2027 in spaceflight

2027 in spaceflight
Lucy will begin its exploration of Jupiter's Trojan asteroids in 2027
2027 in spaceflight

This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2027.

Overview

Astronomy and astrophysics

In early 2027, ESA plans to launch the PLATO space telescope for discovery and characterization of exoplanets[1] together with Europe's first stand-alone deep space CubeSat, the space weather mission HENON.[2]

China plans to launch the eXTP X-ray observatory.[3]

Lunar exploration

In early 2027, NASA and Blue Origin plan to launch Blue Moon Pathfinder Mission 1, the first uncrewed mission of the Blue Moon Mark 1 intended to test various technologies needed for future crewed Lunar landers.[4][5]

In 2027, Turkish Space Agency plans to launch AYAP-1, the country's first lunar mission.[6]

In 2027,[7][8] China plans to launch Chang'e 7 to explore the lunar south pole.[9][10][11] The mission will include an orbiter, a relay satellite, a lander, a rover, and a mini-flying probe. It will attempt to land on the rim of Shackleton crater at the Lunar south pole.[12]

In 2027,[13] NASA and Firefly Aerospace plan to launch Blue Ghost Mission 2 aiming to land on the far side of the Moon. The mission also aims to deliver the ESA's communication satellite Lunar Pathfinder to Lunar orbit.[14][15][16]

Human spaceflight

In 2027, NASA is expected to launch the Artemis III mission, which will send astronauts to low Earth orbit and conduct docking tests with an HLS lander.

The American company Vast plans to launch the first ever commercial space station (Haven-1) in 2027.[17]

The first Indian crewed spaceflight, Gaganyaan-4, is planned for 2027.[18]

Satellite technology

In 2027, ESA plans to launch the short-lived Draco mission that will use a small space capsule to monitor the breakup process of a satellite reentering Earth atmosphere. This is part of the agency's space sustainability-related plans to build more "demisable" satellites.[19][20]

Orbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks
January (TBD)[21] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States Ax-5 SpaceX / Axiom Space / ESA Low Earth (ISS) Private spaceflight 
Axiom Mission 5, launching on Crew Dragon. 14-day commercial flight of four astronauts to the International Space Station.
January (TBD)[22][23][24] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1 United States Rocket Lab
United States TSIS-2 NASA / LASP Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor-2. Hosted on a General Atomics Orbital Test Bed (OTB) satellite platform.[25]
January (TBD) United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Italy France SICRAL 3A[26] MDD/DGA Geosynchronous Communications 
March (TBD)[27] France Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
PLATO ESA Sun–Earth L2 Exoplanetology 
HENON ESA Heliocentric Space weather 
Q1 (TBD)[28] France Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States Intelsat 45 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 
Q1 (TBD)[29] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States Haven-1 Vast Low Earth Space habitat 
Single-module commercial space station.
Q1 (TBD)[30] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
Japan StriX × 2 Synspective Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-19.
Q1 (TBD)[31] India LVM3 SC India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India TBA ISRO Geosynchronous TBA 
Maiden flight of LVM3 SC (semi-cryogenic stage).
Q1 (TBD)[32] United States Minotaur IV United States TBA United States Northrop Grumman
United States EWS OD-1 U.S. Space Force Low Earth Technology demonstration 
USSF-261S-A mission.
Q1 (TBD)
[33]
India Vikram-IU India Satish Dhawan India Skyroot Aerospace
India TBA Skyroot Aerospace Low Earth TBA 
Maiden flight of Vikram-IU configuration of Vikram-I.


