Terbium(III) sulfate

Terbium(III) sulfate
Names
Other names
  • Diterbium trisulphate
  • Terbium trisulfate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.815
EC Number
  • anhydrous: 237-213-5
  • octahydrate: 634-368-4
  • anhydrous: InChI=1S/3H2O4S.2Tb/c3*1-5(2,3)4;;/h3*(H2,1,2,3,4);;/q;;;2*+3/p-6
    Key: UFPWIQQSPQSOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-H
  • octahydrate: InChI=1S/3H2O4S.8H2O.2Tb/c3*1-5(2,3)4;;;;;;;;;;/h3*(H2,1,2,3,4);8*1H2;;/q;;;;;;;;;;;2*+3/p-6
    Key: SRSFZSUHOIHUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-H
  • anhydrous: [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Tb+3].[Tb+3]
  • octahydrate: O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Tb+3].[Tb+3]
Properties[1]
Tb2(SO4)3
Molar mass 606.02 g·mol−1
Appearance colorless solid
soluble
Structure[2]
monoclinic (octahydrate)
C2/c (No. 15)
a = 13.493 Å, b = 6.714 Å, c = 18.231 Å
α = 90°, β = 102.16°, γ = 90°
1614.5 Å3
4 units per cell
Hazards
GHS labelling:[3]
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319, H335
P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Terbium(III) sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Tb2(SO4)3. It is a colorless solid, forming monoclinic crystals.

Properties

Green fluorescence of terbium sulfate under ultraviolet light

The octahydrate is isostructural with the octahydrates of praseodymium sulfate and dysprosium sulfate.[2]

It exhibits many forms of luminescence including triboluminescence,[4] chemiluminescence (such as during the thermal degradation of sodium persulfate in the presence of terbium sulfate),[5] and sonoluminescence (as a suspension in benzene, toluene, or p-xylene).[6]

Preparation

The octahydrate can be prepared by treating terbium(III,IV) oxide with sulfuric acid.[2] The anhydrous form is obtained by heating to 360 °C.[1]

Reactions

Terbium oxysulfide (Tb2O2S) is obtained by heating the hydrate under a reductive CO atmosphere at 1,033 K (760 °C; 1,400 °F).[7] If an air atmosphere is used instead, a terbium oxysulfate (Tb2O2SO4) forms at 1,323 K (1,050 °C; 1,922 °F).

Double sulfates such as sodium terbium sulfate are formed in the separation of lanthanides by fractional precipitation, a historically employed method.[8]

A hydrogensulfate sulfate (Tb(HSO4)(SO4)) has been characterized. It is prepared by solvothermal synthesis, crystallizes in the P21 space group, and exhibits second-harmonic generation.[9]

Several terbium sulfate-based solid state materials have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. For example, inorganic frameworks such as the 1D (H3O)2(C2H8N)[Tb(SO4)3] and 3D (C2H8N)9[Tb5(SO4)12]·2H2O.[10] Such compounds are of research interest due to their photoluminescent properties.

References

  1. 1 2 Perry, Dale L. (2016-04-19). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 417. ISBN 978-1-4398-1462-8.
  2. 1 2 3 Wei, D. Y.; Zheng, Y.-Q. (2003-12-01). "Crystal structure of terbium sulfate octahydrate, Tb2(SO4)3 · 8H2O, and of dysprosium sulfate octahydrate, Dy2(So4)3 · 8H20". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures (in German). 218 (JG): 23–24. doi:10.1524/ncrs.2003.218.jg.23. ISSN 2197-4578.
  3. ↑ PubChem. "Sulfuric acid, terbium(3+) salt (3:2)". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-04-11.
  4. ↑ Sharipov, G. L.; Tukhbatullin, A. A.; Abdrakhmanov, A. M. (2012-01-01). "Detection of OH radical and O atom during triboluminescence of hydrated cerium/terbium sulfates". Journal of Luminescence. 132 (1): 175–177. Bibcode:2012JLum..132..175S. doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2011.08.010. ISSN 0022-2313.
  5. ↑ Mamykin, A. A.; Mamykin, A. V.; Ostakhov, S. S.; Kazakov, V. P. (March 2010). "Chemiluminescence during thermal degradation of sodium persulfate in the presence of terbium sulfate: 2. The effect of water of crystallization". High Energy Chemistry. 44 (2): 109–112. doi:10.1134/S0018143910020049. ISSN 0018-1439.
  6. ↑ Tukhbatullin, Adis A.; Sharipov, Glyus L.; Burangulova, Narkas F.; Mustafin, Akhat G. (2019-01-01). "Luminescence of aromatic hydrocarbon molecules in the sonication of terbium sulfate suspensions". Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 50: 251–254. Bibcode:2019UltS...50..251T. doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.09.026. ISSN 1350-4177. PMID 30262233.
  7. ↑ Rodrigues, R. V.; Machado, L. C.; Matos, J. R.; Muri, E. J. B.; Marins, A. A. L.; Brito, H. F.; Passos, C. A. C. (November 2015). "Oxysulfate/oxysulfide of Tb3+ obtained by thermal decomposition of terbium sulfate hydrates under different atmospheres". Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 122 (2): 765–773. doi:10.1007/s10973-015-4786-7. ISSN 1388-6150.
  8. ↑ Moeller, Therald; Kremers, Howard E. (1945-01-01). "Observations on Rare Earths Double Sodium Sulfate Precipitation for Separation of the Terbium and Yttrium Earths". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Analytical Edition. 17 (1): 44–45. doi:10.1021/i560137a012. ISSN 0096-4484.
  9. ↑ Netzsch, Philip; Bariss, Harijs; Bayarjargal, Lkhamsuren; Höppe, Henning A. (2019-11-05). "Tb(HSO4)(SO4) – a green emitting hydrogensulfate sulfate with second harmonic generation response". Dalton Transactions. 48 (43): 16377–16383. doi:10.1039/C9DT03436F. ISSN 1477-9234. PMID 31633142.
  10. ↑ Zheng, Lei; Qiu, Xinmin; Xu, Yan; Fu, Jie; Yuan, Yan; Zhu, Dunru; Chen, Su (2011-04-07). "Second structural directing agent induces the formation of 1D organic templated terbium sulfate". CrystEngComm. 13 (7): 2714–2720. Bibcode:2011CEG....13.2714Z. doi:10.1039/C0CE00895H. ISSN 1466-8033.
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