Ben Maddow

Ben Maddow
Born
Benjamin David Maddow

(1909-08-07)August 7, 1909
Passaic, New Jersey, U.S.
DiedOctober 9, 1992(1992-10-09) (aged 83)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
EducationColumbia University
OccupationsScreenwriter, poet, short story author, film director
Spouse
Freda Flier
​
(m. 1944)​
[1]
Children2
Writing career
Pen nameDavid Wolff

Benjamin David Maddow (August 7, 1909 – October 9, 1992) was an American screenwriter, documentarian, and poet,[2] whose career spanned the 1930s to 1970s.[3] He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for his work on The Asphalt Jungle (1950), and shared a BAFTA Award for Best Documentary for co-directing the documentary The Savage Eye (1960).

He sometimes used the pen name David Wolff.[4]

Early life and education

Maddow was born in 1909 in Passaic, New Jersey to Russian-Jewish immigrant parents.[5] He graduated in 1930 with a degree in biophysics from Columbia University, but with the onset of the Great Depression he was unemployed for two years. He eventually found work as an orderly at Bellevue Hospital.[6] He then got a job with New York City's Emergency Relief Bureau as a social welfare investigator.[7][8] He was also writing poetry (which he had started doing at Columbia) under the pseudonym 'David Wolff'.[4] In January 1940, his poem "The City" won the Harriet Monroe Memorial Prize, worth $100.[9]

Film career

Maddow's film career began when he answered an ad to write commentary for a short documentary, Harbor Scenes (1935), being made by photographer Ralph Steiner.[6] Maddow was impressed with the power of the film medium. He partnered with Leo Hurwitz and others to form NYKino, an independent company devoted to making socially conscious films.[5][10] In 1936, NYKino initiated a left-wing newsreel series, The World Today. It was patterned after The March of Time and produced two episodes, "Sunnyside" and "The Black Legion". In March 1937, NYKino was renamed Frontier Films.[11] Maddow co-wrote, either using his own name or "David Wolff", the Frontier-made documentaries People of the Cumberland (1937), Heart of Spain (1937), China Strikes Back (1937), and United Action Means Victory (1939). The company's most successful effort was the 1942 documentary feature, Native Land, narrated by Paul Robeson and co-written by Maddow, Hurwitz, and Paul Strand.

During World War II, Maddow served in the U.S. Army's First Motion Picture Unit.[5] After the war, he obtained work in Hollywood as a screenwriter. His first feature film credit was Framed (1947).[12] After co-writing The Man from Colorado (1948), he and fellow leftist Walter Bernstein adapted Gerald Butler's novel Kiss the Blood Off My Hands into a noir-thriller of the same title. In his next assignment, Maddow undertook the task of adapting William Faulkner's Intruder in the Dust, with its complex narrative structure, into an accessible screen drama. The resulting film, directed by Clarence Brown, is regarded as one of the better Faulkner adaptations.[13][14]

Maddow's most notable achievement was to adapt, with writer-director John Huston, W. R. Burnett's 1949 crime novel The Asphalt Jungle into the critically acclaimed 1950 film. For their work, Maddow and Huston received an Oscar nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay, among other accolades.

Maddow continued his interest in the documentary genre; he wrote and directed The Stairs (1950), which was commissioned by the National Bureau of Mental Health.[15]

Hollywood Blacklist

Maddow was working on scripts for two films destined to become classics, High Noon (1952) and The Wild One (1953), when he was informed he had been fired from both projects.[6] He figured that he was being blacklisted for his left-wing documentaries from the 1930s.[8] In early 1953 he was named as a Communist to the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) by the wife of screenwriter Leo Townsend.[16] Maddow was subpoenaed by the HUAC and testified on March 28, 1953. He invoked both the First Amendment and Fifth Amendment rather than answer the committee's question about whether he was a member of the Communist Party.[7][17]

While blacklisted he wrote for several years under pseudonyms and "fronts". He contributed to Johnny Guitar (1954), credited to Philip Yordan. Maddow also used Yordan as a front for Men in War (1957) and God's Little Acre (1958), an adaptation of the Erskine Caldwell novel.[6]

In a controversial move that cost him friendships, Maddow decided in 1958 to cooperate with the HUAC and name names, including his former documentary partner Leo Hurwitz.[18] Maddow explained this decision, which ended his blacklisting, in a 1989 interview with Patrick McGilligan.[6][19]

After the blacklist

In 1959, Maddow made The Savage Eye, "a dramatized documentary look at the seedy side of Los Angeles".[8] It won the BAFTA Flaherty Documentary Award.[20] He and John Huston teamed up again to work on The Unforgiven. They co-wrote the episode "The Professor" for the 1961 TV series The Asphalt Jungle. Two years later, Maddow directed his first feature film, the offbeat drama An Affair of the Skin. He was employed steadily as a writer in the 1960s: he adapted the Jean Genet play The Balcony for the 1963 film; he co-wrote the screenplays for The Way West (1967) and The Secret of Santa Vittoria (1969); and he contributed scripts to TV series such as The Untouchables, Naked City, Arrest and Trial, and Kraft Suspense Theatre.[5]

In 1968, Maddow drafted a screenplay of Edmund Naughton's novel McCabe; however, Maddow's approach to adapting the novel was mostly jettisoned, and he was not credited on the 1971 film, McCabe & Mrs. Miller.[21] His final credited film effort was the screenplay for The Mephisto Waltz (1970). He directed the award-winning documentary, A Storm of Strangers in 1969.[15] He also wrote the TV movie Man on a String, which aired in 1972.

