List of China tornadoes

Damage from an EF3 tornado in Shengze, China in 2021

China experiences dozens of tornadoes each year, most often in the summer in the country's south, east, and northeast. Several tornadoes have been deadly, including the 2016 Funing tornado, which killed 98 people. In 2021, an outbreak of 13 tornadoes killed at least 12 people.

Climatology

Dozens of tornadoes touch down in China each year, with an average of 44 based on a survey from 2003 to 2019.[1] The country's areas most commonly affected are in the south, east, and northeast. Tornadoes most typically affect the country in the summer, with a peak in July, followed by August. The earliest event in a calendar year was 12 January, 1996, in Guangdong. The latest was on 20 December, 1977, in Inner Mongolia Province.[2][3]

Events

Event Date Area Tornadoes Casualties Notes Sources
Shanghai, China tornado outbreak 24 September 1956 Shanghai 3 68 fatalities, 842 injuries Three tornadoes hit Shanghai, one of which was estimated at 100 metres (330 ft) wide. Numerous residential buildings were demolished, a 60-ton crane was toppled, and a 10-ton empty oil tank was thrown 120 metres (390 ft), wounding 5 people who were hiding inside. Elsewhere, 37 people were killed and 150 injured at the Shanghai Polytechnic University, where buildings were collapsed, including a 4-story building which was "cut in half" by the tornado. [4][5]
Hubei, China tornado 22 April 1958 Hanchuan, Hubei Province, China – 133 fatalities Tornado rated at least F3 on the Fujita scale. [6]
Shandong, China tornado 5 July 1958 Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, China – 63 fatalities [6]
Hubei, China tornado 31 July 1964 Xiaogan, Hubei Province, China – 82 fatalities [6]
Jiangsu, China tornado 3 March 1966 Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China – 74–87 fatalities Tornado moved northeast and was over 1 kilometer wide. A total of 30 river vessels were left missing, and thousands of buildings were damaged. Tornado rated around F4 on the Fujita scale. [6][4]
Bazhou–Tianjin, China tornadoes 28–29 August 1969 Bazhou, Hebei Province, China–Tianjin 2 146 fatalities, >1,610 injuries On 28 August, a tornado moved from the Hongqiao District to the Nankai District of Tianjin. Six boats were overturned and sank. On the following day, a tornado touched down near Chuhegang Village before moving into Tianjin, dissipating near the Finance and Economics School. The second tornado was much more intense - along the path, trees were uprooted, chimney stacks were toppled, and concrete factories were severely damaged or leveled. The auditorium of the Finance and Economics School was also destroyed. The two tornadoes killed 146 people, of which 52 died in Tianjin and 94 in Chu Hegang Village. Second tornado was rated a high-end F4 (an low-end F5 intensity is plausible) on the Fujita scale. [6][4][7]
Hubei, China tornado outbreak 16 April 1977 Hubei Province, China ≥3 118 fatalities, 1,100+ injuries Three tornadoes touched down in Hubei Province. Xiaogan, Huangpi, and Huanggang counties were affected. Concrete buildings were destroyed by the tornadoes and numerous trees were uprooted. In Huanggang County, the auditorium of Zongluzui High School was destroyed during a movie viewing, killing 86 people and injuring hundreds. The Huanggang County tornado alone killed 103 people, and was rated at least F3 on the Fujita scale. [6][5]
Shaanxi, China tornado 14 April 1978 Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China 1 84 fatalities, 334 injuries A 15-minute, 300 metres (980 ft) wide tornado destroyed 90% of houses in Zhoucheng village. The tornado was rated EF3. The tornado path was about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) long. A total of 945 houses were destroyed, and more than 6,000 trees were damaged. [6][8]
Hunan, China tornado 17 April 1979 Changde, Hunan Province, China – 59 fatalities [6]
Hunan, China tornado 27 April 1983 Xiangyin County, Miluo City and Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, China 1 81 fatalities, 970 injuries A large tornado affected several counties, leaving a trail of catastrophic destruction. Rated EF4, the tornado uprooted an ancient camphor tree with a diameter at breast height of 3.15 metres (10.3 ft), ripped a 110‑kV high‑tension power pole from the ground and hurled it 6 metres (20 ft) from its base, toppled an installed 50‑kVA transformer and carried it over 10 metres (33 ft), flattened a newly built single‑story brick‑and‑wood courtyard house covering more than 1,000 square metres (10,800 sq ft), and shattered a 60‑square‑metre (650 sq ft) concrete slab into pieces and swept them more than 100 metres (330 ft) away. Elsewhere along its path, the tornado collapsed 2,600 homes and "destroyed" more than 300,000 trees. Two school pupils died after being thrown over 300 metres (980 ft). Fish and shrimp were deposited in nearby mountains. The direct economic loss totaled 12.711 million yuan. [6][5][4]
