Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. praetermissa

Southern marsh orchid
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Genus: Dactylorhiza
Species:
D. majalis
Subspecies:
D. m. subsp. praetermissa
Trinomial name
Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. praetermissa
(Druce) D.M.Moore & Soó (1978)
Synonyms[1][2]
Synonyms list
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa (Druce) Verm.
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. cuspidata Deinum ex Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. elata Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. junialis (Verm.) Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. longifolia Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. macrantha (Sipkes) Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. parvifructa Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. tenera Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorchis praetermissa var. triangularis Verm. (1949)
    • Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. praetermissa (Druce) H.Sund.
    • Dactylorhiza integrata (E.G. Camus ex Fourcy) Aver.
    • Dactylorhiza majalis var. junialis (Verm.) Senghas
    • Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. praetermissa (Druce) D.M. Moore & Soó
    • Dactylorhiza majalis var. praetermissa (Druce) R.M. Bateman & Denholm (1983)
    • Dactylorhiza majalis var. macrantha (Sipkes) R.M. Bateman & Denholm
    • Dactylorhiza pardalina (Pugsley) Aver.
    • Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó (1962)
    • Dactylorhiza praetermissa f. junialis (Verm.) P.D.Sell
    • Dactylorhiza praetermissa var. junialis (Verm.) Senghas
    • Dactylorhiza praetermissa var. maculosa D. Tyteca & Gathoye
    • Dactylorhiza praetermissa ssp. integrata (E.G. Camus ex Fourcy) Soó
    • Dactylorhiza praetermissa var. integrata (E.G. Camus ex Fourcy) D.Tyteca & Gathoye
    • Dactylorhiza wirtgenii (Höppner) Soó
    • Orchis incarnata var. integrata E.G. Camus ex Fourcy
    • Orchis latifolia var. junialis Verm.
    • Orchis pardalina Pugsley
    • Orchis praetermissa Druce (basionym)
    • Orchis praetermissa var. macrantha Sipkes
    • Orchis wirtgenii Höppner

Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. praetermissa, the southern marsh orchid[3] or leopard marsh orchid, is a commonly occurring species of European orchid. Some authorities consider it a separate species, Dactylorhiza praetermissa.[4][5]

Description

Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. praetermissa grows to 70 cm (28 in) tall, with leaves generally unspotted. The flowers, appearing from May to July, are various shades of pink with variable markings. The basal lip of the flower is rounded.[6]

This species is able to form hybrids with other Dactylorhiza species, and crosses with Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. fuchsii occur especially often.[7]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to northern and central Europe (Britain, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Estonia and Latvia). It is also reportedly naturalized in Italy and in parts of Canada (Ontario and Newfoundland).[1][8]

This species is found close to water, in damp calcareous or neutral meadows, fens, by ponds, lakes, or reservoirs, and in dune slacks.[4]

Ecology

The flowers of this species are pollinated by insects including the cuckoo bee and skipper butterfly.[9]

Dactylorhiza are known to be mycorrhizal generalists.[10] D. m. subsp. praetermissa has been shown to benefit from association with fungal species in the genus Rhizoctonia and others in the Tulasnellaceae family.[11][12]

References

  1. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ↑ "Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. praetermissa (Druce) D.M.Moore & Soó". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
  3. ↑ David Chapman (2008). Exploring the Cornish Coast. Penzance: Alison Hodge. p. 51. ISBN 9780906720561.
  4. 1 2 Stroh, P. A.; Humphrey, T. A.; Burkmar, R. J.; Pescott, O. L.; Roy, D. B.; Walker, K. J. (eds.). "Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó in BSBI Online Plant Atlas 2020". BSBI. Retrieved 30 May 2026.
  5. ↑ Hedrén, Mikael; Nordström, Sofie; Bateman, Richard M. (September 2010). "Plastid and nuclear DNA marker data support the recognition of four tetraploid marsh orchids (Dactylorhiza majalis s.l., Orchidaceae) in Britain and Ireland, but require their recircumscription". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 104 (1): 107–128.
  6. ↑ First Nature - Dactylorhiza praetermissa
  7. ↑ First Nature - Dactylorhiza praetermissa
  8. ↑ Nonis, U. (2012). Presenza di Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó in Carnia e in Cadore (Italia nord-orientale). GIROS Notizie 50: 57-59.
  9. ↑ Biohorizons - An investigation to determine variation in marsh orchid (Dactylorhiza) populations at Moses Gate Country Park, Bolton
  10. ↑ New Phytologist - What constrains the distribution of orchid populations?
  11. ↑ New Phytologist - Physiology and Ecology of Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi with Reference to Seedling Nutrition
  12. ↑ PLoS One - Variation in Mycorrhizal Associations with Tulasnelloid Fungi Among Populations of Five Dactylorhiza Species
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