Timeline of autocephaly of Eastern Orthodox churches

In the Eastern Orthodox Church, a "tomos of autocephaly" grants ecclesiastical independence from a mother church.[1] As of 2025, there are 14 completely recognized autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches, with 3 partially recognized Eastern Orthodox churches.[2][3]

The "date" column is determined the most recent date with support from a Patriarch (self-declared autocephaly is not taken into consideration). The "date" column also excludes former autocephaly halted by a force, and re-granted later.

Timeline of the History of the main autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches
  Tomoi accepted by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
  Tomoi accepted by most canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
  Tomoi accepted by no canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches*

*Any tomoi once proclaimed, but no longer accepted.

4th-century

Date Granter Recipient Recognized by
325 First Council of Nicaea[4] Patriarchate of Rome Completely unrecognized after 1054
325 First Council of Nicaea Patriarchate of Alexandria Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
325 First Council of Nicaea Patriarch of Antioch Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
381 First Council of Constantinople[5] Patriarchate of Constantinople Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches[6]

5th-century

Date Granter Recipient Recognized by
431 Council of Ephesus Cypriot Orthodox Church Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
451 Council of Chalcedon Patriarchate of Jerusalem Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches

15th-century

Date Granter Recipient Recognized by
1448 Jonah of Moscow[7] Russian Orthodox Church Completely unrecognized

16th-century

Date Granter Recipient Recognized by
1589 Ecumenical Patriarch Jeremias II of Constantinople Russian Orthodox Church[8][9] Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches

19th-century

Date Granter Recipient Recognized by
29 June 1850 Ecumenical Patriarch Anthimus IV of Constantinople Church of Greece[10] Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
1879 Ecumenical Patriarch Joachim III of Constantinople Serbian Orthodox Church[11] Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
25 April 1885 Ecumenical Patriarch Jochim IV of Constantinople Romanian Orthodox Church[12] Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches

20th-century

Date Granter Recipient Recognized by
13 November 1924 Ecumenical Patriarch Gregory VII of Constantinople Polish Orthodox Church[13] Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
17 April 1937 Ecumenical Patriarch Benjamin I of Constantinople[14] Albanian Orthodox Church Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
31 October 1943 Patriarch Sergius of Moscow[15] Georgian Orthodox Church Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
1945 Patriarch Alexy I of Moscow Bulgarian Orthodox Church Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
9 December 1951 Patriarch Alexy I of Moscow Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia[16] Completely recognized by all canonical Eastern Orthodox Churches
10 April 1970 Patriarch Alexy I of Moscow Orthodox Church in America Russian Orthodox Church, Georgian Orthodox Church, Polish Orthodox Church, Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Czech and Slovakian Orthodox Church[17]

21st-century

Date Granter Recipient Recognized By
5 May 2019 Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople Orthodox Church of Ukraine[18] Patriarchate of Alexandria, Church of Greece, Ecumenical Patriarchate[19]
5 June 2022 Patriarch Porfirije of Serbia Macedonian Orthodox Church Romanian Orthodox Church, Serbian Orthodox Church, Russian Orthodox Church, Polish Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Czech and Slovakian Orthodox Church [20][21][22]

References

  1. ↑ "Regarding the granting of Autocephaly to the Church of Ukraine - Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America - Orthodox Church". Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. Retrieved 2025-03-11.
  2. ↑ "The Autocephalous Churches". CNEWA. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  3. ↑ "The Church of the Czech Republic recognized the "Autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of North Macedonia"". orthodoxtimes.com. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  4. ↑ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: First Council of Nicaea". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  5. ↑ "First Council of Constantinople 381 - Papal Encyclicals". 381. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  6. ↑ Staff, I. T. V. (2024-07-01). "The "Ancient Patriarchates"". Inside The Vatican. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  7. ↑ Casiday, Augustine (2012). The Orthodox Christian World. Routledge. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-0-415-45516-9.
  8. ↑ "Russian Orthodox Church | History & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2025-02-02. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  9. ↑ "The Origins and Authority of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of the Orthodox Church - Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America - Orthodox Church". Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  10. ↑ "Ανακήρυξις Αυτοκεφάλου της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος". users.uoa.gr. Retrieved 2025-03-11.
  11. ↑ Namee, Matthew (2022-11-11). "The Ecumenical Patriarchate and the Loss of Its 'Privileges' in the Late 19th Century". Orthodox History. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  12. ↑ "Romanian Orthodox Church | History, Beliefs & Practices | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
  13. ↑ "1924 Tomos". www.pangreek-ukrainianorthodoxarchdioceses.org. Retrieved 2025-03-11.
  14. ↑ "From 1937 Onward". Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania. 2012-08-05. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
  15. ↑ "The Orthodox Church of Georgia". CNEWA. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  16. ↑ Namee, Matthew (2022-05-24). "When Did Today's Autocephalous Churches Come into Being?". Orthodox History. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  17. ↑ Hladio, Fr. Bohdan (10 June 2020). "Construals of Autocephaly: The Metropolia, the Moscow Patriarchate, and the Orthodox Church in America" (PDF). p. 8.
  18. ↑ Shandra, Alya (2018-10-14). "Tomos ante portas: a short guide to Ukrainian church independence". Euromaidan Press. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
  19. ↑ "Patriarchate of Alexandria Officially Recognizes Ukraine Autocephaly – Ecumenical Patriarchate Permanent Delegation to the World Council of Churches". 2019-11-28. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
  20. ↑ Iftimiu, Aurelian (2023-02-13). "Clarification regarding the decision of the Holy Synod of the Romanian Patriarchate to recognise the autocephaly of the Church in North Macedonia". Basilica.ro. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
  21. ↑ "Patriarchate of Romania recognised the autochephaly the Serbs granted to the Archdiocese of Ohrid | Orthodox Times (en)". orthodoxtimes.com. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
  22. ↑ Namee, Matthew (2023-02-15). "Romania's Recognition of Macedonian Autocephaly Has Revived Chambésy". Orthodox History. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
This page is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.