ZNTK Poznań Regio Tramp

SA105, SA108
SA105-001 and SA105-002 at the Wolsztyn railway station
SA105-001 and SA105-002 at Wolsztyn railway station
ManufacturerZNTK Poznań
AssemblyPoznań, Poland
Constructed2002–2007
Number built17
Specifications
Width2,900 mm (110 in)
Height3,800 mm (150 in)
Wheel diameter840 mm (33 in)
Maximum speed100 km/h (62 mph)
Engine typeMAN
TransmissionVoith 863.3p torque converter

ZNTK Poznań Regio Tramp is a family of standard-gauge railbuses manufactured by ZNTK Poznań. Seven one-unit vehicles (types 213M and 213Ma, series SA105) and ten two-unit vehicles (type 215M, series SA108) were built between 2002 and 2007. A three-unit version (type 216M) was planned but never produced. The railbuses are operated by Greater Poland Railways, who own six units, and Polregio, who own eleven units.

History

Background

By the mid-1990s, the PKP Group owned six railbuses manufactured by Kolzam (SN81 and SA104) and six produced by ZNTK Poznań (SA101 and SA102).[1] In the 1990s, PKP planned to make significant purchases of new rolling stock: sixteen Pendolino trainsets, fifty EU11/EU43 locomotives from Adtranz-Pafawag, and several hundred railbuses for local routes.[2] The tender for the Pendolino trains was cancelled in 2000 following an audit by the Supreme Audit Office.[3] Although the tender for the locomotives was not cancelled, none of them entered service in Poland due to PKP's financial situation, and all were sold to Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, the Italian national railway company, in 2002.[4]

The adoption of the PKP Restructuring Act in 2000 changed the way regional transport was financed, establishing PKP Przewozy Regionalne (later Polregio) and requiring local governments to allocate a portion of their funds toward the purchase of rolling stock.[5] Drawing on experience from earlier preparations, ZNTK Poznań proposed to local governments the Regio Tramp family of railbuses in one-, two-, and three-unit versions.[2] In addition to ZNTK Poznań, Kolzam also participated in the tenders with its RegioVan, as did Pesa (formerly ZNTK Bydgoszcz) with its Partner.[2]

The first order for the Regio Tramp came from the Marshal's Office of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, which ordered two single-unit vehicles. The first of these began testing in April 2002 at the Railway Scientific and Technical Center in Warsaw.[6]

Design

Driver's cab
Bogie

Regio Tramps are single-space, partially low-floor railbuses designed for regional passenger service on less-busy, mainly non-electrified lines.[2] They were produced in one- and two-unit versions. Although plans for a three-unit configuration existed, it was never built.[2][7]

Regio Tramps have a lightweight, modular body design with a lowered floor in the entrance area, down to 600 mm above rail level.[2] There is a designated area for wheelchair users and for transporting bicycles.[8] Three steps lead up to the raised sections.[9][10]

The bodies are mounted on bogies using a two-stage suspension system. The first stage consists of chevron metallic-rubber springs, and the second consists of pneumatic and metallic-rubber springs – the latter serve as a backup in the event of a loss of air pressure in the airbags.[8]

Both the 213M car and each 215M unit are equipped with one single-axle motor bogie (type 19MN)[8] and one single-axle trailer bogie[2] (type 32AN), both fitted with wheelsets with disc brakes.[8] In the planned three-unit version, the middle unit was to be detachable. The power unit – a diesel engine integrated with a torque converter and a hydrodynamic brake – is located under the floor beneath the motor bogie in a power-pack arrangement.[2]

The vehicles are equipped with standard train protection systems: vigilance control, automatic train braking, and Radio-Stop.[2]

Variants

Type Number
of units		 Wheel
arrangement		 Service
weight		 Length Number and power
of engines		 Engine type Seated
capacity		 Total
capacity		 Number
built		 Sources
213M 1 A'1' 28 tn 17,000 mm 1 × 257 kW MAN D2866 LUH21 36+7 90 2 [9][11]
213Ma 24 tn 17,720 mm MAN D2866 LUH21 35–44 5 [12][13]
215M 2 A'1'+1'A' 56 tn 34,720 mm 2 × 257 kW MAN D2866 LUH21
MAN D2876 LUE21		 100+10
90+8
82+16		 205
198
–		 10 [10][11][14]
216M 3 A'1'+1'1'+1'A' 52,320 mm 2 × 257 kW — 137 292 0 [2]

