Timeline of shipbuilding on the River Tyne

The following is a timeline of the history of shipbuilding on the River Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England.

13th century

1290s

15th century

1400s

  • 1400s
    • The Newcastle Guild of Shipwrights had been a recognised trade since the 1400s[5]

16th century

1500s

  • 1508
    • A 'rowbarge' was constructed for Newcastle upon Tyne[4]

17th century

1600s

  • 1604
    • The Newcastle Guild of Shipwrights (along with 14 other lesser craft trades) finally achieved full Guild status[5]
  • 1604–1616
    • Newcastle Guild of Shipwrights members built ten ships 'fit for service', ie able to act at naval auxiliaries in time of war[6]

18th century

1720s

1740s

  • 1740
    • Only four ships, of an estimated 800 tons, were registered to South Shields[7]

1750s

  • 1750
    • Russell was launched by Headlam's yard (Gateshead), the largest vessel built on the Tyne up to that time, able to carry 30 keels of coal[8]
  • 1756
    • William Rowe began building ships on the Tyne (St Peter's yard, Newcastle upon Tyne)[9]

1760s

  • 1763
    • HMS Solebay, a frigate of 28 guns, was launched by Thomas Airey & Co of Newcastle upon Tyne, attracting a 'great concourse of spectators'[8]

1770s

  • 1772
    • Lockwood Broderick began building ships at South Shields[10]

19th century

1800s

  • 1800
    • Newcastle upon Tyne was the third largest shipbuilding port in England behind London and Liverpool[11]
  • 1809
    • 500 ships, totalling over 100,000 tons, were registered to South Shields, which hosted 12 shipbuilding yards and an even larger number of docks[7]

1810s

  • 1810
    • William Rowe was bought out by Thomas and William Smith, who continued shipbuilding at St Peter's yard, Newcastle upon Tyne[9]
    • Thomas and William Smith acquired Laing's Dock at North Shields as an additional repairing establishment[9]

1820s

  • 1820
    • Robert and William Hawthorn opened an engine works at Forth Banks, Newcastle upon Tyne, building three pairs of engines for steam packets in he first year[12]
  • 1828
  • 1829

1830s

  • 1830
    • Thomas Dunn Marshall began building ships in part of the old yard of Robert Wallis in South Shields[10]
  • 1839
    • Thomas Dunn Marshall built the Tyne's first iron steamer, a small passenger ship named Star [13]

1840s

1850s

  • 1851
  • 1852
    • April: Northumberland, an iron paddle tug, was launched, the first vessel constructed by Palmers[18]
    • 30 June: Iron-built steam collier John Bowes was launched,[13][19] the second vessel built by Palmers[18]
    • Andrew Leslie established a shipbuilding yard at Hebburn[13]
  • 1853
  • 1856
    • 24 April: HMS Terror, battleship, launched by Palmers[20]
    • The shipbuilding yard of Charles Coutts in Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne was closed[14]
  • 1857
    • Blast furnaces for the production of pig-iron were established at Palmers Jarrow shipyard[21]
  • 1858
  • 1859

1860s

  • 1860
  • 1861
    • Ambrose completed at the Neptune yard of John Wigham Richardson[28]
    • HMS Defence launched at Palmer Bros yard in Jarrow[29]
  • 1863
    • 15 August: Palmers launched four vessels simultaneously[22], Europa and Latana from the Jarrow yard and John McIntyre and No.1 from the Howdon yard[30]
  • 1866
  • 1868

1870s

  • 1872
    • HMS Cerberus and HMS Gorgon, coastal defence ships, were completed by Palmers[32]
  • 1873
  • 1874
  • 1875
    • HMS Sabrina and HMS Spey, river gunboats, were completed by Palmers[33]
  • 1876
  • 1877
    • Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]
  • 1878
    • John Readhead & Sons began building their first ship for the Hain Line[35]
    • The flat-iron colliers, Roystone and Vauxhall were launched by Palmers[36]
  • 1879
    • Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]

1880s

  • 1880–1883
    • Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]
  • 1880
  • 1881
    • The oil tanker Massis was completed at Armstong Mitchells shipyard in Low Walker[23]
  • 1882
  • 1884
    • January: Albatross, the first steel ship built by Palmers, was launched[20]
    • Shipyard devoted exclusively to warship construction opened by WG Armstrong at Elswick[37][31]
  • 1885
    • HMS Surprise and HMS Alacrity, naval despatch vessels, were delivered by Palmers[32]
  • 1886
  • 1887
    • 22 January: Era, an oil tanker, was launched by Palmers[38]
  • 1888
    • John Wigham Richardson's Neptune shipyard delivered the passenger liner and troopship Alfonso XII[23][39][40]
    • Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]
  • 1889
    • Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]

