Santanu Bhattacharya (data scientist)

Santanu Bhattacharya
Born
Northeast India
CitizenshipAmerican
Alma materIIT Bombay
MIT Sloan
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
University of Maryland
OccupationsScientist at Camera Culture Group MIT Media Lab
Visiting professor at Indian Institute of Science

Santanu Bhattacharya is an American data scientist. Currently, at the Camera Culture Group, MIT Media Lab.[1] He is a serial entrepreneur and has worked for NASA and Facebook in the past.[2] He has been a C-level executive at Fortune1000 corporations such as Airtel and Facebook and is a former visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Science.

Early life

Santanu was born in the remote sub-Himalayan part of Northeast India.[3] After graduating high-school, he studied at Indian Institute of Technology Bombay before moving to the United States for graduate school.[4]

Career

Santanu received his PhD from University of Maryland, College Park and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center where he conducted pathbreaking research on a new class of superconducting infrared detectors.[5][6]

Following his doctorate, Bhattacharya pursued an entrepreneurial and industrial path in data and automation. Following his entrepreneurial debut at OriginLab, based in Northampton, Massachusetts he led Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) product development at Beckman Instruments (now Beckman Coulter) and subsequently joined A.T. Kearney, the renowned management consulting firm, in New York, working with clients such as Gillette, Pepsi, BMW and Goldman Sachs.

In 2004 he joined America Online (AOL), where he served as Founding Director of the Analytics Solution Centre, a global team building technologies around AOL’s contextual and behavioural advertising targeting platforms.[7] In 2008, he co-founded Salorix, a Silicon Valley–based startup [8] whose product Amplfy enabled global brands to analyse real-time social conversations and identify effective audience segments.[9]

In 2014, he joined Facebook where he focused on emerging market products and advertising strategy across approximately 300–350 million users in 79 countries.[10] From 2015 to 2017, he was Senior Vice President, Technology and Products at Delhivery, India’s largest third-party eCommerce logistics company, which completed a $4 billion IPO in 2022.[11] In 2018, he was appointed as the Chief Data Scientist of Airtel, world’s second largest telco with 450 million subscribers in 18 countries.[12]

From December 2021 to December 2023, he served as Chief Technologist, Data and Platforms at NatWest Group (UK), overseeing data assets and products for the bank's 2,200-person worldwide engineering team. [13][14]

"India Class" data problems

During his tenure at Facebook, and subsequently at Delhivery, Bhattacharya developed a framework for technology challenges specific to large emerging economies, which he termed "India Class" problems: challenges arising at the intersection of large volumes of unstructured private data, nascent consumer behaviour, expectations of free digital services, and limited public data infrastructure. A defining example is address disambiguation in India, where 80% of addresses are written relative to a landmark rather than a formal street address, making geolocation unreliable for logistics, emergency services and eCommerce. He presented this framework at the 2020 World Economic Forum in Davos,[15] and his address disambiguation work at Delhivery was independently reported by Le Monde[16] and The Economist.[17]

Healthcare AI

Bhattacharya is a co-founder and Chief Scientist of Serent.AI, a New York based healthcare AI company developing AI systems for ICD-10 medical coding and OASIS clinical documentation review for home health agencies, with the goal of reducing administrative burden and improving reimbursement accuracy in the home health sector.[18]

He was appointed as a member of the COVID-19 Mobility Data Network at Harvard University, which provided daily updates to state and local decision-makers on the effectiveness of social distancing interventions, combining infectious disease epidemiology with aggregated mobility data from technology companies.[19] Research on mobility data analysis and its public health applications was published in a 2021 survey co-authored with collaborators across multiple institutions. [20]

With the rise of Agentic AI systems and growing focus on AI safety in recent times, Bhattacharya has conducted research on deployment coverage risk in machine learning [21] and pre-deployment reliability auditing in Agentic AI.[22]

Networked Agents and Decentralized AI (NANDA)

Bhattacharya is working on Agentic AI and Project Nanda.[23] NANDA is a large-scale research project conceived at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to construct the underlying infrastructure of a completely decentralized network of self-governing AI agents.[24] Technically, NANDA is based on the work that protocols like Anthropic's Model Context Protocol (MCP) and Google's Agent-to-Agent (A2A) framework have established. Its design incorporates a decentralized registry infrastructure that is a type of DNS for AI agents, enabling them to be found within dispersed environments. Agent communication is regulated through sophisticated agent-to-agent protocols that enable real-time discovery, and the sharing of knowledge within intricate networks.[25]

Large Population Models

Santanu is working on Large Population Models. These are complex AI-Powered simulations that can replicate the behavior as well as interactions between large-scale populations. They can combine real-world multi-scale data to execute the simulations at high speed. It can also distribute computation over personal devices for real-time feedback which in turn also preserves privacy. Built at MIT Media Lab, LPMs allows for the prediction of systemic risks and actionable insights across diverse domains such as pandemic response, food security, and climate resilience.[26]

