Timeline of Luxembourg City
The following is a timeline of the history of Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.
Prior to 19th century
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- 963 - Bock rock acquired by Siegfried of Luxembourg, who begins construction of a castle.
- 987 - Church of the Redemption consecrated.
- 1120 - Church of St. Peter built.[1]
- 1320 - Saint Michael's Church built (approximate date).[2]
- 1340
- New city fortifications constructed.
- Schobermesse (tent fair) begins.[2]
- 1390 - Public clock installed (approximate date).[3]
- 1443 - Burgundians under Philip the Good conquer city.[4]
- 1554 - Lightning strikes the Franciscan church, where gunpowder barrels are stored; the ensuing explosion and fires destroy a large part of Ville Haute.
- 1563 - La Fontaine Castle construction begins.
- 1572 - New City Hall (later the Grand Ducal Palace) built in place of the one destroyed in 1554
- 1603 - Collège des Jésuites founded.
- 1606 - Neimënster Abbey built.
- 1613 - Church of Notre Dame cornerstone laid.
- 1623 - Capuchin monastery built.
- 1644 - Tunnels built.
- 1671 - Place d'Armes laid out (approximate date).
- 1684 - French in power.[1]
- 1685 - Lambert Fortress built.
- 1693 - Jean-Bernard Knepper becomes mayor.
- 1697 - Spaniards in power per Treaty of Ryswick.[1]
- 1714 - Austrians in power.[5]
- 1732 - Fort Thüngen built.
- 1779 - Saint Nicholas' Church demolished.
- 1784 - Château de Septfontaines built outside city (in Rollingergrund).
- 1794 - 22 November: Siege of Luxembourg by French forces begins.
- 1795
- 7 June: Siege of Luxembourg ends.
- City becomes préfecture of the Forêts département of the French First Republic.
- 1798 - Municipal Library active.
- 1800 - François Scheffer becomes mayor.
19th century
- 1815 - Prussians in power per Treaty of Paris.
- 1821 - Luxemburger Wochenblatt newspaper begins publication.[6]
- 1827 - Journal de la ville et du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg newspaper in publication.[6]
- 1833 - Roman Catholic diocese of Luxembourg established.[7]
- 1838 - City Hall (Hôtel de Ville) completed.[2]
- 1848 - Luxemburger Wort newspaper begins publication.
- 1850 - Society of the Natural Sciences established.
- 1855 - Pescatore Institute (charity) founded.[8]
- 1858 - Population: 13,129.[9]
- 1859 - Luxembourg railway station opens.
- 1860 - Hall of the Chamber of Deputies.
- 1861 - Viaduct built over Petrusse valley.[10]
- 1867
- Luxembourg Crisis.
- Dismantling of the fortress begins per Treaty of London.[2]
- Last Prussian garnison leaves the city.
- 1868 - Royal-Grand Ducal Institute established.
- 1872
- The Municipal Park is laid out.[8]
- Pescatore Museum opens.[11]
- 1875 - The city's first horse-drawn tramway line begins operation.
- 1882 - Casino Bourgeois opens.
- 1884 - William II monument erected in Place Guillaume II.[8]
- 1890 - City becomes part of independent Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
- 1892 - Museum of Natural History opens in Pfaffenthal.
- 1894 - Émile Mousel becomes mayor.
- 1895 - Ons Hemecht begins publication.[12][13]
20th century
- 1903 - The Adolphe Bridge is completed.[8]
- 1904 - Alphonse Munchen becomes mayor.
- 1905 - Population: 20,984.[2]
- 1906 - The Conservatoire de Luxembourg is founded.
- 1908 - The tramway network is electrified.[14]
- 1910 - The Cercle Municipal building is inaugurated.
- 1913 - Luxembourg railway station is rebuilt.
- 1914 - German occupation begins.[15]
- 1918 - German occupation ends.[16]
- 1919 - Football Club Amis des Sports Lëtzebuerg-Fëschmaart is founded.
- 1920
- The city is merged together with the neighbouring communes of Hamm, Hollerich, Eich and Rollingergrund, increasing its area from 3.55 km² to 51.52 km².[17]
- The Villa Louvigny is built.
- 1921 - Gaston Diderich becomes mayor.
- 1923 - The Gëlle Fra war memorial is erected.
- 1926 - The city's first municipal bus lines begin operation.[18]
- 1930s - Sandweiler Airport opens.
