Subashi Formation

Subashi Formation
Stratigraphic range: Campanian-Maastrichtian ~
Type	Geological formation
Overlies	Unconformity with Kumtax Formation
Lithology
Primary	Red or variegated sandstone
Other	Mudstone
Location
Coordinates	43.1°N 91.8°E / 43.1; 91.8
Approximate paleocoordinates	39.6°N 82.8°E / 39.6; 82.8
Region	Xinjiang
Country	China
Extent	Turpan Basin
Type section
Named by	Dong Zhiming
Year defined	1977
Subashi Formation (Bayingolin)

The Subashi Formation (Chinese: 苏巴什组) is a Late Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian) formation from the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of western China. Initially described by Dong Zhiming in 1977, the formation contains remains of Tarbosaurus which were initially described as a separate taxon Shanshanosaurus huoyanshanensis. Remains of a sauropod, likely Nemegtosaurus, and a hadrosaurid, likely Jaxartosaurus, have also been found.

The formation is located in the Flaming Mountains region of Xinjiang, north of the Turpan Depression. It is not far from Lianmuqin Town of Shanshan County, and is presumably named after the village of Subashi (42°55′11″N 89°44′36″E), which is located some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the west of Lianmuqin, in Tuyugou Township (吐峪沟乡).

Fossil content

The following fossils were reported from the formation:

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Dinosaurs

Ornithischians

Ornithischians of the Subashi Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Euoplocephalus	E. tutus	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian		A ankylosaurin ankylosaurine
Jaxartosaurus	J. fuyunensis	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian		A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid

Sauropods

Sauropods of the Subashi Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Nemegtosaurus	N. pachi	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian	Teeth	A nemegtosaurid titanosaur
Titanosauridae Indet.	Indeterminate	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian		A titanosaurid lithostrotian

Theropods

Theropods of the Subashi Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Coelurosauria Indet.	Indeterminate	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian		A coelurosaurian theropod
Tarbosaurus	T. baatar	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian		A giant tyrannosaurin tyrannosaurine

Turtles

Turtles of the Subashi Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Gravemys	G. hutchisoni	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian		A lindholmemydid turtle

Oofossils

Oofossils of the Subashi Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Ovaloolithus	O. turpanensis	Shanshan County, Xinjiang, China	Campanian to Maastrichtian		Likely laid by hadrosaurs or other ornithopods

See also

• Subashi (lost city)

References

Bibliography

• Xi, D.; Wan, X.; Li, G.; Li, G. (2018), "Cretaceous integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China", Science China Earth Sciences, 61: 1–31, doi:10.1007/s11430-017-9262-y
• Zhang, S.-K.; Wang, Q. (2010), "A new species of ovaloolithids from Turpan Basin in Xinjiang, China", Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 48: 71–75
• Glut, Donald F (2001), Dinosaurs, the encyclopedia: Supplement, Volume 1, McFarland & Co., p. 497, ISBN 078641166X
• Dong, Z (1997), On a large claw of sauropod from the Upper Cretaceous in the Turpan Basin, Xinjiang, China. In Z. Dong (ed.), Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp. 111–112
• Dauphin, Y (1994), "Comparaison des microstructures et de la composition chimique de coquilles d'oeufs fossiles du Sud de la France, de quelques specimens d'Asie et d'oiseaux actuels", Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 194: 55–71, doi:10.1127/njgpa/194/1994/55
• Shen, Y.-b.; Mateer, N. J. (1992), An outline of the Cretaceous System in northern Xinjiang, western China. In N. J. Mateer, P.-j. Chen (eds.), Aspects of Nonmarine Cretaceous Geology China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp. 50–77
• Zhai, R.-j.; Zheng, J.-j.; Tong, Y.-s. (1978), "Stratigraphy of the mammal-bearing Tertiary of the Turfan Basin, Sinkiang", Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang. III. Permian and Triassic Vertebrate Fossils of Dzungaria Basin and Tertiary Stratigraphy and Mammalian Fossils of Turfan Basin, 13: 68–81
• Dong, Z (1977), "On the dinosaurian remains from Turpan, Xinjiang", Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 15: 59–66
• Yeh, H (1974), "A new fossil dermatemydid from Sinkiang", Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 12: 257–261
• Young, C.-C (1965), "Fossil eggs from Nanshiung, Kwangtung and Kanchou, Kiangsi", Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 9: 141–170