213M and 213Ma

The 213M vehicles are equipped with two pairs of single-leaf doors with an 800 mm clearance,[2] while the 213Ma have one pair of double-leaf doors.[12] The 213M models have Scharfenberg automatic couplings (allowing both 213M units to operate in double-unit formation),[9] while the 213Ma have screw couplings and buffers.[12] The 213M models are equipped with cameras instead of side mirrors.[2] Originally, the first 213M (SA105-001) did not have a restroom.[2][15]

215M

The 215M vehicles are equipped with two pairs of double-leaf doors with a clearance of 1,300 mm, as well as screw couplings and buffers.[2] In the low-floor sections, one unit has a space designated for transporting bicycles, while the other has a restroom.[16] Some vehicles have a larger restroom and slightly fewer seats.[10]

Modernizations

In 2009, both of Greater Poland's 213M vehicles (SA105-001 and 002) were modernized by Pesa in Bydgoszcz. The first vehicle was fitted with a restroom, and air conditioning was installed in both vehicles.[15] In August 2015, the Marshal's Office of Greater Poland Voivodeship announced a tender for the next modernization of SA105-001.[17]

On 13 August 2013, the Greater Poland Marshal's Office placed an order with Pesa for the modernisation of two 215M-type vehicles, which included the installation of a front-view camera system, the modernization of the passenger information system, and the installation of a battery power supply system for the second unit in the event of an engine failure.[18][19] On 30 June 2014, the Marshal's Office signed a contract with Pesa extending the scope of the order to include one additional 215M-type vehicle (SA108-001).[20] In September 2016, it was decided to expand the order to include the modernization of unit SA108-008.[21]

On 26 May 2014, the Lubusz Marshal's Office placed an order with Pesa for the modernisation and major overhaul of one 213Ma (SA105-105) and one 215M (SA108-006) vehicle. As part of this modernization, the vehicles were equipped with, among other things, a front-view camera system, an upgraded passenger information system, and an automatic passenger counting system. In the 215M vehicle, one of the two restroom compartments was removed, and a battery power supply system for the second unit was installed to be used in the event of an engine failure.[14][22] On 16 June 2015, the Marshal's Office awarded a contract to H. Cegielski – Fabryka Pojazdów Szynowych for the modernization of SA105-101 (the scope of this modernization was similar to that of unit No. 105),[23][24] and in August 2015 for the modernization of SA105-102;[25] the work on SA105-101 was completed in early 2015.[26] In January 2016, the Marshal's Office announced a tender for the modernization of SA105-104.[27] The only bid in this tender was submitted by H. Cegielski,[28] and a contract was signed.[29] The repair was completed in July.[30]

On 1 July 2019, the Podlaskie branch of Polregio signed a contract with a consortium of Serwis Pojazdów Szynowych Lisi Ogon and Piotr Mieczkowski Autoryzowany Serwis Pojazdów Szynowych Trzeciewnica for the modernization of SA105-103 and SA108-007, including, among other things, the replacement of passenger seats, the installation of a ticket machine, a passenger counting system, wireless internet, USB chargers, a new passenger information system, and a monitoring system.[31][32] In May 2020, the work on SA105-103 was completed.[33]

In 2019, the Marshal's Office of Greater Poland Voivodeship conducted a tender for the modernization of SA108-010, but it did not take place, since the only bid exceeded the planned budget.[34] In February 2020, the tender was reopened and 3 bids were submitted.[35][36] The modernization included the replacement of passenger seats, surveillance systems, passenger information displays, a 230 V external power supply, a power supply for the second unit, passenger blinds, separation of the heating system from the exhaust system, improved lighting, and the addition of bins.[37]