Q2 (TBD)[30] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-20.
June (TBD)[34] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1 United States Rocket Lab
United States PolSIR-1 NASA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
June (TBD)[35] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1 United States Rocket Lab
United States PolSIR-2 NASA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Mid-2027 (TBD)[36] TBA France Kourou France Arianespace
⚀ CubeSpec ESA Low Earth Hyperspectral astronomy 
July 2027 United States New Glenn United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States Blue Moon Pathfinder Mission 2 Blue Origin Low Earth Technology demonstration 
A Blue Moon Mk 1.5 vehicle will serve as a docking target for the Orion spacecraft of Artemis III. It could launch up to 90 days ahead of the Orion spacecraft.
July 2027[37] United States SLS Block 1 United States Kennedy LC-39B United States NASA
United States Artemis III NASA Low Earth Crewed spaceflight 
Second crewed Orion flight, docking with one or two HLS lander from Blue Origin and SpaceX in low Earth orbit.
July 2027 United States Starship United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Starship HLS SpaceX Low Earth Technology demonstration 
A Starship Block 3 vehicle will serve as a docking target for the Orion spacecraft of Artemis III. It will launch after the Orion spacecraft.
August (TBD)[38] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States COSI NASA Low Earth Gamma-ray astronomy 
Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI). Part of NASA's Small Explorers program.
September (TBD)[39] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States NEO Surveyor NASA Sun–Earth L1 Infrared astronomy
Near-Earth object detection
 
