Black Sea sprat
| Black Sea sprat | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Division: | Teleostei |
| Order: | Clupeiformes |
| Family: | Ehiravidae |
| Genus: | Clupeonella |
| Species: | C. cultriventris |
| Binomial name | |
| Clupeonella cultriventris | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The Black Sea sprat or Pontic sprat,[1] Clupeonella cultriventris, is a small fish of the herring family, Clupeidae. It is found in the Black Sea and Sea of Azov and rivers of its basins: Danube, Dnister, Dnipro (Ukraine), Southern Bug, Don, Kuban. It has white-grey flesh and silver-grey scales. A typical size is 10 cm (3.9 in), maximum 15 cm (5.9 in).[4] The life span is up to 5 years.[4] The peak of its spawning is in April and it can be found in enormous shoals in sea-shores, filled all-round coastal shallows, moving quickly back into the sea at a depth of 6–30 metres (20–98 ft). Used for food; it has around 12% fat in flesh.
It is one of the most abundant fishes in the Sea of Azov. It is important prey for other fishes, particularly the pikeperch.[5]
The Clupeonella cultiventris has become a naturalized and often dominant species in the pelagic zones of the Volga and Kama River reservoirs. It exhibits long-term (6–8 year) population cycles, particularly in the Upper Volga. The northernmost point of its self-sustaining population in the Volga-Kama region is the Sheksna Reservoir, with single mature individuals occasionally recorded even further north in Lake Beloye.[6]
The Caspian tyulka Clupeonella caspia has been long considered a subspecies of C. cultriventris, C. cultriventris caspia, and a common name "Black and Caspian Sea sprat" was then applied to the whole.[7][4]
In Odesa cuisine, the sprats are battered and fried to produce sprat cutlets.
- Sprat cutlets
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See also
References
- 1 2 Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. (2008). "Clupeonella cultriventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008 e.T4987A11107179. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T4987A11107179.en. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
- ↑ Nordmann, A. von. 1840. Observations sur la fauna pontique. In: A. de Démidoff. Voyage dans la Russie méridionale et la Crimée. Vol. III: 353–635. Paris.
- ↑ "Fisheries and Aquaculture - Global Production". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved 6 May 2024.
- 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Clupeonella cultriventris". FishBase. August 2014 version.
- ↑ Рыбы вод Украины Тюлька черноморско-азовская (Clupeonella cultriventris (Nordmann, 1840)) fish.kiev.ua
- ↑ Karabanov, D. P.; Gerasimov, Yu. V.; Pavlov, D. D.; Kodukhova, Yu. V.; Kotov, A. A. (2026). "Alien Fish Species in Volga and Kama Rivers: Species Composition, Identification Peculiarities and Dispersal Patterns". Inland Water Biology. 19 (2): 424–451. doi:10.1134/S199508292660047X.
- ↑ C. cultriventris (Nordmann,1840) - черноморско-каспийская тюлька Archived 12 September 2014 at the Wayback Machine Позвоночные животные России. sevin.ru
External links
Media related to Clupeonella cultriventris at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Clupeonella cultriventris at Wikispecies