Sir Thomas Liddell, 1st Baronet

Captain Sir Thomas Liddell, 1st Baronet (1578 – 1652) was an English cavalier politician of the Liddell family of the North of England during the 16th and 17th centuries.

Family

Liddell, who was born in 1578,[1] was the son of Thomas Liddell (d. 1619) and the same's wife Margaret Watson, who was daughter of John Watson Alderman of Newcastle.[2]

His father Thomas (d. 1619), who was a merchant of corn and coal, bought Ravensworth Castle in 1607 after he had served as Sheriff of Newcastle in 1592-93 and as Mayor of Newcastle in 1597 and 1609.[3]

His paternal grandfather Thomas Liddell of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (d. 1577) was a merchant adventurer who also had served as Sheriff of Newcastle, in 1563-64, and as Mayor of Newcastle, in 1572–3.

Politics and the Civil War

Ravensworth Castle, now derelict
The Eve of the Battle of Edgehill by Charles Landseer, 1845. Liddell supplied horses to the royalist army for the Battle of Edgehill, at which he fought for Charles I, who afterwards created him a baronet.

Liddell was a Catholic Recusant[4] who succeeded to Ravensworth Castle in 1615, and who also owned the Redheugh estate in County Durham.[4] He was admitted to Gray's Inn on 15 March 1620.[5]

Liddell served as Sheriff of Newcastle in 1609 and Mayor in 1625,[4][6] 1634,[1] and 1636.[6][7] He was in April 1640 elected Member of Parliament for Newcastle-upon-Tyne in the Short Parliament.[1][8] He was created a baronet on 2 November 1642.[5][9]

He served as a trained band Captain before he was commissioned into the royalist army in August 1642 and served as a Commissioner of Array. He smuggled arms to the royalist army and attempted to disenfranchise Parliamentarian sympathizers amongst the aldermen of Newcastle.[1]

He fought at the Battle of Edgehill, for which he supplied horses to the royalist army,[10] and was in the royalist garrison at Newcastle during the Siege of Newcastle. He wrote the intransigent replies that the Parliamentarian army received in reply to their demands for the surrender of the royalist garrison.[11] He was taken prisoner by the Parliamentarian army when they defeated that royalist garrison in 1644.

He was, in London in 1646,[1] fined £4,000[5] as 'one of the most notorious delinquents in the country',[12] but was released during the same year on the condition that he pay a fine, which he during 1652 unsuccessfully attempted to dishonestly convince the Parliamentarian government that he had paid to Sir Arthur Haselrig, 2nd Baronet, when he had not done so.[13][1]

Issue

In 1596, Liddell married Isabel Anderson, who was daughter of Henry Anderson of Haswell, by whom he had 14 children, most of whom, including his eldest son Thomas, predeceased him.[14]

He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his grandson Sir Thomas Liddell, 2nd Baronet,[5] who was an infantry colonel of the Parliamentarian regime in 1659,[1] and who married a daughter of the Parliamentarian Sir Henry Vane the Younger.

Sir Francis Liddell (1607–1680)

The second son of Sir Thomas, Francis, was a Major in the royalist army during the English Civil War.[4] Francis was knighted by Charles I in 1643[15] and styled Sir Francis Liddell of Bamburgh Castle and Redheugh.[4] Sir Francis gave evidence against the future regicide John Blakiston in 1636 and served as Sheriff of Newcastle in 1640. He was fined after the defeat of the Royalist cause in 1649.[16] He served the restored monarchy as Governor of the Hostmen in 1665 and as Mayor of Newcastle in 1666.[4]

Descendants

Sir Francis married firstly Elizabeth Tonge (d.1643), daughter of Sir George Tonge (d.1639) of Thickley and Denton, County Durham, who was the great-grandson of Henry Clifford, 10th Baron de Clifford. Sir Francis and Elizabeth Tonge had 11 children.[17]

Sir Francis (b.1607) married secondly, as her third husband, Agnes Chaytor (d.1669), who was the daughter of Sir William Chaytor of Croft (d.1640).[18][19][20][21] Agnes Chaytor was a descendant, through the House of Clervaux and the House of Percy, of Edward III and Charlemagne.[19] Agnes Chaytor had previously been married twice, first to Nicholas Forster (d.1636) of Bamburgh Castle, and second to a man surnamed Dawson, of Ripon.[17][21][22][23] The son of Agnes Chaytor/Forster by Sir Francis Liddell (b.1607), who was also called Francis (1633 - 1702), married the daughter of Agnes Chaytor by Nicholas Forster, Frances or Francisca (d.1675).[17][24][25]