Near-Earth Object Surveyor.
Q3 (TBD)[40] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States WSF-M 2 U.S. Space Force Low Earth (SSO) Space weather 
United States BLAZE-2 U.S. Space Force Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
USSF-178 Mission.
November (TBD) United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Italy France SICRAL 3B[41] MDD/DGA Geosynchronous Communications 
Q4 (TBD)[30] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-21.
Q4 (TBD)[42][43] Italy Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
CO2M-A (Sentinel-7A) ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
First satellite of the Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring mission.[44] Part of the European Space Agency's Copernicus Programme.
Q4 (TBD)[45][46] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
Israel ULTRASAT ISA / Weizmann Institute of Science Geosynchronous Ultraviolet astronomy 
Q4 (TBD)[47][48] TBA TBA TBA
Singapore ZeusX service module Qosmosys Selenocentric Lunar orbiter 
Singapore ZeusX lunar lander Qosmosys Selenocentric to lunar surface Lunar lander 
Singapore LIBER Qosmosys Selenocentric to lunar surface Lunar rover 
Lunar Integrated Bulk Extraction Rover (LIBER) will attempt to mine on the lunar surface.
2027 (TBD)[49] United States Alpha United States MARS LP-0A United States Firefly Aerospace
United States INCUS Observatory-1 NASA Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
United States INCUS Observatory-2 NASA Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
United States INCUS Observatory-3 NASA Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
NASA Earth Venture Mission-3 (EVM-3).[50]
2027 (TBD)
[51][52]
Russia Angara A5 / Persei Russia Plesetsk Site 35/1 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (Sfera-S №11L) VKS Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)
[53][51][54]
Russia Angara A5 / Briz-M Russia Plesetsk Site 35/1 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (Sfera-V №11L) VKS Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[55] Russia Angara A5M Russia Vostochny Site 1A Russia Roscosmos
Russia TBA Roscosmos Low Earth Flight test 
Maiden flight of the Angara A5M.
2027 (TBD)[56] France Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Galileo FOC FM33 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
Galileo FOC FM34 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
Final batch of first generation Galileo-FOC satellites.
2027 (TBD)[57] France Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States Uhura-1 (Node-1)[58] Skyloom Geosynchronous Communications 
Rideshare mission.[59]
2027 (TBD)[60] France Ariane 6 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Galileo G2G-1 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
Galileo G2G-2 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
First Galileo Second Generation (G2) launch.
2027 (TBD)[60] France Ariane 6 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Galileo G2G-3 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
Galileo G2G-4 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
2027 (TBD)
[61]
France Ariane 64 LE-05 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States LeoSat × 35 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fifth of 18 Ariane 6 launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)
[62]
France Ariane 64 LA-06 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States LeoSat × 35 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Sixth of 18 Ariane 6 launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)
[63]
France Ariane 64 LE-07 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States LeoSat × 35 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Seventh of 18 Ariane 6 launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)
[64]
France Ariane 64 LE-08 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States LeoSat × 35 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Eighth of 18 Ariane 6 launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)
[65]
France Ariane 64 LE-09 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States LeoSat × 35 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Ninth of 18 Ariane 6 launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)
[66]
France Ariane 64 LE-10 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States LeoSat × 35 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Tenth of 18 Ariane 6 launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[67][68] France Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Australia Optus-11 Optus Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[69] France Ariane 6 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Greece Hellas Sat 5 Hellas Sat Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[70] United States Antares 330 United States MARS LP-0A United States Northrop Grumman
United States Cygnus NG-22 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 
First flight of the Antares 330 variant.
2027 (TBD)[71] United States Eclipse United States MARS LP-0A United States Firefly Aerospace / Northrop Grumman
United States Firefly Aerospace Low Earth Flight test 
First test flight of Firefly's Eclipse, utilizing the same first stage used on Antares 330, a new Firefly-developed second stage with a single Vira engine, and a new payload fairing by Northrop Grumman.
JFY2027 (TBD)[72] Japan Epsilon S Japan Uchinoura Japan JAXA
Japan Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration-5 JAXA Low Earth Technology demonstration 
Part of JAXA's Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration Program.
2027 (TBD)[73][74] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 / Helios United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Peru Andesat-1 Andesat Low Earth to Geosynchronous Communications 
Argentina Orbith-1 Orbith Low Earth to Geosynchronous Communications 
United States TBA Astranis Low Earth to Geosynchronous Communications 
United States TBA Astranis Low Earth to Geosynchronous Communications 
United States TBA Astranis Low Earth to Geosynchronous Communications 
United States TBA Astranis Low Earth to Geosynchronous Communications 
Astranis Block 4 mission.
2027 (TBD)[75] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United Arab Emirates Al Yah 4 Yahsat Geosynchronous Communications 
Replacement for Yahsat 1A (Al Yah 1).[76]
2027 (TBD)[77] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Mongolia Chinggis Sat TBA Geosynchronous TBA 
2027 (TBD)[78] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Japan JSAT-32 SKY Perfect JSAT Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[79] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States SXM-12 SiriusXM Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[80] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
South Korea GEO-KOMPSAT-3 (Chollian-3) KASA Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[81] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States JPSS-4 NOAA Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