Shanghai, China tornadoes 11 July 1986 Shanghai 4 31 fatalities, 168 injuries Several tornadoes, described as being similar in strength to the ones in 1956, affected Shanghai. The tornadoes destroyed 4,800 buildings, 11 schools and 14 factories. [4][9]
Heilongjiang, China tornado outbreak 31 July 1987 Heilongjiang Province, China 10+ 16 fatalities, 442 injuries A tornado outbreak affected Heilongjiang Province. Fourteen counties and cities were affected. An EF4 tornadoes occurred across Hailun. Another EF4 tornado struck Keshan Farm, and an EF2 struck Baiquan County. [4][10]
Guangdong Province, China tornado 19 April 1995 Guangdong Province, China – 7 fatalities [11]
South China tornado 20 April 2003 Tiaofeng Town of Leizhou City, Guangdong Province, China 29 injuries Unclear how many houses destroyed since more houses are listed as destroyed than affected ("affected 423 homes and destroyed 793 houses"), and if that many houses were actually destroyed, the deaths and injuries may have been under-reported. [12]
Hong Kong Airport Tornado 20 May 2003 Hong Kong 1 None A weak tornado struck Hong Kong International Airport.[13]
Hong Kong Airport Tornado 6 September 2004 Hong Kong 1 None An anticyclonic tornado briefly touched down at the Hong Kong International Airport. [14]
Guangdong, China tornado 11 May 2005 Huilai County and Lufeng, Guangdong Province, China 6 fatalities, 100+ injuries 204 houses destroyed, 28,310 people affected, 31 million yuan in economic losses [15]
Jiangsu, China tornado 14 June 2005 Shuyang County, Jiangsu Province, China 7 fatalities, 223+ injuries "Several hundred were injured", 194,487 houses destroyed, 825,000 people affected, 1.2 billion yuan in economic losses [16]
Hunan, China tornado 27 July 2005 Hengyang and Hengnan counties, Hunan Province, China 7 fatalities, 207 injuries 2,430 houses destroyed, 700 families homeless, some injuries caused by chemical leaks associated with the storm [17]
Anhui, China tornado 30 July 2005 Anhui Province, China 15 fatalities, 46 injuries 42.1 million yuan in economic losses [18]
Nanyang, Henan, China tornado 3 August 2005 20 townships, Nanyang city, Henan Province, China 2 fatalities, 35 injuries 15,000 trees uprooted, 136 million yuan in economic losses [19]
Guangdong, China tornado 11–15 August 2005 Qishi Township and 384 villages in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China 3 fatalities, 195 injuries 20 people missing- unknown if found from news accounts [20][21]
Shanghai, China tornado 13 August 2005 Dongjie Village of Huangdu Town, Jiading, Qingpu and Baoshan districts, Shanghai, China 9 injuries Caused power outage for 3,760 families and 124 businesses. Tornado also knocked down five high-voltage power lines, causing more widespread power outages. [22]
Guangdong, China tornado 8 September 2005 17 villages in Lianjiang City, Guangdong Province, China None No casualties, injuries unknown, 10,000 people affected, 480 houses destroyed, 12.8 million yuan in economic losses. [23]
Hainan, China tornado 27 September 2005 Lingao County, Hainan Province, China 6 fatalities, 15 injuries 6 houses destroyed, 70 others damaged [24]
Jiangsu, China tornado 29 November 2005 Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China 6 fatalities, 52 injuries [25]
Anhui, China tornado 6 December 2005 Wuwei County, Anhui Province, China 16 fatalities, 162 injuries 715 houses destroyed, 24 million yuan in economic losses [26]
Guangdong, China tornado 1 March 2006 Leizhou City, Guangdong Province, China 9 injuries 510 houses destroyed. [27]
Shanghai, China tornado 13 March 2006 Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China 34 injuries [28]
Shenzhen, China tornado 27 March 2006 Longgang and Pingshan districts, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China 5 fatalities, 12 injuries [29]
Anhui, China tornado 29 June 2006 Sixian County, Anhui Province China 3 fatalities, 46 injuries Deaths from the collapse of a school roof on students. [30][31]
Southeast China tornado 3 July 2007 Gaoyou City, Jiangsu Province and Tianchang City, Anhui Province, China 14 fatalities, 151 injuries [32][33]
Zhejiang, China tornado 18 August 2007 Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China 11 fatalities, 62 injuries 156 houses destroyed. [34][35]
Heilongjiang, China tornado 25 May 2008 Wuchang City, Heilongjiang Province, China 1 fatality, 36 injuries F2 tornado and hailstorm hit 7 towns. A total of 433 houses damaged. [36]
Guangdong, China tornado 6 June 2008 Wuchuan, Guangdong, China 20 injuries [37]
Anhui, China tornado 20 June 2008 Lingbi County, Anhui Province, China 1 fatality, 49 injuries 650 houses destroyed and 960 damaged, 950 people relocated. [38][39]
