Salyan, Azerbaijan

Salyan
City
Official seal of Salyan
Seal
Salyan is located in Azerbaijan
Salyan
Salyan
Location within Azerbaijan
Coordinates: 39°35′42″N 48°58′45″E / 39.59500°N 48.97917°E / 39.59500; 48.97917
Country Azerbaijan
DistrictSalyan
Population
 (2008)
 • Total
36,100
Time zoneUTC+4 (AZT)

Salyan (Azerbaijani: Salyan), is a city and the capital of the Salyan District of Azerbaijan.[1] The city of Salyan is industrialized and known for processing caviar.[2][3]

History

Salyan Juma Mosque

The city of Salyan was called "Dalan-Navur" in Mongolian during the Mongol invasion of Azerbaijan.[4]

The word "Salyan" is either derived from the Arabo-Persian words seyl (flood) and seylan (overflow) or the Turkic word sal (raft).[5] It was part of Quba Khanate during 1680 to 1782 and ruled by various khans.[6] Salyan was the administrative center of the Javad Uyezd of the Baku Governorate.

Throughout its history, Salyan has suffered from floods because of its proximity to the river and the relatively low elevation of most of the town.[7]

Geography

Climate

Climate data for Salyan (1971–1990)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.2
(45.0)		 8.3
(46.9)		 11.7
(53.1)		 19.0
(66.2)		 25.0
(77.0)		 30.0
(86.0)		 33.1
(91.6)		 31.9
(89.4)		 28.2
(82.8)		 21.0
(69.8)		 — 9.4
(48.9)		 20.5
(68.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9)		 3.8
(38.8)		 6.6
(43.9)		 12.0
(53.6)		 18.1
(64.6)		 21.2
(70.2)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.0
(71.6)		 20.7
(69.3)		 11.6
(52.9)		 9.4
(48.9)		 4.6
(40.3)		 13.0
(55.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.2
(31.6)		 0.8
(33.4)		 3.6
(38.5)		 9.5
(49.1)		 14.1
(57.4)		 18.8
(65.8)		 21.5
(70.7)		 20.5
(68.9)		 17.3
(63.1)		 11.9
(53.4)		 6.5
(43.7)		 1.6
(34.9)		 10.5
(50.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 24
(0.9)		 57
(2.2)		 28
(1.1)		 24
(0.9)		 28
(1.1)		 17
(0.7)		 4
(0.2)		 6
(0.2)		 11
(0.4)		 36
(1.4)		 38
(1.5)		 27
(1.1)		 300
(11.7)
Average rainy days 6 8 8 5 6 3 1 2 4 6 8 7 64
Source: NCEI[8]

Demographics

As of 2026, the city population counts of 36,000 people, while the whole district population stands around 142,000 people.[9][10]

Administrative divisions

The municipality of Salyan consists of the city of Salyan. The mayor, presently Rüstam Xalilov, embodies the executive power of the city.[11]

List of City's mayors

Azerbaijani SSR

  • (1920) Yusif Gasimov[12]
  • (1961–1966) Huseyn Huseynov[12]

Azerbaijan Republic

  • (1993) A.Yusubov[12]
  • (1993–2004) Valihat Azizov[12]
  • (2004) Yusif Alakbarov[12]
  • (2004–2009) Rasim Bashirov[12]
  • (2009–2011) Aliagha Huseynov[12]
  • (2011–2016) Tahir Karimov[12]
  • (2016–2024) Sevindik Hatamov[12]
  • (2024–present) Rüstam Xalilov [12]

Economy

Salyan bases its economy on cotton cultivation, grain production, livestock farming, food processing, fishing and small scaled industry.[13]

Culture

Sport

Salyan was home to former football teams Plastik Salyan and Mughan. Mughan through its history played in the Azerbaijan Premier League.[14]

Transport

Bus Terminal

Public transport

Salyan has a large urban transport system, mostly managed by the Ministry of Transportation.

Education

Salyan educational systems dates back to the nineteenth century. By 1860s they were several private schools and madrassas in the district, when 1880 saw the first European styled secondary school established. Currently the education system is under the Shirvan–Salyan Regional Education Department. The administration holds a network of public primary and secondary schools, attended by both urban and rural students. In recent years Azerbaijani government has invested in modernizing school infrastructure through construction and renovating of school buildings, fittong them with laboratories, libraries, computers and sport facilities.[15][16]

Notable residents

Some of the city's many prestigious residents include: philosopher Ali bey Huseynzade, mathematician Vagif Guliyev, lieutenant general Rail Rzayev, poet Khalil Rza Uluturk and footballer Samadagha Shikhlarov.

Sister cities

References

  1. ↑ "Xəta 404 - Səhifə tapılmadı!". Azərbaycan Respublikası Mədəniyyət Nazirliyi.
  2. ↑ "A little boy with fish". Archived from the original on August 4, 2009.
  3. ↑ "Икра". www.vehi.net.
  4. ↑ Togan, Zeki Velidi (1981). Ümumi türk tarihine giriş (cilt I) (in Turkish). Enderun Kitabevi. p. 254.
  5. ↑ Bournoutian 2016, p. 31 (see note 1).
  6. ↑ "Глава Сальянского района - глава исполнительной власти, назначается президентом". Archived from the original on February 28, 2009.
  7. ↑ "Over 40 schools suspend lessons due to floods in Azerbaijani region". en.trend.az. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
  8. ↑ "Salyan Climate Normals for 1971-1990(WMO Station number: 37913)". ncei.noaa.gov (TXT). National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
  9. ↑ "Population of Salyan 2026 | Salyan population - statistics". Population HUB. Retrieved 2026-07-05.
  10. ↑ "Salyan Population 2026". World Population Review. 2026-07-02. Retrieved 2026-07-05.
  11. ↑ "İcra hakimiyyətinin başçısı". salyan-ih.gov.az (in Azerbaijani). Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Salyan Mayors" (in Azerbaijani). Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  13. ↑ Samadov (www.anarsamadov.net), Anar. "Population of Azerbaijan". The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Retrieved 2026-07-05.
  14. ↑ "Клуб из Сальяна вышел в лидеры азербайджанской футбольной Премьер-лиги – Турнирное положение". Day.Az. September 14, 2009.
  15. ↑ "School built by Heydar Aliyev Foundation in Salyan's Shorsulu village put into operation". Report.az. 2023-09-16. Retrieved 2026-07-05.
  16. ↑ NModern. "Təhsil | Azərbaycan Respublikası Salyan Rayon İcra Hakimiyyəti". salyan-ih.gov.az (in Azerbaijani). Archived from the original on 2026-05-08. Retrieved 2026-07-05.
  17. ↑ Whitney Smith. Flag Lore Of All Nations. — Millbrook Press, 2001. — P. 13. — ISBN 9780761317531

Sources

  • Bournoutian, George (2016). The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia. Gibb Memorial Trust. ISBN 978-1909724808.
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