James Henry Lawrence-Archer

James Henry Lawrence Archer or Lawrence-Archer (28 July 1823 – 14 February 1889)[1] was a British soldier, collector of botanical specimens, and author best known for his guide to the Monumental Inscriptions of the British West Indies.

Early life

James Henry Lawrence Archer (his surname also given as Lawrence-Archer) was born in 1823,[2] son of James Henry Archer (b. 1798), MD, and Mary, third daughter of Alexander Edgar, of a Lanarkshire family;[3] the name "Lawrence" came from his mother's family, her grandmother, Rachael, being daughter of Lawrence Lawrence, who Lawrence-Archer claimed to be related to the Lawrence baronets of Iver, Buckinghamshire. The Archer family were Scottish armigers, and Lawrence-Archer had maternal ancestors resident in Jamaica.[4][5][6]

Career

Battle of Chillianwallah. Charge of H.M. 24th Regiment through jungle and water, 13 January 1849, lithograph by Edmund Walker, after J.H. Archer, as he was then known.

Lawrence-Archer was gazetted second lieutenant in the 39th Regiment in 1840, later serving with the 24th Regiment during the Second Anglo-Sikh War from 1848 to 1849. He was in service at the Battle of Chillianwallah, where he was wounded, and present at the Battle of Gujarat.[7]

He served with the 60th King's Royal Rifle Corps, being gazetted captain in 1855, and went on half-pay with the rank in 1869; later holding the rank of major, he remained on the half-pay list until his death.[1][8][9]

He collected botanical specimens during his military service, such as the seeds from China that he offered to William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, along with other botanical samples that he had personally collected in Mauritius, Anjer, Ascension and St Vincent.[10]

Battle of Guzrat, 21st Feb 1849, another lithograph from a sketch by Archer

As an author he is best known for his guide to the Monumental Inscriptions of the British West Indies. A branch of the Archer family were resident first in Barbados and then in Jamaica.[11]

Death and legacy

Lawrence-Archer died at Umberslade Parva in Warwickshire on 14 February 1889. His address was also given as Bedford Park, Chiswick, now in London. He left an estate of £100.[12] A prolific correspondent, letters from Lawrence-Archer are held by a number of archives, including Kew Gardens, the National Library of Scotland, the University of California[13] and the British Library which holds his genealogical notes on West Indian families.[2]

Selected publications

References

  1. 1 2 Boase, Frederic (1965). Modern English Biography, Containing Many Thousand Concise Memoirs of Persons who Have Died Between the Years 1851-1900, with an Index of the Most Interesting Matter. Vol. 4—A to C. Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. p. 153.
  2. 1 2 Archer, James Henry Lawrence (1823-1889), Major, antiquary. National Archives. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  3. ↑ Lawrence-Archer, James Henry (1873). An Account of the Sirname Edgar: And Particularly of the Family of Wedderlie in Berwickshire. London: John Camden Hotten. p. 23.
  4. ↑ Lawrence-Archer, James Henry. (1861) Memorials of Families of the Surname of Archer. London: John Russell Smith. pp. 2, 67.
  5. ↑ Camp, Anthony J. "Diary of a Genealogist, 1820-2010: The Background, Foundation and Development of the Society of Genealogists and Genealogy in London: Monumental Inscriptions". Anthony J. Camp.
  6. ↑ Ingram, Kenneth E. (1976). Sources of Jamaican History 1655-1838: A Bibliographical Survey with Particular Reference to Manuscript Sources. Vol. 1. p. 572.
  7. ↑ "James Henry Archer". Museum of the Manchester Regiment The Men Behind the Medals. Museum of the Manchester Regiment. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
  8. ↑ Hart, Henry George (1863). Hart's Annual Army List, Militia List, and Imperial Yeomanry List for 1863. London: John Murray. pp. 329, 333.
  9. ↑ Lawrence-Archer, James Henry (1887). The Orders of Chivalry, from the Original Statutes of the Various Orders of Knighthood, and Other Sources of Information. London: W. H. Allen and Co. Titles.
  10. ↑ Letter from Captain J. H. Lawrence-Archer to Sir William Jackson Hooker. Global Plants, Jstor. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  11. ↑ Lawrence-Archer, James Henry. (1861) Memorials of Families of the Surname of Archer. London: John Russell Smith. p. 68.
  12. ↑ 1889 Probate Calendar. p. 124.
  13. ↑ "Lawrence-Archer collection of letters to J. Gough Nichols, 1872 Jan 8-July 13". Calisphere. University of California. Retrieved 17 June 2024. Collection of letters and pamphlets from James Henry Lawrence-Archer to J. Gough Nichols, all signed and dated A) 001-003: July 13, 1872, B) 004-006 January 8, 1872, C) 007-008: January 8, 1872, D) 009-011: January 12, 1872, E) 012-014: January 21, 1872. Letters were sent from either Pembroke Villas, Worcester [England] or Edinburgh, [Scotland]. Found in the 19th Century Pamphlet Collection, Literary Misc.
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