The Solimoes Formation is a geologic formation located in the states of Acre and Amazonas in northwest Brazil. It preserves many fossils dating to the Miocene epoch of the Neogene period.
Description
The Solimoes Formation is situated in the Acre Basin, a sedimentary basin formed by Andean tectonic events that occurred along the west margin of South America in the Neogene.[1] It is traditionally dated to the Late Miocene by biostratigraphy and zircon geochronology.[1] The formation is mostly consists of mudstones, siltstones and muddy sandstones, deposited under fluvio-lacustrine settings.[1]
Paleofauna
A diverse fauna of vertebrates have been discovered from the Solimoes Formation. The following vertebrates have been discovered. [2]
Mammalia
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Color key
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Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited. |
Primates
| Taxon |
Species |
Location |
Stratigraphic position |
Material |
Notes |
Images |
| Acrecebus |
A. fraileyi |
Rio Acre, Patos and Cachoeria do Bandeira |
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A cebid monkey |
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| Solimoea |
S. acrensis |
Rio Acre, Patos and Cachoeria do Bandeira |
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An ateline monkey |
| cf. Stirtonia (mammal) [3] |
S. sp. |
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An ateline monkey |
| Parabrachyteles |
P. vesperus |
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An ateline monkey |
| Migmacebus.[4] |
M. juruaensis |
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A cebid monkey |
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Notoungulates
| Taxon |
Species |
Location |
Stratigraphic position |
Material |
Notes |
Images |
| Abothrodon |
A. pricei |
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A haplodontheriidae |
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| Gyrinodon |
G. quassus |
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A toxodont |
| Haplodontherium |
H. wildei |
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A haplodontheriidae |
| Mesenodon |
M. juruaenisis |
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A toxodont |
| Mesotoxodon |
M. pricei |
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A haplodontheriidae |
| Minitoxodon |
M. acrensis |
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A toxodont |
| Neotrigodon |
N. utoquineae |
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A haplodontheriidae |
| Neotoxodon |
N. pascuali |
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A toxodont |
| Plesiotoxodon |
P. amazonensis |
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A toxodont |
| Purperia |
P. cribatidens |
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A Leontiniid |
| Toxodon |
T. sp |
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A toxodont |
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| Trigodon |
T. sp |
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A large horned toxodont.[5] |
| Trigodonops |
T. lopesi |
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A haplodontheriidae |
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Aves
| Taxon |
Species |
Location |
Stratigraphic position |
Material |
Notes |
Images |
| Anhinga |
A. fraileyi |
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| A. grandis |
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| A. minuta |
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| Phorusrhacidae indet. |
Indeterminate |
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A large indeterminate phorusrhacid.[7][8] |
| Macranhinga |
M. ranzii |
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A large relative of the Anahinga.[1] |
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Fish
| Taxon |
Species |
Location |
Stratigraphic position |
Material |
Notes |
Images |
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Muniz, Fellipe P.; Bissaro-JúNior, Marcos CéSar; Guilherme, Edson; De Souza Filho, Jonas Pereira; Negri, Francisco Ricardo; Hsiou, Annie S. (2021-08-31). "Vertebrate Taphonomy of Two Upper Miocene Bonebeds in Western Proto-Amazonia (Solimões Formation, Brazil): Insights From Macrovertebrate and Microvertebrate Fossils". Palaios. 36 (8): 269–282. doi:10.2110/palo.2021.020. ISSN 0883-1351.
- ↑ https://www.scielo.br/j/aabc/a/3QxzHLsNN3pWMMF6G3LGXVP/?lang=en
- ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7247296_New_platyrrhine_monkeys_from_the_Solimoes_Formation_late_Miocene_Acre_State_Brazil
- ↑ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10914-026-09829-z
- ↑ Cozzuol, Mario Alberto (2006-07-01). "The Acre vertebrate fauna: Age, diversity, and geography". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 21 (3): 185–203. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2006.03.005. ISSN 0895-9811.
- ↑ Bona, Paula; Degrange, Federico J.; Fernández, Marta S. (February 2013). "Skull Anatomy of the Bizarre Crocodylian Mourasuchus nativus (Alligatoridae, Caimaninae)". The Anatomical Record. 296 (2): 227–239. doi:10.1002/ar.22625. hdl:11336/24984. ISSN 1932-8486.
- ↑ Ferigolo, Jorge (1999). "Anatomia craniana de Neoepiblema ambrosettianus (Ameghino 1889) (rodentia, Caviomorpha, Neoepiblemidae) do Mioceno-Pleioceno do estado do Acre, Brasil, e revisão das espécies do gênero".
- ↑ Yumpu.com. "sistemática y filogenia de las aves fororracoideas (gruiformes ..." yumpu.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-05-03.
