1683 in science
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The year 1683 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Geography
- Vincenzo Coronelli completes terrestrial and celestial globes for Louis XIV of France.
Biology
- September 17 – Antonie van Leeuwenhoek writes a letter to the Royal Society of London describing "animalcules" – the first known description of protozoa.[1]
Mathematics
- May – Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus publishes the Tschirnhaus transformation.[2]
- Based on his discovery of the resultant, Seki Takakazu starts to develop elimination theory in the Kai-fukudai-no-hō (解伏題之法,); and to express the resultant, he develops the notion of the determinant.[3]
- Jacob Bernoulli discovers the mathematical constant e.[4]
Medicine
- Dutch physician Willem ten Rhijne publishes Dissertatio de Arthritide: Mantissa Schematica: De Acupunctura in London, introducing the West to acupuncture and moxibustion.
Technology
- Vauban's manual on fortification, Le Directeur-Général des fortifications, begins publication at The Hague.
Institutions
- May 24 – The Ashmolean Museum opens in Broad Street, Oxford (England) as the world's first purpose-built university museum,[5] including accommodation for the teaching of natural philosophy and a chemistry laboratory. Naturalist Dr. Robert Plot is the first keeper and first professor of chemistry.
- October 15 – First meeting of the Dublin Philosophical Society, established by William Molyneux.[6][7][8]
Births
- February 28 – Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur, French physicist (died 1757)
- December 23 – François Nicole, French mathematician (died 1758)
- Approximate date
- Giovanni Poleni, Venetian mathematician and physicist (died 1761)
- Edmund Weaver, English astronomer (died 1748)
Deaths
- May 2 – Stjepan Gradić, Ragusan polymath (born 1613)
- November 10
- John Collins, English mathematician (born 1625)
- Robert Morison, Scottish botanist (born 1620)
References
- ↑ Anderson, Douglas. "Wrote Letter 39 of 1683-09-17 (AB 76) to Francis Aston". Lens on Leeuwenhoek. Archived from the original on 2016-08-20. Retrieved 2016-09-26.
- ↑ Acta Eruditorum pp. 204-7.
- ↑ Eves, Howard (1990). An Introduction to the History of Mathematics (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders College. p. 405. ISBN 0-03-029558-0.
- ↑ Boyer, Carl; Merzbach, Uta (1991). A History of Mathematics (2nd ed.). Wiley. p. 419. ISBN 9780471543978.
- ↑ "Ashmolean Museum". The Invention of Museum Anthropology. Oxford: Pitt Rivers Museum. 2012. Retrieved 2019-05-25.
- ↑ Jones, Greta; Malcolm, Elizabeth (1999). Medicine, Disease and the State in Ireland, 1650–1940. Cork University Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-85918-230-7.
- ↑ Wilde, W. R. (1844–1847). "Memoir of the Dublin Philosophical Society of 1683". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 3. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy: 160–76. JSTOR 20489545.
- ↑ Spearman, T. D. (1992). "400 Years of Mathematics". Trinity College Dublin. Retrieved 2014-01-09.