1890s

20th century

1900s

1910s

1920s

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

  • 1960
    • 10 May: RMS Empress of Canada launched at Walker Naval Yard of Vickers Armstrong for Canadian Pacific,[37][140] the second largest liner to be built on the Tyne[141]
    • September: SS Príncipe Perfeito launched by Swan Hunter for the Companhia Nacional de Navegação[142]
    • MV Lobito Palm completed at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard for the Palm Line[143]
    • By 1960 John Readhead and Sons at South Shields had built 87 vessels for the Hain Line[35]
  • 1961
  • 1962
    • Clan Finlay completed at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard for the Clan Line[145]
  • 1963
    • June: Media delivered by John Readhead & Sons at South Shields for the Cunard Line[146]
    • Saxonia launched by John Readhead & Sons at South Shields for the Cunard Line[147]
  • 1966–1968
    • Shipbuilders on the Tyne were merged into Swan Hunter, including John Readhead & Sons at South Shields, Vickers Armstrong at Walker, Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn and Clelands Shipbuilding at Willington Quay[148]
  • 1968
    • Vickers-Armstrongs sold off their naval yard at Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne[149]
  • 1969

1970s

  • 1972
    • 15 May: Vistafjord launched at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard[151] for the Norwegian America Line,[152] the last passenger liner constructed on the Tyne[153]
    • 11 July: Joseph R Smallwood launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for the Nile Steamship Co Ltd[154]
    • 25 August: Corabank launched at the Swan Hunter South Shields yard for the Bank Line[154]
    • 12 November: Meadowbank launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Bank Line[154]
  • 1973
    • 6 February: Frank D Moores launched at Swan Hunter's Hebburn yard for the Nile Steamship Co Ltd[154]
    • 7 March: RFA Gold Rover launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary[154]
    • 31 May: Forthbank launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for the Bank Line[154]
    • 1 June: Moraybank launched at the Swan Hunter South Shields yard for the Bank Line[154]
    • 30 August: RFA Black Rover launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary[154]
    • 14 September: Alnwick Castle launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for the Bamburgh Shipping Co[154]
    • 26 November: Clydebank launched at Swan Hunter's Hebburn yard for the Bank Line[154]
    • HMS Bristol, a Type 82 destroyer, completed at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard, the largest warship launched at that yard[155]
  • 1974
    • 7 February: Ivybank launched at the Swan Hunter South Shields yard for the Bank Line[154]
    • 21 June: Windsor Lion launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for Anglomar Shipping[154]
  • 1975
    • 24 April: HMS Newcastle launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Navy[154]
    • 6 October: Tyne Pride launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for Meridor Tankers[154]
  • 1976
    • 14 April: HMS Glasgow launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Navy[154]
  • 1977
    • 17 March: Singularity launched at Swan Hunter's South Shields yard for FT Everard[156]
    • 21 July: Starman Anglia launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard[156]
    • Swan Hunter was nationalised[148]
  • 1978
    • 24 April: Aldrington launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for Stephenson Clarke Shipping[156]
    • 20 July: Pacific Swan launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for BNFL[156]
    • 16 October: Royal Prince launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for Furness Withy[156]
    • 17 October: Crown Prince launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for Furness Withy[156]
  • 1979
    • 8 November: MS Kopalnia Gottwald launched at Swan Hunter's Hebburn yard for the Polish Steamship Co[156]