2027 (TBD)[82][83] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Thailand Thaicom 10 Thaicom Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[84] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Second of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2027 (TBD)[84] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Third of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2027 (TBD)[84] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Fourth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2027 (TBD)[84] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Fifth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2027 (TBD)[84] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Sixth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2027 (TBD)[84] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Seventh of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2027 (TBD)[84] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Eighth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2027 (TBD)[85] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Norway Thor 8 Space Norway Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[86] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral United States SpaceX
United Kingdom Skynet 6A Airbus Defence and Space / UK Ministry of Defence Geosynchronous Military communications 
2027 (TBD)[87] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States Trinity × 3 TBA Low Earth TBA 
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
USSF-234 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States TBA NRO TBA TBA 
NROL-96 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States TBA NRO TBA TBA 
NROL-157 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[89] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
USSF-149 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[90] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States Griffin-II Astrobotic TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander 
Third Astrobotic lunar lander mission, targeting a site near the lunar south pole. Astrobotic's LunaGrid-Lite aims to demonstrate high voltage power transmission from the lander to a tethered CubeRover.[91]
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States TBA NRO TBA TBA 
NROL-97 Mission. First NRO launch on a Falcon Heavy.
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
USSF-174 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
USSF-186 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[89] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States WGS-12 U.S. Space Force Geosynchronous Military communications 
USSF-206 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[89] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
USSF-155 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[89] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
NROL-86 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[89] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
USSF-63 Mission.
JFY2027 (TBD)[72] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan IGS-Optical 9 CSICE Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 
JFY2027 (TBD)[72] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan IGS-Optical Diversification 2 CSICE Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 
JFY2027 (TBD)[72] Japan H3-24 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan HTV-X3 JAXA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 
2027 (TBD)[92] India HLVM3 H1 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Gaganyaan-4 ISRO Low Earth Crewed spaceflight 
India's first crewed spaceflight.
2027 (TBD)[93] China Long March 2C China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China HaiYang 1F[94][95] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 3B/E China Xichang China CASC
China BeiDou-4 M1 Prototype CNSA Medium Earth Navigation 
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 3B/E China Xichang China CASC
China BeiDou-4 G1 Prototype CNSA Geosynchronous Navigation 
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 3B/E China Xichang China CASC
China BeiDou-4 IGSO1 Prototype CNSA IGSO Navigation 
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 3B/E China Xichang China CASC
China ChinaSat 27 China Satcom Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[97] China Long March 3B China Xichang China CASC
China Asteroid impactor CNSA Heliocentric Asteroid redirect test 
China Asteroid orbiter CNSA Heliocentric Asteroid flyby 
Planetary defense mission, targeting 2015 XF261 (previously targeting 2019 VL5).
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 3B/E China Xichang China CASC
China Fengyun 4D CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology 
2027 (TBD)[93] China Long March 4B China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China HaiYang 2G[98][99] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation 
2027 (TBD)[93] China Long March 4B China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China HaiYang 2H[100] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2027 (TBD)[93] China Long March 4B China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China HaiYang 2L[99] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation 
Ocean Wind and Wave Observation Satellite.
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 4C China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China Fengyun 3J CMA Low Earth Meteorology 
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 5 China Wenchang LC-1 China CASC
China Fengyun 5B CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology 
2027 (TBD)[96] China Long March 5 China Wenchang LC-1 China CASC
China SPORT CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Solar observatory 
2027 (TBD)[3][101] China Long March 7 China Wenchang LC-2 China CASC
China eXTP CAS Low Earth X-ray astronomy 
Chinese-led X-ray astronomy collaboration between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and multiple European institutions.[101]
2027 (TBD)[102] China Long March 10 China Wenchang LC-3 China CASC
China CNSA Low Earth Flight test 
First flight of China's triple-core crew launch vehicle for Moon missions. Previously known as the 921 rocket or the Long March 5 Dengyue.[103]
2027 (TBD)[104][105] India LVM3 SC India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Chandrayaan-4 Propulsion Module ISRO Selenocentric Lunar sample-return 
India Chandrayaan-4 Lander Module ISRO TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander 
India Chandrayaan-4 Ascender Module ISRO TLI to lunar surface Space rendezvous 
First of two LVM3 SC for ISRO's Chandrayaan-4 Lunar Sample-return Mission. Chandrayaan-4 Propulsion, Lander and Ascender Modules.
2027 (TBD)[104][105] India LVM3 SC India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Chandrayaan-4 Transfer Module ISRO Selenocentric Space rendezvous 
India Chandrayaan-4 Re-entry Module ISRO Selenocentric Lunar sample-return 
Second of two LVM3 SC for ISRO's Chandrayaan-4 Lunar Sample-return Mission. Chandrayaan-4 Transfer and Re-entry Modules.
2027 (TBD)[106][107] United States Neutron United States MARS LC-3 United States Rocket Lab
United States Photon relay satellite Rocket Lab Heliocentric to Venus Venus flyby 
United States Venus Life Finder MIT / Rocket Lab Heliocentric to Venus Venus entry probe 
The Venus Life Finder atmospheric-entry probe will search for phosphine and other potential biosignatures for life on Venus.[108][109] First of three MIT missions to Venus.
2027 (TBD)[110] United States New Glenn NG-18 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States Blue Moon Pathfinder Mission 2 Blue Origin TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander
Technology demonstration
 