- 1933 - The Luxembourg Philharmonic Orchestra is founded.[19]
- 1940
- 10 May: German occupation begins.[16]
- 18 August: A Volksdeutsche Bewegung rally is held.[20]
- 1943: Nazi occupiers incorporate Walferdange, Strassen and parts of Hesperange into the city.[21]
- 1944
- 10 September: the city is liberated by Allied forces, ending German occupation.[16] Pre-occupation city boundaries are restored.[21]
- Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial established.[22]
- December: the city is besieged by German V-3 cannon.
- 1946 - Émile Hamilius (DP) becomes mayor.
- 1952 - European Coal and Steel Community, European Commission, and European Court of Justice headquartered in city.
- 1953 - European School of Luxembourg I established.
- 1962 - Eurovision Song Contest 1962 held.[23]
- 1964
- Paul Wilwertz (LSAP) becomes mayor.
- Municipal Theatre built.
- The last line of the tramway network ceases operation.
- 1966
- The "Héichhaus", Luxembourg's first skyscraper, is completed in Kirchberg.
- The Grand Duchess Charlotte Bridge opens, marking the start of the urbanisation of the Kirchberg plateau.
- Eurovision Song Contest 1966 held.[24]
- 1968 - The European Investment Bank headquarters relocate to Luxembourg.
- 1969 - Colette Flesch (DP) becomes mayor.
- 1973
- The National Library of Luxembourg relocates to the former Athénée building.
- The Rugby Club Luxembourg is formed.
- Eurovision Song Contest 1973 held.[25]
- 1975
- The European Court of Auditors is headquartered in city.
- The city's Cinémathèque is founded.
- 1976
- The Municipal Hospital opens.
- An explosion in Pfaffenthal, caused by the release of gasoline, kills 3, injures at least 20 and destroys or damages around 20 homes.[26]
- 1977 - The Hamilius bus terminal begins operation, alongside the country's first underground parking garage.
- 1979 - Ons Stad begins publication.
- 1980 - Camille Polfer (DP) becomes mayor.
- 1982
- Lydie Polfer (DP) becomes mayor.
- St. Peter and Paul Church consecrated.
- 1984
- The Photothèque opens.
- The Hilton Luxembourg hotel is built.
- Eurovision Song Contest 1984 held.[27]
- 1991 - BGL Luxembourg Open tennis tournament begins.
- 1993 - Am Tunnel art gallery opens.
- 1994
- Arboretum Kirchberg opens.[28]
- European Investment Fund headquartered in city.
- 1995
- City designated a European Capital of Culture.
- Den Atelier music venue opens.
- 1996
- Luxembourg City History Museum founded.
- Utopolis Kirchberg cinema multiplex (since renamed Kinepolis Kirchberg) and Casino Luxembourg open.
- 1997 - Foreign residents outnumber Luxembourgers in the city for the first time.[29]
- 1999 - Paul Helminger (DP) becomes mayor.
21st century
- 2001
- City website online (approximate date).[30]
- Lycée Aline Mayrisch established.
- 2002 - National Museum of History and Art building expands.
- 2004 - Football Club FC RM Hamm Benfica formed.
- 2005
- Philharmonie Luxembourg concert hall opens.
- Racing Football Club Union Luxembourg formed.
- 2006 - Grand Duke Jean Museum of Modern Art inaugurated.
- 2007 - The city is designated as European Capital of Culture for the second time.
- 2008
- The Judiciary City is inaugurated.
- The city's vel'oH! bikeshare system enters service.[31]
- 2010 - Villeroy & Boch porcelain factory closes.
- 2011 - Xavier Bettel becomes mayor.
- 2012 - Population: 100,000.[32]
- 2013 - Lydie Polfer becomes mayor for the second time
- 2015 - The Hamilius building complex and bus station is demolished, leading to a restructuring of the city's bus network.[33]
- 2016 - The Pfaffenthal Panoramic Elevator is inaugurated.[34]
- 2017 - Line T1 of the Luxembourg City tramway opens, alongside Pfaffenthal-Kirchberg station and the Pfaffenthal-Kirchberg funicular.
- 2019 - The National Library of Luxembourg's new site on the Kirchberg opens.
- 2020 - Public transport is made free in Luxembourg City alongside the rest of the country.
- 2021
- Population: 125,000.[35]
- The Stade de Luxembourg is inaugurated, replacing the Stade Josy Barthel as Luxembourg's national stadium.
See also
References
- 1 2 3 Murray 1838.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Britannica 1910.
- ↑ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
- ↑ Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Luxemburg (duchy)", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776
- ↑ Baedeker 1910.
