Skin disinfection

Skin disinfection is a process that involves the application of a disinfectant to reduce levels of microorganisms on the skin.[1] Disinfecting the skin of the patient and the hands of the healthcare providers are an important part of surgery.[1]

Skin disinfection may be accomplished with a number of solutions including povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, alcohol based solutions, and cetrimide.[2] There is strong evidence that chlorhexidine and denatured alcohol use to clean skin prior to surgery is better than any other commercially available antiseptic, such as povidone-iodine with alcohol.[3][4]. Moreover, there appears to be a dose-response relationship whereby the concentration of CHX or PVI is related to the risk of infection.[5]

Its importance in health care was determined by Semmelweis in the 1840s.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 Krettek C, Aschemann D (2006). Positioning Techniques in Surgical Applications. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 10. ISBN 978-3-540-30952-9.
  2. ↑ British national formulary: BNF 69 (69 ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. p. 839. ISBN 978-0-85711-156-2.
  3. ↑ Wade RG, Bourke G, Wormald JC, Totty JP, Stanley GH, Lewandowski A, et al. (9 November 2021). "Chlorhexidine versus povidone–iodine skin antisepsis before upper limb surgery (CIPHUR): an international multicentre prospective cohort study". BJS Open. 5 (6) zrab117. doi:10.1093/bjsopen/zrab117. PMC 8677347. PMID 34915557.
  4. ↑ Wade RG, Burr NE, McCauley G, Bourke G, Efthimiou O (December 2021). "The Comparative Efficacy of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-iodine Antiseptics for the Prevention of Infection in Clean Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis". Annals of Surgery. 274 (6): e481–e488. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000004076. PMID 32773627.
  5. ↑ McMillan AT, Pedder H, Glover HO, Wade R (19 April 2026). "A Dose-Response Network Meta-Analysis of Chlorhexidine and Povidone-Iodine Skin Antiseptics for the Prevention of Infection in Clean Surgery". SSRN 6580791.
  6. ↑ Maibach HI, Aly R (2012). Skin Microbiology: Relevance to Clinical Infection. Springer Science & Business Media. p. Part two. ISBN 978-1-4612-5868-1.
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