United States VIPER NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar Rover 
Blue Moon Pathfinder Mission 2 (MK1-SN002), expected to launch in 2027.
2027 (TBD)[111] United States New Glenn NG-8 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Third of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[112] United States New Glenn NG-9 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fourth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[113] United States New Glenn NG-10 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fifth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[114] United States New Glenn NG-11 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Sixth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[115] United States New Glenn NG-12 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Seventh of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[116] United States New Glenn NG-13 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Eighth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[117] United States New Glenn NG-14 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Ninth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[118] United States New Glenn NG-15 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Tenth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[119] United States New Glenn NG-16 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Eleventh of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[120] United States New Glenn NG-17 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Twelfth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[120] United States New Glenn NG-19 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Thirteenth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[120] United States New Glenn NG-20 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fourteenth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[120] United States New Glenn NG-21 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fifteenth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[120] United States New Glenn NG-22 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Sixteenth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[120] United States New Glenn NG-23 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Seventeenth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[120] United States New Glenn NG-24 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States KuiperSat × 49 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Eigteenth of 24 New Glenn launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[121] South Korea Nuri (KSLV-II) South Korea Naro LC-2 South Korea KARI
South Korea NEXTSat-3[122] KAIST Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 
South Korea TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
Sixth planned launch of Nuri, and the final launch in the extended testing and verification phase for the launch vehicle.
2027 (TBD)[123][124] India PSLV-XL N1 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India EOS-10 (Oceansat-3A)[125] ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Oceanography 
IndiaMauritius IMJS ISRO/Mauritius Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
India LEAP-2 Dhruva Space Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
2027 (TBD)[126] India PSLV-XL India Satish Dhawan FLP India ISRO
India TDS-01 ISRO Geosynchronous Technology demonstration 
2027 (TBD)[127] India PSLV-XL India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India HRSAT-1A ISRO Low Earth Earth observation 
India HRSAT-1B ISRO Low Earth Earth observation 
India HRSAT-1C ISRO Low Earth Earth observation 
2027 (TBD)[128][129] India PSLV-XL India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Cartosat-3B ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2027 (TBD)[130] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Resourcesat-3B ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2027 (TBD)[130] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Resourcesat-3SA ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2027 (TBD)[131] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
France India TRISHNA CNES / ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Third collaborative satellite mission between France and India.[132]
2027 (TBD)
[133]
India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India NSIL
Singapore NS2 ST Engineering Low Earth TBA 
2027 (TBD)
[134]
India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India NSIL
Japan ISSA-J1 Astroscale Low Earth Technology demonstration 
2027 (TBD)[51][52] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (GLONASS-K 21L (K1 №9)) VKS Medium Earth Navigation 
2027 (TBD)[51][52] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (GLONASS-K 22L (K1 №10)) VKS Medium Earth Navigation 
2027 (TBD)[51][52] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (GLONASS-K 23L (K1 №11)) VKS Medium Earth Navigation 
2027 (TBD)[51][52] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (Razdan №3) VKS Low Earth TBA 
2027 (TBD)[51][52] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (EKS-8/Tundra 18L) VKS Molniya Early warning 
2027 (TBD)[51][52] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos (EKS-9/Tundra 19L) VKS Molniya Early warning 
2027 (TBD)
[51][54]
Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos
(GLONASS-K2 26L (K2 №5)
)
VKS Medium Earth Navigation 
2027 (TBD)
[51][54]
Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia RVSN RF
Russia Kosmos
(GLONASS-K2 27L (K2 №6)
)
VKS Medium Earth Navigation 
2027 (TBD)[135] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Meteor-M №2-5[136] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
2027 (TBD)[137][138] India SSLV L1 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India TBA ISRO Low Earth TBA 
⚀ India PARIKSHIT[139] Manipal Institute of Technology Low Earth Earth observation 
First operational SSLV mission following three developmental flights.
2027 (TBD)[140][141] United States Starship United States TBA United States SpaceX
Japan Superbird-9 SKY Perfect JSAT Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[142] United States Starship United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Starship HLS SpaceX TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander
Technology demonstration
 