1980s

1990s

See also

References

  1. ↑ Dougan 1968, p. 19.
  2. ↑ Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 4.
  3. ↑ Clarke 1997, p. vi.
  4. 1 2 Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 6.
  5. 1 2 Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 24.
  6. ↑ Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 25.
  7. 1 2 3 Dougan 1968, p. 23.
  8. 1 2 Dougan 1968, p. 21.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Dougan 1968, p. 25.
  10. 1 2 3 Dougan 1968, p. 24.
  11. ↑ Dougan 1968, p. 22.
  12. ↑ Dougan 1968, p. 28.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Woodcock 1990, p. 9.
  14. 1 2 3 Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 41.
  15. ↑ Middlebrook 1968, p. 184.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 40.
  17. ↑ Middlebrook 1968, p. 192.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 5.
  19. ↑ Burton 1994, p. 189.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 11.
  21. ↑ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 9.
  22. 1 2 Woodcock 1990, p. 11.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 30.
  24. ↑ Dougan 1968, p. 27.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Smith & Rae 1994, p. 3.
  26. ↑ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 24.
  27. 1 2 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 25.
  28. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 6.
  29. ↑ Dixon 1987, p. 36.
  30. 1 2 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 27.
  31. 1 2 3 Middlebrook 1968, p. 243.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 12.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 13.
  34. ↑ Dixon 1987, p. 72.
  35. 1 2 Burton 1994, p. 101.
  36. ↑ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 8.
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 31.
  38. 1 2 3 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 26.
  39. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 7.
  40. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 34.
  41. ↑ Smith & Rae 1999, p. 12.
  42. ↑ Smith & Rae 1999, p. 8.
  43. ↑ Middlebrook 1968, p. 244.
  44. ↑ Burton 1994, p. 152.
  45. ↑ Burton 1994, p. 64.
  46. ↑ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 15.
  47. 1 2 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 35.
  48. ↑ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 20.
  49. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 12.
  50. ↑ Smith & Rae 1999, p. 9.
  51. 1 2 Woodcock 1990, p. 13.
  52. 1 2 Smith 2007, p. 22.
  53. 1 2 3 Woodcock 1990, p. 14.
  54. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Woodcock 1990, p. 58.
  55. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 25.
  56. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 15.
  57. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 11.
  58. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 10.
  59. ↑ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 42.
  60. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 6.
  61. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 13.
  62. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 8.
  63. ↑ Chesneau 1992, p. 82.
  64. ↑ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 2.
  65. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 9.
  66. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 14.
  67. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 16.
  68. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 17.
  69. 1 2 Smith 2007, p. 64.
  70. 1 2 Woodcock 1988, p. 7.
  71. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 27.
  72. 1 2 3 4 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 34.
  73. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 18.
  74. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 20.
  75. 1 2 3 Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 49.
  76. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 19.
  77. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 21.
  78. ↑ Chesneau 1992, p. 85.
  79. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 23.
  80. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 24.
  81. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 25.
  82. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 26.
  83. ↑ Chesneau 1992, p. 92.
  84. ↑ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 50.
  85. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 43.
  86. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 39.
  87. ↑ Woodcock 1988, p. 8.
  88. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 22.
  89. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 62.
  90. 1 2 3 4 5 Smith 2007, p. 56.
  91. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Woodcock 1988, p. 10.
  92. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 27.
  93. 1 2 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 39.
  94. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 45.
  95. 1 2 3 4 Woodcock 1988, p. 12.
  96. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 29.
  97. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 28.
  98. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 30.
  99. ↑ Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 24.
  100. 1 2 Elson 1986, p. 1.
  101. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 40.
  102. ↑ Elson 1986, p. 4.
  103. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 31.
  104. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 36.
  105. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 48.
  106. 1 2 3 4 Elson 1986, p. 2.
  107. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 32.
  108. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 33.
  109. 1 2 Elson 1986, p. 20.
  110. ↑ Newcastle 1991, p. 18.
  111. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 35.
  112. ↑ Elson 1986, p. 11.
  113. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 36.
  114. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 39.
  115. 1 2 3 4 5 Smith & Rae 1994, p. 4.
  116. 1 2 Brown 1995, p. 27.
  117. 1 2 Brown 1995, p. 56.
  118. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 34.
  119. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 37.
  120. ↑ Brown 1995, p. 47.
  121. ↑ Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 61.
  122. ↑ Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 62.
  123. 1 2 Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 63.
  124. ↑ Chesneau 1992, p. 68.
  125. ↑ Chesneau 1992, p. 57.
  126. 1 2 Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 66.
  127. 1 2 Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 67.
  128. ↑ Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 69.
  129. ↑ Elson 1986, p. 13.
  130. ↑ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 184.
  131. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 39.
  132. ↑ Elson 1986, p. 3.
  133. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 43.
  134. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 40.
  135. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 41.
  136. ↑ Woodcock 1988, p. 15.
  137. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 42.
  138. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 46.
  139. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 55.
  140. ↑ Woodcock 1988, p. 16.
  141. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 52.
  142. ↑ Woodcock 1988, p. 19.
  143. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 44.
  144. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 60.
  145. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 43.
  146. 1 2 Woodcock 1990, p. 55.
  147. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 54.
  148. 1 2 3 4 Smith & Rae 1995, p. 3.
  149. ↑ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 60.
  150. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 47.
  151. ↑ Woodcock 1990, p. 6.
  152. ↑ Woodcock 1988, p. 1.
  153. ↑ Smith 2007, p. 68.
  154. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Smith & Rae 1995, p. 51.
  155. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 46.
  156. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Smith & Rae 1995, p. 53.
  157. ↑ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 48.
  158. ↑ Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 39.

Sources

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