Naming issue

According to PKP classifications, SA105 and SA108 are railbuses (Polish: autobusy szynowe); however, the SA105 could also be classified as a diesel railcar, and the SA108 as a diesel multiple unit. The criterion for classifying a vehicle as a railbus is the imprecisely defined "lightness" of the rolling stock. Ultimately, the decision to classify the Regio Tramp vehicles as railbuses was influenced by preferential infrastructure access rates for this type of vehicle.[38] Additional confusion is introduced by the national infrastructure manager – PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe – which uses the colloquial term "szynobus" in its train route allocation regulations.[39]

Operations

Ownership Type Series No. Unit numbers Operator Ref.
Lubusz Voivodeship 213Ma SA105 4 101–102, 104–105 Polregio [39]
215M SA108 1 006
Podlaskie Voivodeship 213Ma SA105 1 103
215M SA108 2 007, 009
Greater Poland Voivodeship 213M SA105 2 001–002 Greater Poland Railways [40][41]
215M SA108 7 001–003, 010
004–005, 008 Polregio

Greater Poland Voivodeship

SA108 at Poznań Główny

On 1 August 2002, two 213Ms began service on the routes from Poznań to Wągrowiec and Grodzisk Wielkopolski.[42] In November 2002, the local government of the Greater Poland Voivodeship signed a contract for the delivery of five two-unit 215M vehicles, the first of which began service in 2003 on the route from Leszno to Ostrów Wielkopolski, replacing a train set hauled by an SU45 locomotive.[1] By the end of the year, three more 215Ms had been delivered, and the fifth unit was delivered in 2004.[39]

In 2005, SA108-003 (type 215M) was presented at the Trako trade fair in Gdańsk's Oliwa.[43] In 2006, SA108-008 (type 215M) was delivered, and in 2007, SA108-010, which was the last vehicle produced in the Regio Tramp family.[39]

Until 31 May 2011, all trainsets were operated exclusively by Polregio; from 1 June, SA105-001 and SA108-001–003 and SA108-010 were transferred to Greater Poland Railways.[44][45] On 12 March 2014, SA108-002 collided with a bus, resulting in one death and serious damage to the vehicle.[19] On 13 December 2015, the Marshal's Office of the Greater Poland Voivodeship terminated the lease of SA105-001 to Greater Poland Railways and leased it to Polregio for 5 years.[40][46] However, it and SA105-002 were transferred to Greater Poland Railways on 8 May 2018.[41]

Lubusz Voivodeship

SA105 at Międzyrzecz railway station

In September 2002, the government of Lubusz Voivodeship signed a contract for the delivery of four 213Ma railbuses.[47] On 1 September 2003, the first, SA105-101, began service on the reintroduced route between Gorzów Wielkopolski and Międzyrzecz.[1] On 2 August 2004, the second 213Ma vehicle (SA105-102) commenced operating on the route between Zielona Góra and Żagań.[48] In 2005, the remaining two 213Ma vehicles (SA105-104 and 105) were delivered.[49] On 9 January 2006, the only 215M vehicle, SA108-006, came into service.[50]

On 9 December 2007, one of the 213Ma vehicles was assigned to serve the reintroduced route between Międzyrzecz and Rzepin.[51] At the end of 2012, two vehicles were sent for a general overhaul to Tabor Szynowy Opole.[52] In mid-2019, the trainsets were operating the route between Gorzów Wielkopolski and Zielona Góra.[53] The 213Ma vehicles are authorized to enter the German rail network up to Forst (Lausitz) station.[54]

Podlaskie Voivodeship

SA108 at Hajnówka railway station

On 25 November 2005, the first 215M vehicle was delivered to the Podlaskie Voivodeship,[55] and a second one in 2006.[39] However, these were not the first railbuses operated by the Podlasie branch of PKP Przewozy Regionalne, as SN81 units owned by PKP Przewozy Regionalne had already been in service there.[1]

