Rychtářov
Rychtářov | |
|---|---|
 Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary | |
Interactive map of Rychtářov | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | South Moravian Region |
| District | Vyškov |
| Municipality | Vyškov |
| Area | |
• Total | 11.58 km2 (4.47 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[2] | |
• Total | 576 |
| • Density | 49.7/km2 (129/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 682 01 |
Rychtářov (German: Richtersdorf) is a village and municipal part of the town of Vyškov in Vyškov District of the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Vyškov and 27 kilometres (17 mi) north-east of Brno, it lies at an altitude of 401 m above sea level. Rychtářov has a population of 576 as of the 2021 census.[2]
Etymology
The name of the village of Rychtářov probably comes from the personal name Rychtář, which would indicate "Rychtář's property". The first written mention from 1381 mentions the name Rechtářov, but in documents from 1460, 1537 and 1558 the form Dechtářov appears. This suggests the possibility that the origin of the name is related to the general term dehtář, i.e. "tar producer".[3]
The exact time and reason for the name change are unknown. There is a theory that the change may have occurred due to an incorrect transcription or incorrect reading of the letters R and D in contemporary documents. Another possibility is a connection with the introduction of German law and the system of regents in the 12th century, when Rychtářov could have acquired a name according to its administrative status.[4]
History
The first written mention of Rychtářov dates back to 1381, where the village was mentioned in the dowry deed of Anna, wife of Peter of Šternberk, under the name "Rechtarow".[4]
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the village underwent gradual economic and administrative development. Land registers were introduced and property changes took place as part of Maria Theresa's reforms. In 1855, a cholera epidemic hit Rychtářov, claiming 48 lives. Many families died out completely, which led to the decision to establish a new cemetery outside the church grounds.[5] In 1883, a post office was established here, which improved the village's connection with Vyškov and other settlements.[6]
At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the infrastructure was further developed - a new municipal school, a municipal inn and a sawmill were built. In 1913, electric lighting was introduced in the village, which contributed to the modernization and improvement of living conditions. After World War I, a parquet and joinery machine shop was established in Rychtářov, which brought job opportunities to local residents.[7]
During the German occupation in 1941, the inhabitants of 33 municipalities were evicted from the Drahany Highlands, including Rychtářov, in connection with the expansion of the military area and the village remained almost abandoned. After the end of World War II and the occupation in 1945, the original inhabitants were able to return and the village's reconstruction began.[8][9]
During the socialist era, an agricultural cooperative was founded in Rychtářov, which led to the mechanization of agriculture, but also to a change in traditional farming.[10] In 1961, it merged with Lhota to form the municipality of Rychtářov-Lhota, which became a part of Vyškov in 1986.[11]
Demographics
Historical population | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source: Censuses[12][2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Monuments
- Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
- Troyerstein hunting lodge
- Childhood house of known resident Alois Musil with a memorial plaque, house num. 14
- Musa Villa - built by Alois Musil
- Ruins of Kuchlov Castle
- Ruins of Stagnov Castle
- Remains of the Na valech ('On the ramparts') hillfort
- Boží muka column shrine
- Monument to the fallen soldiers of World War I and World War II
Notable people
- Alois Musil (1868-1944), theologian, orientalist, explorer and writer
References
- ↑ "Registr sčítacích obvodů a budov" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office.
- 1 2 3 "Výsledky sčítání 2021 - otevřená data". Public Database (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
- ↑ Hosák, Ladislav; Šrámek, Rudolf (1980). Místní jména na Moravě a ve Slezsku [Place names in Moravia and Silesia] (in Czech). Vol. II. M–Ž. Prague: Academia. pp. 404–405.
- 1 2 Sochor, František (1938). Paměti obce Rychtářova [Memories of the municipality of Rychtářov] (in Czech). Vyškov: F. Obzina.
- ↑ Sochor, František (1938). Paměti obce Rychtářova [Memories of the municipality of Rychtářov] (in Czech). Vyškov: F. Obzina. pp. 72–74.
- ↑ Sochor, František (1938). Paměti obce Rychtářova [Memories of the municipality of Rychtářov] (in Czech). Vyškov: F. Obzina. pp. 85–86.
- ↑ Sochor, František (1938). Paměti obce Rychtářova [Memories of the municipality of Rychtářov] (in Czech). Vyškov: F. Obzina. pp. 102–105.
- ↑ Pořízková, Hana (2008). "Poválečná obnova obcí Drahanska (vyklizených za druhé světové války), Diplomová práce" (PDF) (in Czech). Brno. pp. 5–38.
- ↑ Sochor, František (1938). Paměti obce Rychtářova [Memories of the municipality of Rychtářov] (in Czech). Vyškov: F. Obzina. pp. 130–132.
- ↑ Sochor, František (1938). Paměti obce Rychtářova [Memories of the municipality of Rychtářov] (in Czech). Vyškov: F. Obzina. pp. 145–148.
- ↑ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 - IV. Abecední přehled obcí a částí obcí" [Historical Lexicon of Municipalities of the Czech Republic 1869–2011 - IV. Alphabetical List of Municipalities and Municipal Parts] (PDF) (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
- ↑ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.