Fenwick Inheritors of Estate

Sir Francis and Agnes Chaytor also had a daughter, Agnes Mary, who married The Rev. Edward Fenwick, who succeeded his relation Ralph Fenwick as Vicar of Stamfordham, Northumberland,[19][26] and who was a grandson of Sir John Fenwick, 1st Baronet.[17][19][27][28] The Fenwicks were a distinguished clergy family from Northumberland.[29]

Edward Fenwick Vicar of Stamfordham's estate at Redheugh, which he inherited from his wife's father Sir Francis Liddell, was sequestrated because he had supported his kinsman James Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Derwentwater, during the 1715 Jacobite Rising.[26] His eldest son Ambrose[19] succeeded him as Vicar of Stamfordham but died childless during 1732.[26] His younger son Edward (the second), who became Vicar of Kirkwhelpington[19] during 1720 and died during 1734, was the father of Martha Fenwick, who married William Scott of Stokoe,[29] and was the great-grandfather of John Fenwick F. S. A.. (b. 1787).[26]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Newman, Peter Robert (1978). The Royalist Army in Northern England, 1642 - 45: Volume 2, Appendices. University of York. p. 378.
  2. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 268.
  3. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 268.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Newman, Peter Robert (1978). The Royalist Army in Northern England, 1642 - 45: Volume 2, Appendices. University of York. pp. 201–202.
  5. 1 2 3 4 George Edward Cokayne Complete Baronetage, Volume 2
  6. 1 2 "Mayors and Lord Mayors of Newcastle-upon-Tyne". Retrieved 3 November 2016.
  7. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 268.
  8. ↑ Willis, Browne (1750). Notitia Parliamentaria, Part II: A Series or Lists of the Representatives in the several Parliaments held from the Reformation 1541, to the Restoration 1660 ... London. pp. 229–239.
  9. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 268.
  10. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 278.
  11. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 269.
  12. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 18.
  13. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 274.
  14. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. pp. 268–269.
  15. ↑ Local Collections; Or, Records of Remarkable Events, Connected with the Borough of Gateshead, 1840, Volume 2. William Douglas, Gateshead. 1841. p. 6.
  16. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 79.
  17. 1 2 3 4 Hylton Longstaffe, W (1852). The House of Clervaux, Its Descents and Alliances. G. Bouchier Richardson, Newcastle upon Tyne. pp. Descendants of Agnes Chaytor, heiress of the first line of Chaytor of Croft.
  18. ↑ Hylton Longstaffe, W (1852). The House of Clervaux, Its Descents and Alliances. G. Bouchier Richardson, Newcastle upon Tyne.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Burke, John (1852). A Visitation of the Seats and Arms of the Noblemen and Gentlemen of Great Britain, Volume 1. Colburn & Co, London. p. 60 in ‘A Visitation of Arms’.
  20. ↑ Burke, John (1848–1851). The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, With Their Descendants, Sovereigns and Subjects. Vol. II. E. Churton, London. p. Pedigree CXL, John Fenwick, Esq.
  21. 1 2 Burke, John (1837). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry; Or, Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland. Henry Colburn. p. 141.
  22. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 268.
  23. ↑ Burke, John (1835). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank: But Uninvested with Heritable Honours, Volume 2. Henry Colburn, London. p. 141.
  24. ↑ A History of Northumberland, The Northumberland County History Committee. Andrew Reid, Sons, and Co, London. 1893. pp. 156–57, Pedigree of Forster of Bamburgh.
  25. ↑ Records of the Committees for Compounding, etc., with Delinquent Royalists in Durham and Northumberland during the Civil War, etc., 1643 - 1660. Andrews & Co, Durham; Whittaker & Co, Paternoster Square; Bernard Quaritch, Piccadilly; Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, all for the Surtees Society. 1905. p. 268.
  26. 1 2 3 4 'Men of Mark 'Twixt Tyne and Tweed', The Monthly Chronicle of North Country Lore and Legend. January 1891. p. 11.
  27. ↑ Hutchinson, William (1787). The History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham, Volume 2. S. Hodgson and Robinsons, Durham. p. Footnote to p419: ‘By the Will of Sir Tho. Liddell…’.
  28. ↑ Raine, James (1852). The History and Antiquities of North Durham, History and Pedigree of Forster Family. John Bowyer Nichols & Son, London. pp. 306–310.
  29. 1 2 Scott, William (1827). The Pedigree of Scott of Stokoe, in the Parish of Symondburn, and County of Northumberland, and Late of Toderick, Selkirkshire, North Britain. Walker & Grieg, Edinburgh. p. 20.
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