In 2007, the vehicles were used on the Białystok–Czeremcha–Siedlce route,[56] and on the Hajnówka–Czeremcha–Siedlce route in 2008.[39]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Terczyński, Paweł (2003). "Autobusy szynowe na torach PKP" [Railbuses on PKP Tracks]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 4. Łódź: Emi-press: 12–15. ISSN 1234-5962.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Malczewski, Marek (2003). "Autobusy szynowe Regio Tramp" [Regio Tramp Railbuses]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 3. Łódź: Emi-press: 12–13. ISSN 1234-5962.
  3. ↑ "PKP i Pendolino" [PKP and Pendolino]. rmf24.pl (in Polish). 10 February 2000. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  4. ↑ Wielgus, J. (2002). "EU11 sprzedane" [EU11 Sold]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 11. Łódź: Emi-press: 4. ISSN 1234-5962.
  5. ↑ Malczewski, Marek (2003). "Autobusy szynowe RegioVAN" [RegioVAN Railbuses]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 4. Łódź: Emi-press: 12–13. ISSN 1234-5962.
  6. ↑ Terczyński, Paweł (2002). "Poznański „Regio Tramp" już na kołach!" [The Poznań "Regio Tramp" Already on Wheels!]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 4. Łódź: Emi-press: 3. ISSN 1234-5962.
  7. ↑ Terczyński, Paweł (2007). "Spalinowe wagony silnikowe" [Diesel Railcars]. Atlas Lokomotyw 2007 [Locomotive Atlas 2007] (in Polish) (3rd ed.). Poznań: Poznań Railway Modellers Club. pp. 152–175. ISBN 978-83-920757-7-6.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "Informacje o szynobusach" [Information About Railbuses]. zntkpoznan.com.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 12 April 2012.
  9. 1 2 3 "Dokumentacja Systemu Utrzymania Jednoczłonowego autobusu szynowego typu 213M serii SA105" [Maintenance System Documentation for the Single-Unit Type 213M Series SA105 Railbus] (PDF). kolejewlkp.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 March 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 "Dokumentacja Systemu Utrzymania Dwuczłonowego autobusu szynowego typu 215M serii SA108" [Maintenance System Documentation for the Two-Unit Type 215M Series SA108 Railbus] (PDF). kolejewlkp.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2015.
  11. 1 2 "Nasze pojazdy" [Our Vehicles]. Greater Poland Railways (in Polish). Archived from the original on 26 October 2017.
  12. 1 2 3 Terczyński, Paweł (2007). "SA105". Atlas Lokomotyw 2007 [Locomotive Atlas 2007] (in Polish) (3rd ed.). Poznań: Poznań Railway Modellers Club. p. 164. ISBN 978-83-920757-7-6.
  13. ↑ "Szynobus na Podlasiu" [Railbus in Podlachia]. wrotapodlasia.pl (in Polish). 30 September 2004. Archived from the original on 19 April 2015.
  14. 1 2 "Wykonanie modernizacji dwóch sztuk pojazdów kolejowych typu 213Ma (SA105-105) oraz typu 215M (SA108-006) przeznaczonych do wykonywania przewozów pasażerskich" [Carrying Out the Refurbishment of Two Type 213Ma (SA105-105) and Type 215M (SA108-006) Railway Vehicles Intended for Passenger Services]. bip.lubuskie.pl (in Polish). 3 February 2014. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014.
  15. 1 2 Kroma, Robert; Sosiński, Janusz; Zintel, Krzysztof (2014). "Autobusy szynowe 213M i 215M Regio Tramp z ZNTK Poznań" [213M and 215M Regio Tramp Railbuses from ZNTK Poznań]. Normalnotorowe wagony silnikowe kolei polskich 1991–2013 [Standard-Gauge Diesel Railcars of Polish Railways 1991–2013] (in Polish) (1st ed.). Poznań: BWH Kolpress. pp. 42–47. ISBN 978-83-933257-6-4.
  16. ↑ Terczyński, Paweł (2007). "SA108". Atlas Lokomotyw 2007 [Locomotive Atlas 2007] (in Polish) (3rd ed.). Poznań: Poznań Railway Modellers Club. p. 165. ISBN 978-83-920757-7-6.
  17. ↑ "Wielkopolski SA105 do modernizacji. Jaki będzie zakres remontu?" [Wielkopolska SA105 for Refurbishment. What Will the Scope of the Overhaul Be?]. rynek-kolejowy.pl (in Polish). 18 August 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  18. ↑ "Ogłoszenie o zamówieniu w postępowaniu pn.: "Wykonanie naprawy głównej wraz z modernizacją 2 sztuk autobusów szynowych typu 215M serii SA108"" [Contract Notice for the Proceeding: "Carrying Out a General Overhaul Combined with the Refurbishment of 2 Type 215M Series SA108 Railbuses"]. bip.umww.pl (in Polish). 14 June 2013. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013.
