Ammonium isobutyrate

Ammonium isobutyrate
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium 2-methylpropanoate
Other names
AIB
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.040.758
EC Number
  • 244-850-2
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C4H8O2.H3N/c1-3(2)4(5)6;/h3H,1-2H3,(H,5,6);1H3
    Key: MDUBPQGQPBQGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [NH4+].CC(C)C([O-])=O
Properties
C4H11NO2
Molar mass 105.137 g·mol−1
Appearance white crystalline solid
Boiling point 155.2 ºC
solubile
Hazards
Flash point 58.2 ºC
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Ammonium isobutyrate is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2CHCOONH4.[1][2] This is the ammonium salt of isobutyric acid.[3][4]

Structure

Ammonium isobutyrate consists of the isobutyrate anion (the conjugate base of isobutyric acid) and an ammonium cation (NH4+).[5]

Synthesis

Ammonium isobutyrate is synthesized primarily through a straightforward acid–base reaction between isobutyric acid and ammonia:

(CH3)2CHCOOH + NH3 → [(CH3)2CHCOO]− [NH4]+

Physical properties

The compound appears as a colorless or white crystalline solid at room temperature, though it may also be encountered as a concentrated aqueous solution due to its high solubility in water.

Uses

The compound is primarily used in chemical synthesis and as a buffering agent in various industrial and research applications.[6][7][8]

References

  1. ↑ McCullough, Marshall E. (1978). NFIA Literature Review on Fermentation of Silage: A Review. Grants-In-Aid Committee, National Feed Ingredients Association. p. 218. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  2. ↑ Otterby, D.E.; Johnson, D.G.; Murphy, J.M. (August 1976). "Corn Grain Preserved with Ammonium Isobutyrate for Lactating Dairy Cattle". Journal of Dairy Science. 59 (8): 1461–1465. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(76)84385-8. PMID 956485.
  3. ↑ "NCATS Inxight Drugs — AMMONIUM ISOBUTYRATE". drugs.ncats.io. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  4. ↑ "CompTox Chemicals Dashboard". comptox.epa.gov. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  5. ↑ "CAS 22228-82-6 Ammonium isobutyrate - Alfa Chemistry". alfa-chemistry.com. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  6. ↑ Annual Report of Pasture Research in the Northeastern United States. U. S. Regional Pasture Research Laboratory. 1973. p. 76. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  7. ↑ Reychler, Albert (1899). Outlines of Physical Chemistry. Whittaker & Company. p. 237. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  8. ↑ Yu, Yu; Thomas, J. W. (November 1975). "Effect of Propionic Acid and Ammonium Isobutyrate on Preservation and Nutritive Values of Alfalfa Haylage2". Journal of Animal Science. 41 (5): 1458–1467. doi:10.2527/jas1975.4151458x.
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