Uncrewed Starship HLS lunar landing demonstration.
Q4 (TBD)[143] United States Starship United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Starship HLS SpaceX TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander 
United States FLEX Astrolab TLI to lunar surface Lunar rover
Technology demonstration
 
Uncrewed Starship HLS rideshare mission to the lunar south pole. Astrolab's Flexible Logistics and Exploration (FLEX) rover will compete in NASA's Lunar Terrain Vehicle competition.
2027 (TBD)[144][145] Italy Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Luxembourg European Union Eagle-1 SES Low Earth Quantum key distribution 
2027 (TBD)[146] Italy Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
FORUM ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Ninth Earth Explorer mission for ESA's Living Planet Programme. FORUM will fly in a loose sun-synchronous tandem formation with MetOp-SG A1.[146]
2027 (TBD)[147] Italy Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
South Korea KOMPSAT-6 (Arirang 6)[148] KARI Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
The launch of this mission was originally planned with Roscosmos' Angara 1.2 rocket, but the South Korean Ministry of Science cancelled this contract due to sanctions against Russia and signed a launch contract with Arianespace.
2027 (TBD)[149] Italy Vega-E France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA ESA Low Earth Flight test 
First flight of Vega-E.
2027 (TBD)[150][151] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States GPS IIIF-01 (GPS III-11) U.S. Space Force Medium Earth Navigation 
First GPS IIIF satellite. A total of 22 GPS IIIF satellites are planned to be launched by 2034.[152] Originally planned to launch on a Falcon Heavy, GPS IIIF-01 was shifted to Vulcan when GPS III-08, intended to launch on Vulcan, was moved to the Falcon 9 in 2025.
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States GPS IIIF-02 (GPS III-12) U.S. Space Force Medium Earth Navigation 
USSF-49 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[88] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States NG-OPIR-GEO 2 (NGG-2) U.S. Space Force Geosynchronous Early warning 
USSF-50 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-04 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fourth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #4 (LV-04)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-05 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fifth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #5 (LV-05)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-06 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Sixth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #6 (LV-06)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-07 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Seventh of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #7 (LV-07)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-08 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Eighth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #8 (LV-08)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-09 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Ninth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #9 (LV-09)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-10 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Tenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #10 (LV-10)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-11 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Eleventh of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #11 (LV-11)"
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-12 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Twelfth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo. Mission Designated "Vulcan Leo Mission #12 (LV-12)"
2027 (TBD)[154] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-13 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Thirteenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[155] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-14 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fourteenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[156] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-15 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Fifteenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[157] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-16 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Sixteenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-17 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Seventeenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-18 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Eighteenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-19 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Nineteenth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[153] United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L LV-20 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States LeoSat × 45 Amazon Leo Low Earth Communications 
Twentieth of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Amazon Leo.
2027 (TBD)[89] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States ULA
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
NROL-88 Mission.
2027 (TBD)[158] Turkey ŞİMŞEK-1 Turkey İğneada Space Centre Turkey Roketsan
Turkey Turkish Space Agency Low Earth Flight test 
Maiden flight of ŞİMŞEK-1.
2027 (TBD)[159] TBA TBA TBA
United States Argonaut Argo Space Selenocentric Space tug 
United States Alpine ispace-U.S. Selenocentric (Polar) Lunar communications 
ispace Mission 2.5. First satellite for ispace's Lunar Connect Service.
2027 (TBD)[144][160] TBA TBA TBA
United States Intelsat 42 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 
United States Intelsat 43 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[161] United States TBA United States Cape Canaveral United States TBA
United States MUSE NASA Low Earth Solar observatory 
2027 (TBD)[162][163] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States Oracle AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate Earth–Moon L1 Space domain awareness 
Cislunar Highway Patrol System (CHPS).
2027 (TBD)[164] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States Payload Power Thermal Module (PPTM)[165] Axiom Space Low Earth (ISS) Axiom Station component 
First Axiom Station module. PPTM will be docked to the ISS until the launch of Habitat One (Hab-1), after which it will separate from the ISS and dock with Hab-1 to operate as an independent space station.
2027 (TBD)[166] TBA TBA TBA
Germany COMSATBw 1B Bundeswehr Geosynchronous Military Communication 
2027 (TBD)[166] TBA TBA TBA
Germany COMSATBw 2B Bundeswehr Geosynchronous Military Communication 
2027 (TBD)[167] United States TBA[168] United States Cape Canaveral United States TBA
United States GSSAP-9[169] United States Space Force Geosynchronous Space surveillance 
United States GSSAP-10[169] United States Space Force Geosynchronous Space surveillance 
2027 (TBD)[144][170] TBA TBA TBA
Luxembourg Astra 1Q / SES-25 SES Geosynchronous Communications 
2027 (TBD)[144] TBA TBA TBA
Luxembourg SES-26 SES Geosynchronous Communications 
Replacement for NSS-12.[171]
TBD[172] United States Daytona I United States Vandenberg SLC-5 United States Phantom Space
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA 
Maiden flight of Phantom Space's Daytona launch vehicle.
TBD[173][174] United States Daytona I United States TBA United States Phantom Space
⚀ United States Hurricane Hunter × 2 Phantom Space / TWA Low Earth Meteorology 
First pair of satellites for Tropical Weather Analytics' (TWA) Hurricane Hunter Satellite Constellation.
TBD[175] United States Dauntless United States Cape Canaveral SLC-13[176] United States Vaya Space
United States Vaya Space Low Earth Flight test 
Maiden flight of Dauntless.
TBD[177] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States Vast-1 Vast Low Earth (Haven-1) Private spaceflight 
First crewed mission to Vast's Haven-1 commercial space station.