  19. 1 2 Kalinowski, D. (2014). "Modernizacje SA108-002 i 003 w Pesie Bydgoszcz" [Refurbishments of SA108-002 and 003 at Pesa Bydgoszcz]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 5. Łódź: Emi-press: 4. ISSN 1234-5962.
  20. ↑ "Zamówienie publiczne – 237049-2014" [Public Procurement – 237049-2014]. ted.europa.eu (in Polish). 10 July 2014. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014.
  21. ↑ "PESA zmodernizuje SA108-008" [PESA to Refurbish SA108-008]. rynek-kolejowy.pl (in Polish). 28 September 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  22. ↑ "Zamówienie publiczne – 212388-2014" [Public Procurement – 212388-2014]. ted.europa.eu (in Polish). 20 June 2014. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016.
  23. ↑ "Zamówienie publiczne – 239653-2015" [Public Procurement – 239653-2015]. ted.europa.eu (in Polish). 7 July 2015. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021.
  24. ↑ "Modernizacja pojazdu kolejowego typu 213Ma (SA105-101)" [Refurbishment of Type 213Ma (SA105-101) Railway Vehicle]. bip.lubuskie.pl (in Polish). 4 May 2015. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015.
  25. ↑ "Modernizacja pojazdu kolejowego typu 213Ma (SA105-102)" [Refurbishment of Type 213Ma (SA105-102) Railway Vehicle]. bip.lubuskie.pl (in Polish). 24 June 2015. Archived from the original on 30 June 2015.
  26. ↑ "Lubuski SA105-101 zmodernizowany przez Cegielskiego" [Lubusz SA105-101 Refurbished by Cegielski]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 12 January 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  27. ↑ "Lubuskie zmodernizuje SA105-104" [Lubusz to Refurbish SA105-104]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 25 January 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  28. ↑ "Jedna oferta na modernizację SA105-104" [One Bid for the Refurbishment of SA105-104]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 17 February 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  29. ↑ "FPS z umową na modernizację SA105-104" [FPS Signs Contract for the Refurbishment of SA105-104]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 23 March 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  30. ↑ "FPS zakończyła modernizację SA105-104" [FPS Completes the Refurbishment of SA105-104]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  31. ↑ "Podlaskie SA105 i SA108 jadą na naprawy. Umowa podpisana" [Podlaskie SA105 and SA108 Going for Overhaul. Contract Signed]. inforail.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  32. ↑ "ASO Mieczkowski zmodernizuje podlaskie Regio Trampy [aktualizacja]" [ASO Mieczkowski to Refurbish the Podlaskie Regio Tramps [update]]. rynek-kolejowy.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  33. ↑ "SA105-103 jak nowy. I w nowych podlaskich barwach" [SA105-103 as Good as New. And in New Podlaskie Colours]. inforail.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  34. ↑ "Przetarg na modernizację SA108-010 unieważniony. Za drogo" [Tender for the Refurbishment of SA108-010 Annulled. Too Expensive]. inforail.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  35. ↑ "Województwo Wielkopolskie ponownie próbuje zmodernizować SA108-010" [Greater Poland Voivodeship Tries Again to Refurbish SA108-010]. inforail.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  36. ↑ "Modertrans chce modernizować SA108-010. Ale ma konkurencję" [Modertrans Wants to Refurbish SA108-010. But Has Competition]. inforail.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  37. ↑ "Kto zmodernizuje kolejnego Regio Trampa? Niespodzianka z Poznania" [Who Will Refurbish the Next Regio Tramp? A Surprise from Poznań]. rynek-kolejowy.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  38. ↑ Biega, Stanisław; Maciąg, Marcin; Rytel, Krzysztof (2006). "Efektywność wykorzystania nowego taboru w Polsce – na przykładzie autobusów szynowych" [The Efficiency of New Rolling Stock Use in Poland – on the Example of Railbuses] (PDF). Raport (in Polish). 5: 3.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Terczyński, Paweł (2008). "Wagony i zespoły spalinowe w obsłudze ruchu regionalnego na PKP" [Diesel Railcars and Multiple Units in Regional Service on PKP]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 9. Łódź: Emi-press: 12–21. ISSN 1234-5962.
