1975 Bangkok gubernatorial election
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10 August 1975
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| Turnout | 13.86% | ||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1975 Bangkok gubernatorial election was held to elect the Governor of Bangkok on 10 August 1975. It was the first time the governorship of Bangkok or any province in Thailand was contested in a democratic election. Previously, the Governor of Bangkok was an appointed position as established in 1973, but new laws in 1975 made it an elected position. The election was won by Thammanoon Thien-ngern of the Democrat Party.[1] Although he was elected to a four-year term, Thammanoon was dismissed in 1977 by Prime Minister Thanin Kraivichien. The appointment system was restored until democratic elections resumed in 1985.[2]
Background
Bangkok as a special local administrative area was created in 1971 by the merger of Phra Nakhon and Thonburi Provinces.[3] In Thailand, each province is headed by a Governor appointed by the Ministry of Interior.[4] Chamnan Yaovabun was the first governor and took office on 1 January 1973. He was followed by At Visutyothaphiban, Siri Santabutra, and Sai Hutacharoen who were all likewise appointed.[1] Concurrently, Thai politics was undergoing a wave of liberalisation towards democracy since the 1973 Thai popular uprising in October that ousted Thanom Kittikachorn as Prime Minister after almost 10-years in power. Democratic elections were held in January 1975, where the centrist Democrat Party emerged with the largest share of seats.[5][6]
As part of this overall push towards a liberal democracy, the 1975 Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) Act was passed. It established the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration as the local government body and made the governor an elected position. The Act aimed to improve accountability for the city's leadership, as well as its responsiveness to Bangkok's issues - namely issues relating to rapid urbanisation, public transportation and flood management. Another reason for making the governorship electable was because of Bangkok's size, complexity and national importance as a capital with stronger institutions and a population that was more politically active than the provinces.[7]
Candidates
| Number | Candidate | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Democrat Party | Thammanoon Thien-ngern | Secretary General of the Democrat Party (1970–1976) | |
| 2 | New Force Party | Athit Urairat | ||
| 3 | Bangkok Thonburi Development Group | Chomphu Atchinda | ||
| 4 | Independent | Thiambun Thinonbutra | ||
| 5 | Independent | Thainga Suwanthat | Former Member of the House of Representatives | |
Results
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thammanoon Thien-ngern | Democrat Party | 99,247 | 39.16 | |
| Athit Urairat | New Force Party | 91,678 | 36.17 | |
| Chomphu Atchinda | Bangkok Thonburi Development | 39,440 | 15.56 | |
| Thiambun Thinonbutra | Independent | 17,625 | 6.95 | |
| Thainga Suwanthat | Independent | 5,444 | 2.15 | |
| Total | 253,434 | 100.00 | ||
| Democrat Party gain | ||||
After the Democrats secured the most votes, Thammanoon Thien-ngern was sworn in as governor and served until his dismissal in 1977.[2]
References
- 1 2 "The Bangkok governor election – in numbers". world.thaipbs.or.th. Retrieved 2026-06-13.
- 1 2 "Bangkok elections after a nine-year wait". nationthailand. 2022-04-25. Retrieved 2026-06-13.
- ↑ "วิวัฒนาการของกรุงเทพมหานคร (Evolution of Bangkok)". BMA Data Center (in Thai). Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
- ↑ "Bangkok's New Governor is Sending Shockwaves Through Thailand's Political Landscape". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2024-02-02.
- ↑ Butterfield, Fox (1975-01-27). "VOTE IN THAILAND APPEARS SUCCESS". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-06-13.
- ↑ Zimmerman, Robert F. (1976). "Thailand 1975: Transition to Constitutional Democracy Continues". Asian Survey. 16 (2): 159–172. doi:10.2307/2643144. ISSN 0004-4687.
- ↑ "Why Bangkok is the only province that can elect its governor". nationthailand. 2025-10-13. Retrieved 2026-06-13.
- ↑ วิทยานิพนธ์เรื่อง "พฤติกรรมการลงคะแนนเสียงเลือกตั้งผู้ว่าราชการกรุงเทพมหานคร" Juthatip Sukrangsri, 2016, (Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University)