Suborbital flights

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks
20 March[178] Canada Black Brant XIIA Norway Andøya United States NASA
United States Resolute Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital Geospace science 
First of two launches
20 March[178] Canada Black Brant XIIA Norway Andøya United States NASA
United States Resolute Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital Geospace science 
Second of two launches
March (TBD)[179] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-37 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education 
March (TBD)[179] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-38 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education 
24 June[178] Canada Black Brant IX United States Wallops Flight Facility United States NASA
United States REDSoX MIT Suborbital X-ray astronomy 
Rocket Experiment Demonstration of a Soft X-ray Polarimeter (REDSoX) mission.
October (TBD)[179] Brazil VSB-30 S1X-7/M19 Sweden Esrange Sweden SSC
Sweden MASER-19 SSC Suborbital Microgravity research 
SubOrbital Express Microgravity flight opportunity 7.
October (TBD)[179] Germany Red Kite/Impr. Malemute Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany MAPHEUS-18 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 
November (TBD)[179] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany TEXUS-64 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research 

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (UTC) Spacecraft Event Remarks
17 March OSIRIS-APEX Gravity assist at Earth Target altitude 4146 km
24 April Tianwen-2 Departure from 469219 Kamoʻoalewa[180]
25 April Juno 94th perijove On the day of this perijove, Juno will make a close fly of Amalthea
12 August Lucy Flyby of asteroid 3548 Eurybates Target altitude 1000 km
15 September Lucy Flyby of asteroid 15094 Polymele Target altitude 415 km
7 November Juno 100th perijove On the day of this perijove, Juno will fly by Thebe at a distance of 21,155 km.
29 November Tianwen-2 sample return capsule Asteroid sample return[180]
December Hayabusa2 Flyby of Earth[181] Gravity assist

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

Start date/time Duration End time Spacecraft Crew Remarks

Orbital launch statistics

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.

Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures
World0000

By rocket

By family

Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By type

Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By configuration

Rocket Country Type Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By spaceport

Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By orbit

Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved
Remarks
Transatmospheric0000
Low Earth0000
Geosynchronous / transfer0000
Medium Earth0000
High Earth0000
Heliocentric orbit0000Including planetary transfer orbits

Expected maiden flights

Rocket Origin Organization Reusable Launch Outcome Ref.
Agnibaan India AgniKul Cosmos First stage Q1 TBD [182]
Pallas-2 China Galactic Energy First stage Early 2027 TBD [183]
Daytona I USA Phantom Space N/a H2 TBD [184]
Antares 330 USA Northrop Grumman N/a 2027 TBD
Skyrora XL UK Skyrora N/a 2027 TBD
Maia France MaiaSpace (ArianeGroup) First stage 2027 TBD [185]
Eclipse USA Firefly Aerospace First stage 2027 TBD
Long March 10 China CALT 2027 TBD
Vega-E EU Avio N/a 2027 TBD
Daytona II USA Phantom Space N/a 2027 TBD [186]
Angara A5M Russia Khrunichev N/a 2027 TBD
ŞİMŞEK-1 Turkey Roketsan N/a 2027 TBD
SL1 Germany HyImpulse N/a 2027 TBD
Zero Japan Interstellar Technologies N/a 2027 TBD
Zephyr France Latitude N/a 2027 TBD
Neutron USA Rocket Lab First stage 2027 TBD [187]
Microlançador Brasileiro Brazil Brazilian Space Agency N/a 2027 TBD [188]

References

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