Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate
	Molecular structure of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate
Names
	Systematic IUPAC name Bis(tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphanium) sulfate
	Other names Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate; THPS;
Identifiers
CAS Number	55566-30-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1549844;
ChemSpider	37846 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.054.263
EC Number	259-709-0;
PubChem CID	41478;
UNII	5I8RSL9E6S;
UN number	2922
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0021331 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2C4H12O4P.H2O4S/c25-1-9(2-6,3-7)4-8;1-5(2,3)4/h25-8H,1-4H2;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 Key: YIEDHPBKGZGLIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L;
	SMILES C(O)[P+](CO)(CO)CO.C(O)[P+](CO)(CO)CO.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-];
Properties
Chemical formula	C8H24O12P2S
Molar mass	406.28 g·mol−1
Density	1.41 g/cm3
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS) is an organic compound with the formula [P(CH₂OH)₄]₂SO₄. It is a phosphonium salt that dissolves in water to give two tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium cations and one sulfate anion.^[1] The tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium is a quaternary cation is composed of a central phosphorus(IV) atom linked to four hydroxymethyl groups.

THPS is widely used as a non-oxidizing biocide in industrial water systems. It is commonly applied in the oil and gas industry for the control of sulfate-reducing microorganisms and other microorganisms in produced water, injection water, and hydraulic fracturing fluids, where it helps mitigate microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and reservoir souring.^[2]^[3]^[4] THPS is also used in cooling towers, paper and pulp processing, and metalworking fluids to control microbial growth and biofilm formation. In addition to its biocidal properties, THPS has applications as a flame retardant treatment for textiles and as a component in water treatment formulations due to its relatively rapid degradation into less persistent byproducts compared to some alternative biocides.

References

↑ Moiseev, Dmitry V.; James, Brian R. (2020-04-02). "Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium salts: Their properties, hazards and toxicities". Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements. 195 (4): 263–279. doi:10.1080/10426507.2019.1686379. ISSN 1042-6507.
↑ McIlwaine, D. B. (2004). "Oilfield application for biocides". In Paulus, Wilfried (ed.). Directory of Microbicides for the Protection of Materials. Springer Netherlands. pp. 157–175. doi:10.1007/1-4020-2818-0_10. ISBN 978-1-4020-2817-5.
↑ Morris, Brandon E. L.; van der Kraan, Geert M. (2017-03-03). "Application of Biocides and Chemical Treatments to Both Combat Microorganisms and Reduce (Bio)Corrosion". In Skovhus, Torben Lund; Enning, Dennis; Lee, Jason S. (eds.). Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in the Upstream Oil and Gas Industry (1 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 229–253. doi:10.1201/9781315157818-11. ISBN 978-1-315-15781-8.
↑ Craddock, Henry A. (2018-07-16). Oilfield Chemistry and its Environmental Impact (1st ed.). Wiley. doi:10.1002/9781119244233. ISBN 978-1-119-24425-7.

[1] Moiseev, Dmitry V.; James, Brian R. (2020-04-02). "Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium salts: Their properties, hazards and toxicities". Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements. 195 (4): 263–279. doi:10.1080/10426507.2019.1686379. ISSN 1042-6507.

[2] McIlwaine, D. B. (2004). "Oilfield application for biocides". In Paulus, Wilfried (ed.). Directory of Microbicides for the Protection of Materials. Springer Netherlands. pp. 157–175. doi:10.1007/1-4020-2818-0_10. ISBN 978-1-4020-2817-5.

[3] Morris, Brandon E. L.; van der Kraan, Geert M. (2017-03-03). "Application of Biocides and Chemical Treatments to Both Combat Microorganisms and Reduce (Bio)Corrosion". In Skovhus, Torben Lund; Enning, Dennis; Lee, Jason S. (eds.). Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in the Upstream Oil and Gas Industry (1 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 229–253. doi:10.1201/9781315157818-11. ISBN 978-1-315-15781-8.

[4] Craddock, Henry A. (2018-07-16). Oilfield Chemistry and its Environmental Impact (1st ed.). Wiley. doi:10.1002/9781119244233. ISBN 978-1-119-24425-7.

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