speech-israel-strait-of-hormuz/
  54. ↑ Sabbagh, Dan (2 April 2026). "Trump warns Tehran 'more to follow' after strike destroys Iran's largest bridge". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 April 2026.

Further reading