Bạch Mai

Bạch Mai Ward
Phường Bạch Mai
Ward (Class-II)
From top, left to right: University of Science and Technology, National Economics University, Bạch Mai Hospital, and Vinhomes Times City.
Bạch Mai map
Bạch Mai map
Country Vietnam
RegionRed River Delta
MunicipalityHà Nội
EstablishmentMay 31, 1961 (ward)
Central hallNo.33, Đại Cồ Việt Boulevard, Bạch Mai Ward[1]
Government
 • TypeWard-level authority
 • People Committee's ChairmanNguyễn Thị Thu Hiền[1]
 • People Council's ChairmanTrần Quyết Thắng[1]
 • Front Committee's ChairmanTạ Thị Thanh Huyền[1]
 • Party Committee's SecretaryTrần Quyết Thắng[1]
Area
 • Total
2.95 km2 (1.14 sq mi)
Population
 (July 1, 2025)[1]
 • Total
129,571
 • Density43,900/km2 (114,000/sq mi)
 • Ethnicities
Kinh
Tanka
Others
Time zoneUTC+7 (Indochina Time)
ZIP code
10000–11618[note 1]
ClimateCwa
WebsiteBachmai.Hanoi.gov.vn
Bachmai.Hanoi.dcs.vn

Bạch Mai (IPA: [ɓa̰ʔjk˨˩:maːj˧˧]) is a ward of Hanoi, Vietnam.[2] As of 2025, it had a population of 129,571.

History

Middle Ages

The name Bạch Mai comes from the Hán Nôm name for the local flowers, Prunus mume (白梅).

Some documents state that Bạch Mai was located along the Imperial Road from Đông Kinh, the capital city, which is why it was impacted more by administrative reforms than other places.[3] The area changed its administrative affiliation several times before the 18th century. It has been part of Thọ Xương Rural District and Thanh Đàm Rural District. The lack of fixed administrative status is thought to have resulted from human migration because of natural disasters or famine.[3]

According to five books (Lê quý dật sử, Lê quý kỷ sự, Sơn cư tạp thuật, Tang thương ngẫu lục, and Vũ trung tùy bút), during the chaotic times of Đàng Ngoài in the middle of the 18th century, Bạch Mai was a fishing hamlet in Hồng Mai Commune, Kim Liên Canton, Thanh Đàm Rural District, Thường Tín Prefecture, Sơn Nam Thượng Garrison. It was sometimes called K'Mo or Kẻ Mơ[3] (Hán Nôm: 古梅) during that time. According to folklore, Bạch Mai was involved in pork processing and trading, so it was also known by the nickname Mơ Thịt.[1][3]

Nineteenth century

From the first administrative reform of Emperor Minh Mệnh in 1831, Hồng Mai was renamed Hồng Mai Commune and was located in Kim Liên Canton, Thanh Trì Rural District, Thường Tín Prefecture, Hà Nội Province, Bắc Thành Region of Imperial Annam.[4] In 1848, Hồng Mai changed its name to Hoàng Mai Commune to avoid containing the middle name of Emperor Tự Đức.[note 2]

In 1899, the Government of French Tonkin dissolved Kim Liên Canton to establish Hoàng Mai Rural District, which temporarily belonged to the suburbs of Hanoi.

Twentieth century

In 1915, the Hoàng Mai area was transferred and merged into the Hoàn Long Rural District of Hà Đông Province.

Around 1942, Hoàng Mai area was re-merged into the Hanoi Special Town[note 3] as the southern part of District VII.[5]

On May 31, 1961, the Government Council of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam issued Decision 78-CP on the division of urban and suburban areas of Hanoi City. Accordingly, District VII was dissolved into two zones:[note 4] Hai Bà Trưng (north) and Hoàng Mai (south). Afterwards, Bạch Mai Little Zone was established as the southern part of Hai Bà Trưng Zone.

In June 1981, Hai Bà Trưng Zone was renamed Hai Bà Trưng Urban District. Therefore, Bạch Mai L. Z. became Bạch Mai Ward.

Twenty-first century

On January 1, 2025, the area of Bạch Mai was doubled when it was merged with Quỳnh Lôi Ward.

On June 16, 2025, for the project to arrange and merge administrative units, the National Assembly Standing Committee issued Resolution 1656/NQ-UBTVQH15 on the re-arrangement of commune/ward-level administrative units in the Hanoian area.[6] According to Clause 6 & 8 of Article 1[note 5] in this document, Bạch Mai Ward was to be expanded again, based on the merger of:

  • The three wards Bạch Mai, Bách Khoa, and Quỳnh Mai from former Hai Bà Trưng District.
  • Part of two Hai Bà Trưng wards, Minh Khai and Thanh Nhàn.
  • Four Hoàng Mai wards: Đồng Tâm, Lê Đại Hành, Phương Mai, and Trương Định.

This administrative unit has officially been operated directly under the Hanoi City People's Committee since July 1, 2025, in order to replace the newly dissolved districts of Hai Bà Trưng and Hoàng Mai.