- 1 2 "Quotidiens et hebdomadaires" (in French). Bibliothèque nationale de Luxembourg. Archived from the original on 17 August 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
- ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Luxembourg". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 George Renwick (1913), Luxembourg: the Grand Duchy and its People, New York: C. Scribner's Sons, OCLC 5627617, OL 24661367M
- ↑ Georg Friedrich Kolb [in German] (1862). "Deutschland: Luxemburg". Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde (in German). Leipzig: A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung.
- ↑ Cook 1921.
- ↑ Auguste Dutreux (1872). "Catalogue des objets d'art composant le Musée J. - P. Pescatore" (in French) (2nd ed.). Europeana. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
- ↑ Pé́porté 2010.
- ↑ Ons Hemecht: Organ des Vereins Luxemburger Geschichte Litteratur und Kunst. 1907.
- ↑ "Quand le tramway luxembourgeois faisait débat au Conseil communal (1873-1875)" (PDF). Ons Stad (in French). 2025. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 December 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2026.
- ↑ Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
- 1 2 3 "Luxembourg Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ↑ Philippart, Robert L. (1 May 2021). "La ville intègre sa périphérie" (PDF) (in French). p. 19. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 October 2025. Retrieved 22 February 2026.
- ↑ "De Stater Bus" (PDF). Ons Stad (in German). 2025. p. 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 December 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2026.
- ↑ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
- ↑ Willard Allen Fletcher (1970). "The German Administration in Luxemburg 1940-1942: Toward a 'De Facto' Annexation". The Historical Journal. 13.
- 1 2 Beck, Simone (2021). "Die (Nicht)- Eingemeindung von 1943" (PDF). Ons Stad (in German). p. 13. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2026. Retrieved 21 July 2026.
- ↑ American Battle Monuments Commission (1961), Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial, Washington, DC, OCLC 616684, OL 5840965M
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ "Luxembourg 1962". Eurovision Song Contest. Archived from the original on 29 April 2026. Retrieved 9 May 2026.
- ↑ "Luxembourg 1966". Eurovision Song Contest. Archived from the original on 26 April 2026. Retrieved 9 May 2026.
- ↑ "Luxembourg 1973". Eurovision Song Contest. Archived from the original on 8 April 2026. Retrieved 9 May 2026.
- ↑ "Le 30 mai 1976, une terrible explosion fait trois morts". virgule.lu (in French). 30 May 2016.
- ↑ "Luxembourg 1984". Eurovision Song Contest. Archived from the original on 24 November 2025. Retrieved 9 May 2026.
- ↑ "Garden Search: Luxembourg". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ↑ "Eine plurale Stadt im Spiegel der Sozialwissenschaften". Ons Stad (in German). 2012. p. 5.
- ↑ "Ville de Luxembourg" (in French). Archived from the original on 22 February 2001 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Vel'oh! : cinq ans déjà à Luxembourg". virgule.lu (in French). 21 March 2013.
- ↑ Roulaut, Nicolas (25 October 2012). "Matteo Nenna, 100 000e habitant de la Ville". Paperjam (in French).
- ↑ "All change for Luxembourg City's bus network". Luxembourg Times. 16 March 2015.
- ↑ "The rue du Pont-Parc Pescatore lift: A Lift with a View". chronicle.lu. 26 July 2016.
- ↑ "Luxembourg City's population reaches 125,000". Luxembourg Times. 6 February 2021.
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, and Luxembourgish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Thomas Nugent (1749), "Luxemburg", The Grand Tour, vol. 1: Netherlands, London: S. Birt, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030762598
- "Luxemburg". Gazetteer of the Netherlands. London: G.G. and J. Robinson. 1794.
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Luxemburg, a city of France", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5n87hg3d
- "Luxemburg". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822. hdl:2027/njp.32101073846667.
- "Luxemburg", Hand-Book for Travellers on the Continent (2nd ed.), London: John Murray, 1838, OCLC 2030550
- W. Pembroke Fetridge (1885), "Luxembourg", Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "Luxemburg, the capital of the grand-duchy". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7zk5ms79 – via HathiTrust.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Luxembourg", Belgium and Holland, including the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 146.
- "Luxembourg", Traveller's Handbook for Belgium and the Ardennes, London: T. Cook & Son, 1921
- Pit Pé́porté; et al. (2010), Inventing Luxembourg: representations of the past, space and language from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century, Leiden: Brill, ISBN 9789004181762, OCLC 467360786, OL 24521241M, 9004181768
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Luxembourg City.
- "Luxembourg-Ville". Collection de cartes postales (in French). Bibliothèque nationale de Luxembourg.