Dong Haichuan
| 董海川 Dong Haichuan | |
|---|---|
| Born | October 13, 1797 or October 13, 1813 Zhu village, Ju Jia Wu, Wen'an, Hebei, China |
| Died | October 25, 1882 (aged 85) or October 25, 1882 (aged 69) Beijing, China |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Style | Luohanquan |
| Rank | Founder of Baguazhang |
| Other information | |
| Notable students | Yin Fu (尹福), Ma Gui (马贵), Cheng Tinghua (程廷华), Liang Zhenpu (梁振蒲) |
| Dong Haichuan | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | 董海川 | ||||||
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| Part of a series on |
| Chinese martial arts (Wushu) |
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Dong Haichuan (13 October 1797 or 1813 – 25 October 1882) is regarded as a skillful martial artist and widely credited to be the founder of Baguazhang.[1] Most, if not all, existing schools of Baguazhang place Dong Haichuan at the beginning of their lineage. Some traditional teachers in China do not regard Dong as the founder, though, merely as the first identified transmitter of Baguazhang knowledge to the wider public. In their opinion, prior to Dong, Baguazhang teaching was conducted behind closed doors from one Taoist to another within Taoist schools.[2][3]
Biography
He was born on 13 October 1797 or 1813 in Zhu village, Ju Jia Wu Township, Wen'an County, Hebei Province, China. As a child and young man he intensely trained in the martial arts of his village. The arts were probably Shaolin-based and may have included Bafanshan (a possible precursor to Fanziquan), Hongquan, Xingmenquan, and Jingangquan. These were the arts being taught in and around Dong's village at this time.[4] Alternatively, Dong is sometimes said to have learned and practiced Erlangquan or Luohanquan,[5]
Some believe that he consistently taught only the first three of eight palms (Single Change Palm, Double Change Palm and Smooth Body Palm) and that he would vary the last five depending on the individuals' previous martial arts experience. Others believe that he taught considerably more material. It was also in his public teaching period that the art was given the name Baguazhang (Eight tri-gram palm). Baguazhang became popular in Beijing and surrounding areas.[6]
He died on 25 October 1882 in Beijing.
Students
Dong taught Baguazhang to several highly regarded martial artists, notably Fu Zhensong, Yin Fu, Ma Gui, Cheng Tinghua and Liang Zhenpu. Some of these students' names are recorded on his grave.[7]
Bibliography
- Smith, Robert W. "Chinese Boxing", ISBN 1-55643-085-X
- Liang, Shou-Yu; Yang, Jwing-Ming; Wu, Wen-Ching "Baguazhang : Emei Baguazhang Theory and Applications", pp 36–38, ISBN 0-940871-30-0
- Smith, Robert W.; Pittman, Allen "Pa-Kua – Eight Trigram Boxing" pp 19–22, ISBN 0-8048-1618-2
See also
References
- ↑ Nine Dragon Baguazhang Archived 20 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Liang Shou-yu, Yang Jwing-Ming, Wu Wen-Ching, "Baguazhang: Emei Baguazhang Theory and Applications" 1996.
- ↑ Frank Allen, Tina Chunna Zhang, "The Whirling Circles of Ba Gua Zhang: The Art and Legends of the Eight Trigram Palm 2007".
- ↑ "The Pa Kua Chang Journal". The Pa Kua Chang Journal. 3 (1). High View Publications and B&R Endeavors, LLC. Archived from the original on 29 November 2002.
- ↑ Guangxi Wang (2012). Chinese Kung Fu. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-05-211-8664-3.
- ↑ Cardinal. "Baguazhang, Eight-Diagram Palms Shadow Boxing". Sonshi.
- ↑ "October 2009+00:05:38 Ottawa Chinese Martial Arts". webcitation.org. Archived from the original on 21 October 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
External links
- The Yin and Yang of Ba Gua Zhang: The Legends of Thin Yin and Spectacles Cheng by Frank Allen & Clarence Lu