Geography

Demography

According to the statistical yearbook of Hanoi, Bạch Mai Ward had a population of 129,571 in 2025.[1]

Climate

Climate data for Bạch Mai Ward
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 33.3
(91.9)		 35.1
(95.2)		 37.2
(99.0)		 41.5
(106.7)		 42.8
(109.0)		 41.8
(107.2)		 40.8
(105.4)		 39.7
(103.5)		 37.4
(99.3)		 36.6
(97.9)		 36.0
(96.8)		 31.9
(89.4)		 42.8
(109.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.8
(67.6)		 20.6
(69.1)		 23.2
(73.8)		 27.7
(81.9)		 31.9
(89.4)		 33.4
(92.1)		 33.4
(92.1)		 32.6
(90.7)		 31.5
(88.7)		 29.2
(84.6)		 25.7
(78.3)		 22.0
(71.6)		 27.6
(81.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 16.6
(61.9)		 17.7
(63.9)		 20.3
(68.5)		 24.2
(75.6)		 27.6
(81.7)		 29.3
(84.7)		 29.4
(84.9)		 28.7
(83.7)		 27.7
(81.9)		 25.3
(77.5)		 21.9
(71.4)		 18.3
(64.9)		 23.9
(75.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 14.5
(58.1)		 15.8
(60.4)		 18.4
(65.1)		 21.9
(71.4)		 24.8
(76.6)		 26.4
(79.5)		 26.5
(79.7)		 26.1
(79.0)		 25.2
(77.4)		 22.8
(73.0)		 19.3
(66.7)		 15.8
(60.4)		 21.5
(70.7)
Record low °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9)		 5.0
(41.0)		 7.0
(44.6)		 9.8
(49.6)		 15.4
(59.7)		 20.0
(68.0)		 21.0
(69.8)		 20.9
(69.6)		 16.1
(61.0)		 12.4
(54.3)		 6.8
(44.2)		 5.1
(41.2)		 2.7
(36.9)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 22.5
(0.89)		 24.6
(0.97)		 47.0
(1.85)		 91.8
(3.61)		 185.4
(7.30)		 253.3
(9.97)		 280.1
(11.03)		 309.4
(12.18)		 228.3
(8.99)		 140.7
(5.54)		 66.7
(2.63)		 20.2
(0.80)		 1,670.1
(65.75)
Average rainy days 9.5 11.4 15.9 13.7 14.6 14.8 16.6 16.5 13.2 9.7 6.8 5.2 147.9
Average relative humidity (%) 79.9 82.5 84.5 84.7 81.1 80.0 80.7 82.7 81.0 78.5 77.1 76.2 80.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours 68.7 48.1 45.5 87.4 173.7 167.0 181.1 163.0 162.4 150.3 131.6 113.0 1,488.5
Source 1: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[7]
Source 2: Extremes[a]

See also

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Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ An official code from December 31, 2023, to present.
  2. ↑ Nguyễn Phước Hồng Nhậm.
  3. ↑ Hà Nội đặc biệt đại lý.
  4. ↑ "Khu" was equivalent to later "quận" (urban district).
  5. ↑ Khoản 6 và 8, Điều 1.
  1. ↑ All-time record high; Vietnamnet.vn (May record high and January record low only), Vietnamnet.vn (June record high only),[8] Imh.ac.vn (August record high only),[9] Nchmf.gov.vn,[10] January record high, November record high, April and May record low in The Yearbook of Indochina[11][12]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bạch Mai Ward : Detailed information after arrangement (vi)
  2. ↑ Phường Bạch Mai được hình thành từ những phường nào sau sắp xếp ?
  3. 1 2 3 4 All of Bạch Mai Hamlet
  4. ↑ Nguyễn Thúy Nga, Địa danh Hà Nội thời Nguyễn : Khảo cứu từ nguồn tư liệu Hán Nôm, Khoa Học Xã Hội Publishing, Hanoi, 2010.
  5. ↑ Nguyễn Vinh Phúc, 1000 năm Thăng Long – Hà Nội (A Thousand Years of Thanglong–Hanoi), Trẻ Publishing, Hanoi, 2009.
  6. ↑ Resolution 1656/NQ-UBTVQH15 in Vietnamese
  7. ↑ "Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology" (PDF).
  8. ↑ "Hà Nội nóng kỷ lục 41.5 độ". danviet.vn (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on 3 June 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  9. ↑ "THÔNG BÁO VÀ DỰ BÁO KHÍ HẬU MÙA X, XI, XII NĂM 2019" (PDF). imh.ac.vn (in Vietnamese). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 August 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
  10. ↑ "THỜI TIẾT HÀ NỘI". nchmf.gov.vn (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on 29 September 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2018.
  11. ↑ "VIỆT NAM NIÊN GIÁM THỐNG KÊ" (PDF). Southeast Asian Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  12. ↑ The Yearbook of Indochina (1932–33)

Further reading

Bibliography

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