In a 1971 interview with Richard Corliss, Maddow wryly commented on the challenges of adapting novels to the screen: "[I]f the novel is bad, the film has a decent chance to be good. If the novel is fairly good, the film is generally not bad at all. But if the novel is great, the film, paralyzed with admiration, is quite hopeless."[22]

Other writings

Maddow also wrote short fiction. His story, "In a Cold Hotel", was one of the O. Henry Award winners of 1963.[23] His only novel, 44 Gravel Street, was published in 1959.

After retiring from screenwriting, Maddow pursued various non-fiction projects. He researched and wrote illustrated biographies of photographers Edward Weston and W. Eugene Smith. The Weston work was nominated for a National Book Award in 1974.[15]

Death

On October 9, 1992, Ben Maddow died of congestive heart failure at the Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center.[3] He was 83.[15]

References

  1. ↑ "Freda Flier Maddow, 87, Modern Dancer, Is Dead". The New York Times. December 29, 2004.
  2. ↑ "Ben Maddow". The Poetry Foundation. Retrieved August 25, 2026.
  3. 1 2 Honan, William H. (October 14, 1992). "Ben Maddow, 83, Prolific Writer in Many Genres". The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  4. 1 2 "David Wolff". AFI Film Catalog.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Ewing, Jack (2023). "Ben Maddow – Biography". EBSCO Research. EBSCO.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 McGilligan, Patrick (Summer 1989). "Ben Maddow: The Invisible Man – Interview by Patrick McGilligan". Backstory 2. UC Press. This interview was published in McGilligan's book, Backstory 2: Interviews with Screenwriters of the 1940s and 1950s (1991).
  7. 1 2 "Testimony of Ben Maddow, Accompanied by His Counsel, J. B. Tietz". Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-Third Congress, First Session, March 26, 27, and 28, 1953. Investigation of Communist Activities in the Los Angeles Area – Part 2. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1953. pp. 599–602.
  8. 1 2 3 Burns, Jim (2008). "Ben Maddow". Penniless Press. This profile of Maddow was included as a chapter in Burns' 2011 anthology, Radicals, Beats, and Beboppers.
  9. ↑ Larocquetinker, Edward (November 24, 1940). "New Editions, Fine & Otherwise". The New York Times Book Review.
  10. ↑ Hurwitz, Leo (Autumn 1975). "One Man's Voyage: Ideas and Films in the 1930's". Cinema Journal. 15 (1): 1–15. JSTOR 1225100.
  11. ↑ "Leo Hurwitz Collection". George Eastman Museum. March 2016.
  12. ↑ Vosburgh, Dick (October 13, 1992). "Obituary: Ben Maddow". The Independent. Retrieved May 20, 2018.
  13. ↑ McGilligan, Patrick; Buhle, Paul (1997). "Martin Ritt". Tender Comrades: A Backstory of the Hollywood Blacklist. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 567. ISBN 978-0312170462. Ritt: "Ironically, the one Faulkner film I have seen that I liked was Intruder in the Dust, directed by Clarence Brown and written by a man who turned out to be a friendly witness [Ben Maddow]. It was a much better film than either of mine [Ritt is referring to The Long, Hot Summer (1958) and The Sound and the Fury (1959)]."
  14. ↑ Tibbetts, John C.; Welsh, James M. (2005). "Intruder in the Dust". The Encyclopedia of Novels into Film (2nd ed.). Facts on File. pp. 206–07. ISBN 978-0816054497.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Oliver, Myrna (October 13, 1992). "Ben Maddow; Screenwriter Co-Wrote 'The Asphalt Jungle'". Los Angeles Times.
  16. ↑ Vaughn, Robert (1972). Only Victims: A Study of Show Business Blacklisting (PDF). New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 291 – via World Radio History.
  17. ↑ Navasky, Victor S. (1980). Naming Names. New York: Viking. p. 75. ISBN 0670503932.
  18. ↑ McGilligan, Patrick; Buhle, Paul (1997). "Walter Bernstein". Tender Comrades: A Backstory of the Hollywood Blacklist. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 52–53. ISBN 978-0312170462.
  19. ↑ Bernstein, Walter (1996). Inside Out: A Memoir of the Blacklist. Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 243–44. ISBN 978-0394583419. Bernstein recounts a breakfast meeting with Maddow shortly after the latter's HUAC testimony. Bernstein asked him why he named names to clear himself when Maddow was living better than most blacklisted writers by having a steady "front" arrangement with Philip Yordan. Maddow replied that he "could no longer stand living in the shadows"; he wanted to be credited and acknowledged for his work.
  20. ↑ Weiler, A. H. (June 7, 1960). "The Savage Eye (1959)". The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  21. ↑ Dessem, Matthew (October 2, 2014). "The making and unmaking of McCabe & Mrs. Miller". The Dissolve. Archived from the original on October 24, 2017. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  22. ↑ Corliss, Richard, ed. (1972). "Ben Maddow". The Hollywood Screenwriters. Discus Books. p. 274. LCCN 72087848.
  23. ↑ "Prize Stories 1963: The O. Henry Awards". The Catalog of Public Libraries in Milwaukee County. Retrieved March 14, 2026.

Further reading

  • Alexander, William (1981). Film on the Left: American Documentary Film from 1931 to 1942. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691046785.
  • Hagan, John (2000). "Ben Maddow", in Tom Pendergast and Sara Pendergast (editors), International Dictionary of Film and Filmmakers, Edition 4 (St. James Press), ISBN 978-1558624498. Online version of article retrieved January 9, 2008.
  • Haut, Woody (2008). "Ben Maddow: Affairs of the Skin", blog posted by a film critic who has published several books. Archived by WebCite from the original July 20, 2008.
  • Salzman, Jack; Zanderer, Leo, eds. (1978). Social Poetry of the 1930s: A Selection. New York: Burt Franklin. ISBN 978-0891020462. Contains a sampling of Maddow's poems from the 1930s.
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