East China Sea tornado 5 July 2008 East China Sea, China 3 fatalities Fishing boat capsized, 4 people still missing [40][41]
Jiangsu, China tornado 30 July 2008 Linze Town, Jiangsu Province, China 4 fatalities, 90+ injuries Associated with Tropical Storm Fung-wong, 751,600 people were evacuated in advance [42]
Chongqing, China tornado 6 May 2010 Dianjiang and Liangping counties, Chongqing Municipality, China 39 fatalities, 200 injuries [43][44]
Heilongjiang, China tornado 15 May 2010 Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province, China 7 fatalities, 98 injuries [45]
Jiangxi, China tornado 20 July 2010 Yongxiu County, Jiangxi Province, China Unknown Unknown mortality and damages from news article found. [46]
Guangdong, China tornado 2 May 2011 Dabu Town of Ruyuan Yao Nationality Autonomous County, Guangdong Province China None 1 house destroyed, 53 damaged, injuries unknown. [47]
Hunan, China tornado 9 May 2012 Lianyuan, Hunan Province, China 4 fatalities, 30 injuries 5,000 people in the area forced to relocate, up to 1,000 collapsed houses. [48]
Jiangxi, China tornado 17–22 July 2012 Yunsyu County, Jiangxi Province and Anhui Province, China 1 fatality, numerous injuries Total loss of life and property unclear from the news report. Number of wounded unclear from article. A total of 580,000 people affected by severe weather. [49]
Guangxi, China tornado 17 April 2013 Qixing District, Guilin and Rong'an County, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China 8 injuries [50]
Hunan, China tornado 20 March 2013 Dao County, Hunan Province, China 3 fatalities, 52 injuries [51][52]
Guangdong, China tornado 21 March 2013 Fujian Province and Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China 24 fatalities, 148 injuries Capsized a river ferry, killing 11; 215,000 people in the area forced to relocate because of severe weather. [53]
Jiangsu & Anhui, China tornado 7 July 2013 Yuhu Village, Gaoyou City and Yizheng City, Jiangsu Province, and Tianchang City, Anhui Province, China 49 injuries 500 houses damaged, some rows of houses completely leveled to foundations. [54][55]
Foshan City, China tornado 4 October 2015 Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China 3 fatalities, 80 injuries Associated with Typhoon Mujigae. [56][57]
Jiangxi, China tornado 16 April 2016 Yichin City and Shangu Town, Jing'an County and Gao'an County, Jiangxi Province, China None 258 houses damaged, 27 million yuan in damages. [58]
Jiangsu tornado 23 June 2016 Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China ≥2 99 fatalities, 846 injuries An EF4 tornado accompanied by a hailstorm killed at least 98 people and injured 846 others. The same supercell later produced a second tornado that killed one person [59]
Wuhan tornado outbreak 14-15 May 2021 Wuhan, China ≥13 15 fatalities, 400 injuries At least 12 people were killed and hundreds were injured in a major tornado outbreak across the Wuhan and Jiangsu provinces of China. At least one EF3 tornado was confirmed. [60][61]
Typhoon Maysak (2026) 4-6 July 2026 Southeastern China 3 12 fatalities, >331 injuries 12 people were killed by 2 separate tornadoes, the deadliest was a preliminary rated EF3 in Huanggang City, Hubei, killing 10 and injuring over 331 others. Another killer EF3 tornado was also reported in Daye, Hubei with 2 additional fatalities. [62][63]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Genshen Fang; Yi Zhang; Jinxin Cao; Weichiang Pang; Jin Wan; Shuyang Cao; Yaojun Ge; Zuopeng Wen (December 2024). "Development and application of a tornado database for the Chinese mainland". Advances in Wind Engineering. 1 (2). doi:10.1016/j.awe.2024.100019.
  2. ↑ 范雯杰; Wenjie, F. A. N.; 俞小鼎; Xiaoding, Y. U. (2015-07-25). "中国龙卷的时空分布特征". qxqk.nmc.cn (in Chinese). Retrieved 2026-07-11.
  3. ↑ Xiaoying Xue; Guoyu Ren; Xiangde Xu; Siqi Zhang (September 21, 2023). "Spatial-temporal characteristics of tornadoes in China based on observational data of meteorological stations" (PDF). Climate Research. 91. doi:10.3354/cr01725. Retrieved July 10, 2026.
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  59. ↑ "China mounts rescue efforts as tornado toll hits 98". Bangkok Post. AFP. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
  60. ↑ "Tornadoes hit two Chinese provinces, killing 12, injuring hundreds". Reuters. May 15, 2021. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  61. ↑ "Tornadoes kill at least 7, injure hundreds in China". CBC. May 14, 2021. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  62. ↑ "Tornado sucks man from 12th-floor apartment in China - UPI.com". UPI. Retrieved 2026-07-09.
  63. ↑ Kaur, Reet (2026-07-07). "'Historically rare' tornado strikes Huanggang, causing extensive urban damage in Hubei Province, China". The Watchers. Retrieved 2026-07-09.
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