He (Georgian letter)

He
Ⴡ ⴡ ჱ Ჱ
Usage
Writing systemGeorgian script
TypeAlphabetic
Language of originGeorgian language
Svan language
Sound values[e̞j], [eː]
In UnicodeU+10C1, U+2D21, U+10F1, U+1CB1
Alphabetical position8
History
Time periodc. 430 to present
TransliterationsĒ, Ey
Other
Associated numbers8
Writing directionLeft-to-right

He, Ei,[1][2] or E-merve[a] (Asomtavruli: Ⴡ; Nuskhuri: ⴡ; Mkhedruli: ჱ; Mtavruli: Ჱ; Georgian: ეჲ, ეი,[2] ე-მერვე) is the 8th letter of the three Georgian scripts.[4] In the Georgian language, it represented the diphthong /e̞j/. Currently, it is only used in the Svan language, where it is used for /eː/.

In the system of Georgian numerals, it has a value of 8. It is now obsolete in the Georgian language, replaced by ეჲ (ei) due to its identical pronunciation.[5] It is typically romanized with the letter E with macron (Ē) or with the digraph Ey.[6]

Letter

asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli mtavruli

Three-dimensional

asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli

Stroke order

asomtavruli[7]

Computer encodings

Character information
PreviewჁⴡჱᲱ
Unicode name GEORGIAN CAPITAL LETTER HE[8] GEORGIAN SMALL LETTER HE[9] GEORGIAN LETTER HE[8] GEORGIAN MTAVRULI CAPITAL LETTER HE
Encodingsdecimalhexdechexdechexdechex
Unicode4289U+10C111553U+2D214337U+10F17345U+1CB1
UTF-8225 131 129E1 83 81226 180 161E2 B4 A1225 131 177E1 83 B1225 178 177E1 B2 B1
Numeric character referenceჁჁⴡⴡჱჱᲱᲱ

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ lit. eighth e.[3]

References

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  1. ↑ Aronson, Howard Isaac. Georgian: A Reading Grammar. — Columbus, OH : Slavica Publishers, 1990. — p. 18. — ISBN 978-0-89357-207-5
  2. 1 2 Shanidze, Akaki (1973). The Basics of the Georgian language grammar. Tbilisi.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. ↑ Otar Jishkariani, Praise of the Alphabet, 1986, Tbilisi, p. 1
  4. ↑ Machavariani, p. 136
  5. ↑ Mchedlidze, (2) p. 33
  6. ↑ "Transliteration of Georgian" (PDF).
  7. ↑ Mchedlidze, I, p. 105
  8. 1 2 Unicode (1)
  9. ↑ Unicode (2)

Bibliography

  • Mchedlidze, T. (1) The restored Georgian alphabet, Fulda, Germany, 2013
  • Mchedlidze, T. (2) The Georgian script; Dictionary and guide, Fulda, Germany, 2013
  • Machavariani, E. Georgian manuscripts, Tbilisi, 2011
  • The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (1) Georgian, 1991-2013
  • The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (2) Georgian Supplement, 1991-2013
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