  40. 1 2 "Uchwała w sprawie zawarcia umów dzierżawy na 34 elektryczne zespoły trakcyjne i 22 autobusy szynowe, stanowiące własność Województwa Wielkopolskiego" [Resolution on Concluding Lease Agreements for 34 Electric Multiple Units and 22 Railbuses Owned by Greater Poland Voivodeship] (PDF). bip.umww.pl (in Polish). 1 December 2015. p. 3. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  41. 1 2 "Wielkopolska zleci naprawę główną SA105" [Greater Poland to Commission a General Overhaul of the SA105]. rynek-kolejowy.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  42. ↑ Terczyński, Paweł (2002). "Wielkopolska pierwsza!" [Greater Poland First!]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 8. Łódź: Emi-press: 12–13. ISSN 1234-5962.
  43. ↑ Gożdziewicz, Jacek (2005). "Trako 2005". Świat Kolei (in Polish). 11. Łódź: Emi-press: 16–19. ISSN 1234-5962.
  44. ↑ "Koleje Wielkopolskie wystartowały" [Greater Poland Railways Have Started]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 7 June 2011. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  45. ↑ "Uchwała Nr 1387/2011 Zarządu Województwa Wielkopolskiego z dnia 8 grudnia 2011 roku" [Resolution No. 1387/2011 of the Board of Greater Poland Voivodeship of 8 December 2011] (PDF). bip.umww.pl (in Polish). 8 December 2011. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  46. ↑ "Uchwała w sprawie zawarcia umów dzierżawy na 34 elektryczne zespoły trakcyjne i 22 autobusy szynowe, stanowiące własność Województwa Wielkopolskiego" [Resolution on Concluding Lease Agreements for 34 Electric Multiple Units and 22 Railbuses Owned by Greater Poland Voivodeship]. bip.umww.pl (in Polish). 5 December 2014. p. 3. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  47. ↑ "Kolzam wyprodukuje kolejne szynobusy" [Kolzam to Produce More Railbuses]. infobus.pl (in Polish). 3 January 2003. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  48. ↑ Klauza, A. (2004). "Szynobus w Żaganiu" [Railbus in Żagań]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 9. Łódź: Emi-press: 12–13. ISSN 1234-5962.
  49. ↑ Wach, Karol (20 March 2006). "Polskie szynobusy spalinowe – podsumowanie roku 2005" [Polish Diesel Railbuses – 2005 Summary]. inforail.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  50. ↑ Szczeciński, R. (2006). "Nowy szynobus dla kolei lubuskiej" [New Railbus for the Lubusz Railway]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 4. Łódź: Emi-press: 5. ISSN 1234-5962.
  51. ↑ Korcz, P. (2008). "Kolejna reaktywacja w Lubuskim" [Another Reactivation in Lubusz]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 1. Łódź: Emi-press: 4–5. ISSN 1234-5962.
  52. ↑ "Lubuskie: Szynobusy nie jeżdżą, bo są w naprawach" [Lubusz: Railbuses Not Running Because They Are Being Overhauled]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 15 October 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  53. ↑ "Lubuskie SA105 pojeżdżą kolejne 15 lat" [Lubusz SA105 Units to Run for a Further 15 Years]. inforail.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  54. ↑ Korcz, P. (2008). "Na polsko-niemieckim pograniczu (1)" [On the Polish–German Border Area (1)]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 3. Łódź: Emi-press: 12–15. ISSN 1234-5962.
  55. ↑ "Nowy szynobus dla woj. podlaskiego" [New Railbus for Podlaskie Voivodeship]. inforail.pl (in Polish). 3 December 2005. Retrieved 16 March 2026.
  56. ↑ Graff, M. (2007). "Autobusy szynowe na Podlasiu" [Railbuses in Podlachia]. Świat Kolei (in Polish). 6. Łódź: Emi-press: 4–5. ISSN 1234-5962.
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