Project Iceberg

Santanu is collaborating on Project Iceberg which is a research effort initiated in 2024 to estimate and dissect the economic effects of agentic artificial intelligence (AI), specifically within the context of the new Model Context Protocol (MCP). The project formally introduces the Iceberg Index, the very first quantitative measure proposed to ascertain economic vulnerability to AI automatability supported by MCP-assisted systems.[27] The project is organized around three anchoring pillars-capture, analyze and compute. Researchers charted more than 171 million employees and 32,000+ individual skills, across 923 occupations that account for about  $9.4 trillion worth of annual labor value. Along with it, tracking of more than 13,000 MCP servers in real-time using MIT's NANDA Registry was done. Creation of custom algorithms to match MCP server abilities with occupations and skill sets was then completed and functional overlap between AI agents and human job demand was evaluated.[28]

References

  1. ↑ "Economic Impact of Discoverability of Localities and Addresses in India". Emerging Worlds. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  2. ↑ "Airtel hires former Facebook & Delhivery exec Santanu Bhattacharya as chief data scientist". The Economic Times. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  3. ↑ Fok, Evelyn. "Delhivery will eventually be a data company with significant business in logistics: Santanu Bhattacharya". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  4. ↑ "Airtel eyes AI and Machine Learning: Appoints Santanu Bhattacharya as Chief Data Scientist". Tech Observer. 5 April 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  5. ↑ "Santanu Bhattacharya Google Scholar". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
  6. ↑ Bhattacharya, Santanu (1994). Low Frequency Optical Response in High-Temperature Superconductors (Thesis). Bibcode:1994PhDT.......203B.
  7. ↑ Ribeiro, John (2 April 2004). "AOL sets up software center in India". InfoWorld. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  8. ↑ "Social Media Marketing Startup Salorix Lands $3.5M Series A". TechCrunch. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  9. ↑ "Salorix Launches Amplfy 2.0 To Help Brands Find The Most Relevant Social Media Conversations". TechCrunch. 14 December 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  10. ↑ Marshall, Jack (2 July 2014). "Facebook's New Ad Effort Focuses on Emerging Markets". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  11. ↑ Fok, Evelyn. "Delhivery hires Facebook's Santanu Bhattacharya as data sciences head". The Economic Times. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  12. ↑ IANS (5 April 2018). "Airtel appoints Santanu Bhattacharya as its Chief Data Scientist". Business Standard India. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
  13. ↑ "Santanu Bhattacharya is a data scientist, business leader and academic and has worked with leading tech companies including Airtel, Facebook, and America Online (AOL). He received his Ph.D. in… | NatWest Group | 33 comments". LinkedIn. Retrieved 21 June 2026.
  14. ↑ "Speaker Details: EmTech MIT 2025". event.technologyreview.com. Retrieved 21 June 2026.
  15. ↑ "Transformative Tech in the Emerging World | Santanu Bhattacharya | Davos 2020". YouTube. 24 March 2020.
  16. ↑ Bouissou, Julien (7 October 2016). "En Inde, le cauchemar du dernier kilomètre". Le Monde (in French). ISSN 1950-6244. Retrieved 21 July 2026.
  17. ↑ "The real reason Indians are lost". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 21 July 2026.
  18. ↑ "Person Overview ‹ Santanu Bhattacharya". MIT Media Lab. Retrieved 21 July 2026.
  19. ↑ "Announcing the COVID-19 Mobility Data Network • The Lakshmi Mittal and Family South Asia Institute". The Lakshmi Mittal and Family South Asia Institute. 26 March 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  20. ↑ Singh, Abhishek; Mathur, Alok; Asthana, Alka; Maina, Juliet; Nester, Jade; Sathya, Sai Sri; Bhattacharya, Santanu; Phalke, Vidya (31 August 2021). "Mobility Data Analysis and Applications: A mid-year 2021 Survey". arXiv:2109.07901 [cs.CY].
  21. ↑ Pal, Biplab; Bhattacharya, Santanu; Singh, Madanjit (6 April 2026). "Blind-Spot Mass: A Good-Turing Framework for Quantifying Deployment Coverage Risk in Machine Learning Systems". arXiv:2604.05057 [cs.LG].
  22. ↑ Pal, Biplab; Bhattacharya, Santanu (25 March 2026). "The Stochastic Gap: A Markovian Framework for Pre-Deployment Reliability and Oversight-Cost Auditing in Agentic Artificial Intelligence". arXiv:2603.24582 [cs.AI].
  23. ↑ "NANDA Team - MIT Decentralized AI". nanda.media.mit.edu. Retrieved 29 July 2025.
  24. ↑ Werner, John. "Make A Decentralized Internet With AI: NANDA Is Coming". Forbes. Retrieved 29 July 2025.
  25. ↑ Werner, John. "They're Making TCP/IP For AI, And It's Called NANDA". Forbes. Retrieved 29 July 2025.
  26. ↑ "Project Overview ‹ Large Population Models". MIT Media Lab. Retrieved 30 July 2025.
  27. ↑ "MCP has Arrived. Are You Ready for the Revolution?". iceberg.mit.edu. Retrieved 30 July 2025.
  28. ↑ "Project Iceberg - Methodology". iceberg.mit.edu. Retrieved 30 July 2025.
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